Epafrodhito Nhume Yevafiripi
“MUMUGAMUCHIREI munaShe nomufaro wose, uye mukudze vakadai,” akanyora kudaro Pauro kuvaFiripi. Pasina panikiro taizofara kudai mumwe mutariri wechiKristu aizotaura nezvedu nemashoko okuonga akadaro. (VaFiripi 2:29) Asi Pauro akanga achitaura nezvaani? Uye munhu wacho akanga aitei zvokuti afanirwe nerumbidzo yakadaro yeushamwari?
Mhinduro kumubvunzo wokutanga ndiEpafrodhito. Kuti tipindure wechipiri, ngatirangarirei mamiriro ezvinhu akasunda Pauro kunyora mashoko iwaya.
Munenge muna 58 C.E., vaFiripi vakanzwa kuti Pauro akanga azvuzvurudzirwa kunze kwetembere ndokurohwa nenyongori inotyisa muJerusarema, akanga asungwa nezviremera, uye, pashure pekuchengetwa kusina chisarudzo, akanga aendeswa kuRoma akasungwa nengetani. (Mabasa 21:27-33; 24:27; 27:1) Vachinetseka pamusoro pegarikano yake, vanofanira kuve vakazvibvunza vamene chavaigona kumuitira. Vakanga vari varombo mune zvekunyama uye vari kure zvikuru naPauro, naizvozvo betsero yavaigona kupa yakanga yakaganhurirwa. Bva, mufungo weushamwari wakasunda vaFiripi kutsigira ushumiri hwake munguva yakapfuura wakanga uchiri kuvasunda; kunyange zvikuru kwazvo, sezvo akanga ari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.—2 VaKorinte 8:1-4; VaFiripi 4:16.
VaFiripi vanofanira kuve vakarangarira kana mumwe wavo aigona kushanyira Pauro aine chipo ndokumubatsira kana aida chinhu chipi nechipi. Asi rwakanga rwuri rwendo rwakareba uye runonetesa, uye kumubatsira kungava kune ngozi! Joachim Gnilka anoti: “Ushingi hwakanga huchidikanwa kushanyira musungwa, uye mukuwedzera, uyo ane ‘mhaka’ inofanira kuve yakaratidzika seisina kutaurwa zvakajeka zvikuru.” Munyori Brian Rapske anoti: “Kwakanga kune ngozi yokuwedzera yekungova pedyo zvikuru kana kuti kunzwira tsitsi musungwa kana kuti nemirangariro yake. . . . Shoko retsaona kana kuti chiito zvingatungamirira kwete bedzi kurufu rwemusungwa asiwo rwemubetseri.” VaFiripi vaigona kutuma ani?
Tingafungidzira zvakanaka kuti rwendo rwerudzi urwu rwaigona kuve rwakanyandura kunetseka nekupanikira, asi Epafrodhito (haafaniri kuvhiringidzwa naEpafrasi weKorose) akanga achidisa kuita basa iroro rakaoma. Tichirangarira zita rake, iro rinobatanidza riya raAphrodite, angave akanga ave ari mutendeukiri weVamarudzi kuchiKristu—mwanakomana wevabereki vakanga vakazvipira kuna mwarikadzi iyeye wechiGiriki werudo neruzvaro. Apo Pauro akanyorera vaFiripi kuti avatende nokuda kwerupo rwavo, aigona nenzira yakarurama kurondedzera Epafrodhito se“nhume yenyu nomushumiri wangu pakushaiwa kwangu.”—VaFiripi 2:25.
Kubva mune izvo Bhaibheri rinotaura pamusoro paEpafrodhito, tinokwanisa kunzwisisa kuti pasinei zvapo nekudisa kwake kwairumbidzwa kuti azvishandise amene mubasa iri nokuda kwaPauro neungano yake amene, Epafrodhito akanga ane rudzi rumwe cheterwo rwezvinetso zvatingava nazvo. Ngatirangarirei muenzaniso wake.
