Naʻa Nau Ikunaʻi ʻa e Fakatangá
KO Frieda Jess naʻe fāʻeleʻi ia ʻi he 1911 ʻi Tenimaʻake, ʻa ia naʻá ne hiki mei ai mo ʻene ongo mātuʻá ki Husum ʻi he fakatokelau ʻo Siamané. ʻI ha ngaahi taʻu ki mui ai naʻá ne ngāue ʻi Magdeburg, pea ʻi he 1930 naʻe papitaiso ai ia ko ha Tokotaha Ako Tohitapu, hangē ko ia ne uiʻaki a e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ʻi he taimi ko iá. Naʻe hoko ʻa Hitilā ki hono mafaí ʻi he 1933, pea kia Frieda ko e meʻa ko eni ne hokó naʻe kamata ai ha taʻu ʻe 23 ʻo e ngaohikovia ʻo ʻikai ʻi he ngāue pē ʻa ha puleʻanga fakaaoao ʻe taha, ka ko e ua.
ʻI Maʻasi 1933 naʻe fiemaʻu ai ʻe he puleʻanga Siamané ha fili fakalūkufua. Ko Dr. Detlef Garbe, ʻa e pule ʻo e Kemi Fakamanatu Fakamamahi Neuengamme ofi ki Hamburg, ʻokú ne fakamatala: “Ko e Sōsialisi Fakafonuá naʻá ne fiemaʻu ke fakamālohiʻi ha fuʻu tokolahi maʻa honau minisitā pule mo e takí, ko ʻAtolofi Hitilā.” Naʻe muimui ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ki he ekinaki ʻa Sīsū ke nofoʻaki tuʻu-ʻatā fakapolitikale pea ke ‘ʻikai ʻo māmāni,’ ko ia ai, naʻe ʻikai te nau fili. Ko e olá? Naʻe tapui ai ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoní.—Sione 17:16.
Naʻe fakahoko fakapulipuli ai ʻe Frieda ʻa ʻene ngaahi ngāue faka-Kalisitiané, ʻo aʻu ki heʻene tokoni ke pulusi ʻa e makasini Taua Leʻo. “Ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi makasiní naʻe ʻave fakafufū ia ki he ngaahi kemi fakamamahí ki homau ngaahi kaungātuí,” ko ʻene laú ia. Naʻe puke ia ʻi he 1940 ʻo fakaʻekeʻeke ʻe he kau Kesitapó, ʻa ia ʻi he hili iá naʻá ne fakamoleki ai ha ngaahi māhina ʻi he pilīsone tauteá. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻene kātakí? ʻOkú ne pehē: “Ko e lotú ʻa hoku hūfangaʻangá. Naʻá ku kamata lotu pongipongia ʻi he pongipongí pea lotu tuʻo lahi ʻi he ʻaho. Naʻe ʻomai ʻe he lotú kiate au ʻa e mālohi pea tokoniʻi au ke ʻoua ʻe hoko ʻo loto-moʻua tōtuʻa.”—Filipai 4:6, 7.
Naʻe tukuange ʻa Frieda, ka ʻi he 1944 naʻe toe puke ai ia ʻe he kau Kesitapó. ʻI he taimi ko ení naʻe tautea ai ia ki he taʻu ʻe fitu ʻi he pilīsone Waldheim. ʻOku hoko atu ʻa Frieda: “Naʻe tuku au ʻe he kau leʻo ʻi he pilīsoné ke ngāue mo e kau fefine kehe ʻi he ngaahi loki foó. Naʻá ku faʻa ʻi ai mo ha tokotaha pōpula mei Sekisolovākia, ko ia naʻá ku talanoa lahi kiate ia ʻo fekauʻaki mo Sihova pea mo ʻeku tuí. Naʻe hanganaki ʻai au ʻe he ngaahi fetalanoaʻaki ko iá ke u mālohi.”
Tukuange kae ʻIkai Fuoloa
Naʻe fakatauʻatāinaʻi ʻa e pilīsone Waldheim ʻe he ngaahi kongakau Sovietí ʻi Mē 1945, pea naʻe ʻatā ai ʻa Frieda ke foki ki Magdeburg pea ki heʻene ngāue fakafaifekau ki he kakaí ka naʻe ʻikai ke fuoloa. Naʻe toe hoko ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoní ko ha tāketi koeʻuhi ko e fakafaikehekehé, ko e taimi ko ení mei he kau maʻu mafai ʻi he Sone Fakaengāue Sovietí. Ko Gerald Hacke ʻo e Akoʻanga-Hannah-Arendt ʻi he Fekumi ki he Founga-Pule Fakaaoaó ʻokú ne tohi: “Ko e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi kulupu fakasōsiale ʻe niʻihi naʻe meimei fakatangaʻi hokohoko ʻe he ongo pule fakatikitató fakatouʻosi ʻi he kelekele ʻo Siamané.”
