Akanga Asina Mufungo Wokubvumirana Pane Zvisina Kufanira!

RUOKO rwaJehovha rwakanga rune vateveri vapakuvamba vaJesu Kristu. (Mabasa 11:21) Nebetsero yaMwari, vakaronda nenzira yokusabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nzira yakarurama. Kuti akatamburawo utsinye uye kunyange chitambudzo chakakomba iidi renhau rinosanozivikanwa.

Perero yavateveri vakatendeka vokutanga vaKristu yazova inosanozivikanwa. Kunyange pakurasikirwa noupenyu hwavo, vairamba kubvumiranisa kutenda kwavo pane zvisina kufanira. Asi neiko vakabatwa noutsinye kwazvo?

Aivengwa Pasina Chisakiso

Kufanana naJesu, maKristu echokwadi akanga asingagoverani vavariro nezvitendero zvenyika ino. (1 Johane 4:4-6) Uyezve, kukura kwechiKristu “kwakanga kwava kunokurumidza kwazvo, uye budiriro yako inoshamisa kwazvo, zvokuti bonderano inotyisa [nesimba roumambo reRoma] yakanga isingadzivisiki,” anonyora kudaro wezvenhau Edmond de Pressensé.

Jesu akamboshandisa kwaari amene pisarema rouporofita, achiti: “Vakandivenga ndisine mhosva.” (Johane 15:25; Pisarema 69:4) Asati audza vadzidzi vake ikoku, akanga anyevera, kuti: “Muranda haazi mukuru kunashe wake. Kana vakanditambudza ini, vachakutambudzai nemiwo.” (Johane 15:20) Kwaisazova kuri nyore kutevera mutsoka dzake. Kutanga, vatungamiriri vorudzidziso pakati pavaJudha vaizobata vadzidzi vechiJudha vaJesu savawi pakutenda vakabva muchiJudha. Apo kwakarairwa kuti vateveri vaJesu vasataurezve pamusoro pake, zvisinei, vakaramba kuwirirana uye nokudaro kubvumiranisa kutenda kwavo pane zvisina kufanira.—Mabasa 4:17-20; 5:27-32.

Muchipupuriro chakapiwa kuSanihedrini yechiJudha nokukurumidza pashure pePentekosta 33 N.V., mudzidzi Stefano akapomerwa ku“taura mashoko anomhura Mosesi naMwari.” Kunyange zvazvo pomero dzacho dzakanga dzakaipa, akatakwa namabwe kusvikira kurufu. Somuuyo, “[ungano, NW] yapaJerusarema yakatambudzwa zvikuru,” uye “vakaparadzirwa vose kunyika yeJudhea neSamaria, vakasara vaapostora bedzi.” (Mabasa 6:11, 13; 8:1) Vazhinji vakapinzwa mutorongo.

VaJudha vakaronda vateveri vaJesu “noruvengo rwoutsinye,” rinodaro bhuku rinonzi Christianity and the Roman Empire. Chokwadi, hurumende yeRoma kazhinji kazhinji yaifanira kuita chimwe chinhu kuti idzivirire maKristu! Somuenzaniso, varwi veRoma vakaponesa muapostora Pauro pavaJudha vakanga vakatsunga kumuponda. (Mabasa 21:26-36) Bva, ukama pakati pamaKristu navaRoma hwakaramba huri husina kunaka.

Roma Inokombesa Chitambudzo

Anenge makore mapfumbamwe pashure porufu rwaStefano, mutongi weRoma Herodhi Agrippa I akaita kuti muapostora Jakobho aurawe kuti adiwe navaJudha. (Mabasa 12:1-3) Pakasvika nguva iyoyo, chitendero muna Kristu chakanga chapararira kusvikira kuRoma. (Mabasa 2:10) Muna 64 N.V., chikamu chikuru cheguta iroro chakaparadzwa nomwoto. Kutambudzwa kunotyisa kwamaKristu kwakatevera pashure pokunge Nero aapa mhosva yengwavaira munhamburiko yake yokupedza runyerekupe rwokuti iye akaparira mwoto wacho. Ko iye akapisa guta racho sepembedzo yokurivakazve nomutoo wakaisvonaka zvikuru ndokuritumidzazve zita rake amene Neropolis here? Kana kuti mambokadzi wake Poppaea, mupuroserite wechiJudha aiva noruvengo rwunozivikanwa kumaKritsu, akapesvedzera chisarudzo chake chokuapomera mhaka here? Vanzveri havana chokwadi, asi muuyo wacho wakanga uchityisa.