“Mushumiri Wangu Pakushaiwa Kwangu”
Hatizivi udzame hwacho, asi tinogona kufungidzira kuti Epafrodhito akasvika muRoma aneta nerwendo rwake. Zvimwe akafamba nomuVia Egnatia, mumwe mugwagwa weRoma uyo waipfuura nomuMakedhonia. Angagona kuve akayambuka Adriatic achienda ku“chitsitsinho” chepeninzura yeItaly uye ipapo kukwidza Appian Way achienda kuRoma. Rwakanga rwuri rwendo runonetesa (makiromita 1 200 kuenda chete) urwo sezvingabvira rwakatora unopfuura mwedzi.—Ona bhokisi riri papeji 29.
Epafrodhito akavamba kufamba nomudzimui? Akanga atumwa kuti aitire Pauro “basa romunhu oga,” kana kuti lei·tour·giʹa. (VaFiripi 2:30, NW) Iri shoko rechiGiriki pakuvamba rainongedzera kubasa reHurumende raiitwa nekuzvidira nemugari wemo. Gare gare, rakasvika pakureva rudzi rwuya rwebasa iro Hurumende yaida nokumanikidzira kuti vagari vemo vakanga vakakwaniriswa zvikuru vaite. Pamusoro pekushandiswa kweshoko iri muMagwaro echiGiriki, imwe nyanzvi inoti: “MuKristu munhu anoshandira Mwari nevanhu, kutanga, nemhaka yekuti anoshuva kudaro, nemwoyo wake wose, uye chechipiri, nemhaka yekuti anomanikidzirwa kudaro, nemhaka yekuti kuda Kristu kunomumanikidza.” Hungu, mudzimu wakaisvonaka zvakadini wakaratidza Epafrodhito!
‘Akaisa Mweya Wake Mungozi’
Achishandisa shoko rakatorwa mumutauro wekubhejera, Pauro anotaura kuti Epafrodhito akanga ‘aisa [pa·ra·bo·leu·saʹme·nos] mweya wake mungozi,’ kana kuti chaizvoizvo, “akabhejera” upenyu hwake nokuda kwebasa raKristu. (VaFiripi 2:30) Hatifaniri kufunga kuti Epafrodhito akaita chinhu chipi nechipi choufuza; panzvimbo pezvo, kuitwa kwebasa rake rinoera kwaibatanidza ngozi yakati. Zvichida akaedza here basa reyamuro mukati menguva yakashata yegore? Akapfuurira mukuedza kuripedza pashure pekurwara ari kune imwe nzvimbo munzira here? Muchiitiko chipi nechipi, Epafrodhito aka“rwara kwazvo, ari pakufa.” Zvichida aifanira kuve akagara naPauro kuti amubatire, naizvozvo muapostora sezviri pachena aida kutsanangura chikonzero nei aifanira kudzokera nokukurumidza zvikuru kupfuura zvaikarirwa.—VaFiripi 2:27.
Kunyange zvakadaro, Epafrodhito akanga ari munhu akashinga uyo aidisa kuzvipa amene pasina udyire kuitira kuti ayamure avo vaishaiwa.
Tingazvibvunza timene kuti, ‘Ndaizozvishandisa ndimene kusvikira kumweroi kuti ndibatsire hama dzangu dzomudzimu idzo dziri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma?’ Mudzimu wakadaro wekudisa hausi wechisarudzo nokuda kwevaKristu vari vose. Jesu akati: “Ndinokupai murayiro mutsva, wokuti mudane; sezvandakakudai imi, nemi mudanewo saizvozvo.” (Johane 13:34) Epafrodhito akaita basa rake “[kusvikira] odokufa.” Epafrodhito, ipapo, akanga ari muenzaniso wemunhu akanga aine “chimiro chendangariro” icho Pauro akakurudzira vaFiripi kuva nacho. (VaFiripi 2:5, 8, 30, Kingdom Interlinear) Tingave vakagadzirira kusvika papfundo iroro here?
Zvisinei, Epafrodhito akaora mwoyo. Nei?
Kuora Mwoyo Kwake
Zviise umene munzvimbo yaEpafrodhito. Pauro akashuma, kuti: “Zvaakanga achikushuvai zvikuru imi mose, akatambudzika kwazvo, nokuti imi makanga manzwa kuti unorwara.” (VaFiripi 2:26) Epafrodhito aiziva kuti hama dzaiva muungano yake dzakanga dzichiziva kuti akanga achirwara uye akanga asina kukwanisa kubatsira Pauro munzira iyo vakanga vakarira. Kutaura idi, kungaratidzika kuti Epafrodhito akanga aitira Pauro funganyo zhinji. Chiremba Ruka, shamwari yaPauro, aifanira kuregeredza zvimwe zvinhu kuti atarisire Epafrodhito here?—VaFiripi 2:27, 28; VaKorose 4:14.
Sezvingabvira somugumisiro, Epafrodhito akaora mwoyo. Zvichida aifungidzira kuti hama dzaiva muungano yake dzakanga dzichimurangarira seasingakwanisi. Zvimwe akanga achinzwa aine mhaka uye akanga achi“shuva” kuvaona kuti avavimbise nezvekutendeka kwake. Pauro akashandisa shoko rakasimba zvikuru rechiGiriki, a·de·mo·neʹo, “kuodzwa mwoyo,” kurondedzera mugariro waEpafrodhito. Maererano nenyanzvi J. B. Lightfoot, shoko iri rinogona kuratidzira “mugariro wakakangaidzwa, usina kugadzikana, wakatsauswa zvishoma, unoparirwa nekudzongonyedzwa kwemumuviri, kana kuti nefunganyo yendangariro, senhamo, nyadzi, kushatiriswa, zvichingodaro.” Kumwe kushandiswa bedzi kweshoko iri muMagwaro echiGiriki kunonongedzera kumarwadzo akakomba aJesu mubindu reGetsemani.—Mateo 26:37.
Pauro akagumisa kuti chinhu chakanakisisa chaizova chokudzosera Epafrodhito kuvaFiripi netsamba yaitsanangura kudzoka kwaisakarirwa kwenhume yavo. Mukutaura kuti, “Asi ndakati ndinofanira kutuma kwamuri Epafrodhito,” Pauro ari kubvuma mutoro wekudzoka kwake, nokudaro achibvisa nyumwiro ipi neipi inobvira yekuti Epafrodhito akanga akundikana. (VaFiripi 2:25) Mukupesana, Epafrodhito akadokurasikirwa neupenyu hwake kuitira kuti apedze basa rake! Pauro anorumbidza neushamwari kuti “mumugamuchirei munaShe nomufaro wose, uye mukudze vakadai; nokuti nokuda kwebasa raKristu wakanga odokufa, akasarangarira upenyu hwake, achida kukwanisa pamakanga musingagoni kundishumira imi.”—VaFiripi 2:29, 30.
“Mukudze Vakadai”
Varume navakadzi vane chimiro chendangariro chimwe chetecho naEpafrodhito zvirokwazvo vanofanira kuongwa. Vanorega zvimwe zvinhu ivo vamene kuitira kuti vabatire. Funga nezveavo vakazvipa vamene kuti vabatire kure zvikuru nemusha sevafundisi, vatariri vanofambira, kana kuti pane imwe yehofisi dzebazu dzeWatch Tower Society. Kana zera kana kuti utano huri kuderera zvichidzivisa vamwe zvino kuita zvavaichimboita, vanofanirwa nerukudzo neruremekedzo nokuda kwemakore avo ebasa rokutendeka.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kurwara kunonetesa kungava manyuko ekuora mwoyo kana kuti mirangariro yokuva nemhaka. Munhu angada kuita zvizhinji. Kunokangaidza sei! Vapi navapi vanozviwana vamene vari mumumiriro wezvinhu wakadaro vanogona kudzidza kuna Epafrodhito. Chaizvoizvo, yakanga iri mhaka yake kuti akanga arwara here? Zvirokwazvo kwete! (Genesi 3:17-19; VaRoma 5:12) Epafrodhito aishuva kubatira Mwari nehama dzake, asi chirwere chakamuganhurira.