Wezvenhau weRoma Tacitus anoti: “Runyombo rwakawedzerwa kurufu; akapfeka makanda ezvikara, [maKristu] aibvamburwa nembwa; airovererwa pamichinjiko; aipiswa, kuitira kuti apo zuva raikundikana, agobatira sezviedza,” matochi avanhu okuvhenekera mapindu oumambo. Tacitus, uyo akanga asiri shamwari yamaKristu, anowedzera, kuti: “Kunyange zvazvo aiva nemhaka, uye achifanirwa nechirango chomuenzaniso, ainyandura tsitsi, sezvo aiparadzwa, kwete nokuda kwegarikano yavose, asi noutsinye hwomunhu mumwe,” Nero.

Misiano Yakajeka

Kunyange zvazvo kwakakodzera donzo raNero kupomera mhaka maKristu yoruparadziko rweRoma, haana kutongoarambidza kana kuti kurambidza chiKristu sorudzidziso mukati meHurumende. Naizvozvo neiko vaRoma vakawirirana nechitambudzo chacho? Nemhaka yokuti “nzanga duku dzechiKristu dzakanga dzichinetsa nyika yechihedheni inoda mufarwa noutsvene hwavo nechimemba chavo,” anodaro wezvenhau Will Durant. Musiano pakati pechiKristu nokudeura ropa kwamakwikwi okurwa eRoma waisatongogona kuva mukuru zvikuru. Banza rokuti vaRoma vaparadze maKristu uye nokudaro vanyaradze hana dzavo vamene rakanga rakanyanyonaka zvokusagona kupotsa.

Sesimba renyika, Roma yakaratidzika seisingakundiki. VaRoma vaidavira kuti chikonzero chimwe chesimba ravo rehondo kwaiva kunamata kwavo vamwari vose. Ivo naizvozvo vakakuwana kwakaoma kunzwisisa kusiana kwokudavira muna Mwari mumwe kwechiKristu nokuramba kwacho vamwe vamwari vose, kubatanidza kunamatwa kwamambo. Kwakanga kusingashamisi kuti Roma yakaona chiKristu sepesvedzero inosekesa hwaro humene hwoumambo.

Mutengo Wokupupurira

Nechokumugumo kwezana ramakore rokutanga N.V., muapostora Johane akatapirwa kuchitsuwa chePatmosi “nokuda kwokutaura pamusoro paMwari nokupupurira Jesu.” (Zvakazarurwa 1:9, NW) Mambo weRoma Domitian anodavirwa kuva akaparira ikoku. Pasinei zvapo nedzvinyiriro yakaunzwa pavateveri vaJesu, zvisinei, pakasvika mugumo wezana racho ramakore, chiKristu chakanga chapararira muUmambo hwose hweRoma. Ikoku kwakabvira sei? A History of the Early Church rinotaura kuti chiKristu chaka“batanidzwa pamwe chete noushumiri hwacho.” Kufanana naJohane, maKristu apakuvamba akatambudzwa haasati aizobvumiranisa pane zvisina kufanira kutenda kwawo asi akapfuurira noushingi mukutaura pamusoro paMwari nokupupurira Jesu.—Mabasa 20:20, 21; 2 Timotio 4:2.

Kutambudzwa kwamaKristu kwakava norutivi rutsva pakasvika 112 N.V., makore maviri pashure pokunge Mambo Trajan agadza Pliny kuva gavhuna weBhitinia (zvino Turkey yokuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero). Kutonga kwekare imomo kwakanga kwave kuri kusina kusimba, kuchiguma nenyongano. Tembere dzakadokusiiwa dzisina chinhu, uye kutengeswa kwezvokudya zvemhuka dzechibairo kwakaderera zvikuru. Vatengesi vakashora kupfava kwokunamata kwechiKristu, nokuti kwaisava nezvose zviri zviviri zvibairo zvemhuka nezvidhori.

Pliny akashanda zvakaoma kudzorera kunamata kwechihedheni, nepo maKristu aibhadhara noupenyu hwawo nokuda kwokuramba kupa waini nezvinonhuwira pamberi pezvifananidzo zvamambo. Pakupedzisira, zviremera zveRoma zvakabvuma kuti maKristu “vaiva vanhu vane tsika dzakaisvonaka, asi vane utsinye zvisingatsananguriki kugamuchidzanwa rakare rorudzidziso,” anodaro Purofesa Henry Chadwick. Kunyange zvazvo kuva muKristu kwakaramba kuri mhaka inorangwa norufu, vateveri vechokwadi vaKristu vakanga vasina mufungo wokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira.