Pauro haana kutsiura Epafrodhito nemhaka yekurwara kwake asi akaudza vaFiripi kuti vamutsigire zvikuru. Nenzira yakafanana, tinofanira kunyaradza hama dzedu apo dzinoodzwa mwoyo. Kazhinji kazhinji tinogona kudzirumbidza nokuda kwemuenzaniso wadzo webasa rokutendeka. Kuti Pauro akaonga Epafrodhito, achitaura zvakanaka kwazvo nezvake, kunofanira kuve kwakamunyaradza, kuchideredza kuora mwoyo kwake. Isuwo tinogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti ‘Mwari haasati ari asina kururama zvekukanganwa basa redu nerudo zvatakaratidza nokuda kwezita rake, mukuti takashumira vatsvene uye tinopfuurira kushumira.’—VaHebheru 6:10.
[Bhokisi riri papeji 29]
Nhamo Dzerwendo Rwacho
Mazuva ano rwendo pakati pemaguta maviri anokosha eEurope, rwakafanana nerwuya rwakaitwa naEpafrodhito, rungasada nhamburiko huru. Rwendo rwacho rungapedzwa zvakanaka mundege muawa kana kuti mbiri. Yakanga iri nhau yakasiyana chose chose kuita rwendo rwakadaro muzana ramakore rokutanga. Panguva iyoyo, kufamba munzvimbo nenzvimbo kwaireva nhamo. Mufambi anofamba netsoka aigona kufukidza makiromita ari pakati pe30 ne35 pazuva, achizviisa amene mumamiriro okunze akashata nengozi dzakasiyana-siyana, kubatanidza “makororo.”—2 VaKorinte 11:26.
Zvakadini nekumira usiku hwose nemigove yezvokudya?
Wezvenhau Michelangelo Cagiano de Azevedo anoonesa kuti mumigwagwa yeRoma, “makanga mune mamansione, hotera dzakanaka, dzine zvokudya, zvitevere, uye dzimba dzevashandi vavo; pakati pemamansione maviri akatevedzana, pakanga pane mamutatione akati, kana kuti nzvimbo dzokumira, idzo munhu aigona kuchinja mabhiza kana kuti zvifambiso ndokuwana migove.” Idzi dzimba dzavaenzi dzakanga dzine mukurumbira wakashata zvikuru sezvo dzaishanyirwa nguva dzose nevakaderera zvikurusa vemapoka enzanga. Kunze kwekubira vafambi, vachengeti vedzimba dzavaenzi vaiwanzowedzera mari yavo nezvaiwanwa kupfambi. Mudetembedzi anosetsa wechiLatin Juvenal akatsinhira kuti vapi nevapi vaizviwana vamene vachimanikidzirwa kugara muimba yevaenzi yerudzi rwakadaro vangave vakazviwana vamene “vakarara pedyo nevasina tsika, vatyairi vemagwa, varanda vaitiza, parutivi pevanosungirira uye vagadziri vemabhokisi . . . Munhu ari wose anoshandisa kapu imwe cheteyo; hakuna munhu ane mubhedha wake amene, kana kuti tafura yake oga.” Vamwe vanyori vakare vakachema pamusoro pemvura yakashata uye kamuri, idzo dzakanga dzakazara nevanhu, dzine tsvina, dzine mwando, uye dzakazadzwa nenhata.
[Mepu/Mufananidzo uri papeji 27]
(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)
Roma
[Mufananidzo]
Mufambi munguva dzeRoma
[Kwazvakatorwa]
Mepu: Mountain High Maps® Copyright © 1995 Digital Wisdom, Inc.; Traveler: Da originale del Museo della Civiltà Romana, Roma