Ruvengo rwakabvawo mu“dambudzo rakaparirwa mumhuri dzechihedheni nokutendeuka kwemitezo mimwe nemimwe,” anodaro Purofesa W. M. Ramsay. “Upenyu hwenzanga hwakaomeswa zvikuru apo muvakidzani womunhu aisagona kuwirirana netsikawo zvayo zvikurusa pahwaro hwokuti yaibatanidza kuzivikanwa kwavamwari vechihedheni,” anodaro Dr. J. W. C. Wand. Hakushamisi kuti vazhinji vairangarira maKristu apakuvamba savavengi vorudzi rwomunhu kana kuti vaiarangarira kuva asingatendi kuvapo kwaMwari.

Kukura Kunounza Chitambudzo Chikuru Zvikuru

Polycarp, sezvinoshumwa akadzidziswa nomuapostora Johane, akava mukuru anoremekedzwa muguta reSmirna (zvino Izmir). Nokuda kwokutenda kwake akapisirwa padanda muna 155 N.V. Gavhuna woruwa weRoma Statius Quadratus akaunganidza mapoka. Nhandare yakazadzwa navahedheni vane utsinye avo vaishora Polycarp aiva namakore 86 okukura nokuda kwokushora kunamatwa kwavamwari vavo, uye vaJudha vanonyanyisa vakaunganidza huni nokudisa, kunyange zvazvo vaifanira kukuita paSabata guru.

Chitambudzo chamasimba masimba chakatevera kuwira pamaKristu munyika yeRoma yose. Mukutonga kwaMambo Marcus Aurelius, akatowanda zvikuru akaurawa. Kana aiva vagari vemo veRoma, aiurawa nomunondo; kana akanga asiri, aiurawa nezvikara muhoro. Mhaka yawo? Kungova chete maKristu airamba kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira kana kuti kuramba kutenda kwawo.

Guta razvino uno reFrance reLyons rakakura richibva munyika yeRoma yeLugdunum, nzvimbo huru yokudzora uye maiva navarwi bedzi vanodzivirira veRoma pakati peRoma noRwizi rwaRhine. Pakasvika 177 N.V., raiva nenzanga yakasimba yechiKristu iyo vanhu vechihedheni vakarwisana nayo nehasha. Ikoku kwakavamba apo maKristu akabviswa munzvimbo dzavose. Nyongori yakanyandura chimurenga, uye chitambudzo chakatevera chakanga chiri chikuru kwazvo zvokuti hapana muKristu akatsunga kubuda kunze. Gavhuna weRoma akaraira kuti maKristu awanwe ndokuurawa.

Tuso

Norufu rwavaapostora vaJesu nokupfuura kwepesvedzero yavo inodzora, kuwa pakutenda kwakavamba kukura pakati pavaiti maKristu. (2 VaTesaronika 2:7) Nechokumugumo kwezana ramakore rechina N.V. chiKristu chakawa pakutenda chakava rudzidziso rweHurumende. Panguva iyeyo, chakanga chava chakaipiswa uye chakanga chava chakagadzirira kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira ndokuzvizivisa chimene nenyika—chimwe chinhu icho Jesu navadzidzi vake vapakuvamba vasina kutongoita. (Johane 17:16) Pamberi zvikuru, zvisinei, manyoro eBhaibheri akanga apedzwa, nechinyorwa charo chokutenda kwechiKristu.

Kutambura norufu kwezviuru zvamaKristu apakuvamba zvakanga zvisina maturo here? Nyangwe! Pasina mufungo wokubvumiranisa kutenda kwawo pane zvisina kufanira, ‘akazvibvumikisa amene kuva akatendeka kunyange kusvikira kurufu uye akapiwa korona youpenyu.’ (Zvakazarurwa 2:10) Vabatiri vaJehovha vachiri kunzwa kupisa kwechitambudzo, asi kutenda neperero zvavatendi biyavo vapakuvamba zvinoramba zviri manyuko ekurudziro huru kwavari. Nokudaro, maKristu omuzuva razvino uno haanawo mufungo wokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 8, 9]

Nero

Mufananidzo woumambo hweRoma

Atari yakapiwa kukunamatwa kwaKesari

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Nero: Courtesy of The British Museum

Museo della Civiltà Romana, Roma

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]

Marcus Aurelius

[Kwazvakatorwa]

The Bettmann Archive