Ko e hā ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻo e toe fakafoʻou ʻo e fakafaikehekeheʻí? Ko e ʻīsiu tefitó ai pē ʻo e tuʻu-ʻatā faka-Kalisitiané. ʻI he 1948, naʻe fai ai ha fili ʻi Siamane Hahake, ko ha fili fakahangatonu naʻe fai ʻe he kakaí, pea hangē ko ia ko e fakamatala ʻa Hacke, “ko e tupuʻanga tefito [ʻo e fakatangaʻi ʻo e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová] ko e ʻikai te nau kau ʻi he filí.” ʻI ʻAokosi 1950, naʻe tapui ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ʻi Siamane Hahake. Naʻe puke ai ʻa e laui teau, ʻo kau ai ʻa Frieda.
Naʻe toe ʻi he fakamaauʻangá ai ʻa Frieda pea naʻe tautea ia ki he taʻu ʻe ono ʻi he pilīsoné. “ʻI he taimi ko ení, naʻá ku ʻi ai ai mo ha ngaahi kaungātui, pea ko e feohí naʻe hoko ia ko ha tokoni lahi.” ʻI hono tukuange ia ʻi he 1956, naʻá ne hiki ki Siamane Hihifo. ʻI hono taʻu 90, ʻoku nofo ʻa Frieda he taimí ni ʻi Husum, ʻo kei tauhi ai pē ki he ʻOtua moʻoní, ʻa Sihova.
Naʻe hokosia ʻe Frieda ʻa e taʻu ʻe 23 ʻo e fakatanga ʻi he malumalu ʻo e pule fakatikitato ʻe ua. “Naʻe feinga ʻa e kau Nasí ke fakaʻauha fakaesino au; naʻe feinga ʻa e kau Kominiusí ke maumauʻi ʻa hoku tuʻunga fakaeʻulungāngá. Ko fē naʻá ku maʻu mei ai ʻa e mālohí? Ko e ngaahi tōʻonga ako Tohitapu lelei lolotonga ʻa hono maʻu ʻa e tauʻatāiná, lotu tuʻumaʻu ʻi he nofo mavahé, feohi mo e kaungātuí ʻi ha taimi pē ʻoku malava aí, pea vahevahe atu ʻa ʻeku ngaahi tuí ki he niʻihi kehé ʻi he faingamālie kotoa pē.”
Fāsisí ʻi Hungali
Ko e toe fonua ʻe taha naʻe kātekina ai ʻe he Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ʻi he laui hongofuluʻi taʻu hono fakafaikehekeheʻí ko Hungali. Naʻe hokosia ʻe he niʻihi ʻa e fakatanga ʻo ʻikai ʻi ha pule fakaaoao pē ʻe ua, ka ko e tolu. Ko e fakatātā ʻe taha ko Ádám Szinger. Ko Ádám naʻe fāʻeleʻi ia ʻi Paks, Hungali, ʻi he 1922 pea naʻe ʻohake ia ko ha Palotisani. ʻI he 1937 naʻe ʻaʻahi ai ha Kau Ako Tohitapu ki he ʻapi ʻo Ádám, pea naʻá ne fakahaaʻi ʻi he taimi pē ko iá ʻa e mahuʻingaʻia ʻi heʻenau pōpoakí. Ko e meʻa naʻá ne ako mei he Tohitapú naʻe fakatuipauʻi ai ia ko e ngaahi akonaki ʻa hono siasí naʻe ʻikai ke faka-Tohitapu. Ko ia, naʻá ne mavahe mei he Siasi Palotisaní ʻo kau fakataha mo e Kau Ako Tohitapú ʻi heʻenau ngāue fakafaifekau ki he kakaí.
Naʻe tupulekina ʻa e tākiekina faka-Fāsisí ʻi Hungali. ʻI he taimi lahi, naʻe siofi ai ʻe he kau polisí ʻa Ádám ʻi heʻene malanga fale-ki-he-falé pea puke ia ʻo fakaʻekeʻeke. Naʻe fakalalahi ʻa e tenge ʻo e Kau Fakamoʻoní, pea ʻi he 1939 naʻe tapui ai ʻenau ngaahi ngāué. ʻI he 1942, naʻe puke ai ʻa Ádám, ʻo ʻave ki pilīsone, pea haha lahi. Ko e hā naʻá ne tokoniʻi ia ʻi hono taʻu 19 ke ne kātekina ʻa e faingataʻá mo e ngaahi māhina ʻi he pilīsoné? “Lolotonga ʻeku kei ʻi ʻapí, naʻá ku ako fakalelei ai ʻa e Tohitapú pea maʻu ha mahino tefito fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi taumuʻa ʻa Sihová.” Ko e hili hono tukuange ia mei he pilīsoné naʻe toki papitaiso ai ʻa Ádám ʻo hoko ai ko ha Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová. Naʻe hoko ia ʻi he taimi poʻuli ʻi ʻAokosi 1942, ʻi ha vaitafe ofi ki hono ʻapí.
Pilīsone ʻi Hungali, Kemi Fakapōpula ʻi Sēpia
ʻI he taimi ko ení, lolotonga ʻa e tau hono ua ʻa māmaní, naʻe kau ai ʻa Hungali mo Siamane ʻo fakafepakiʻi ʻa e Sovieti ʻIunioní, pea ʻi he fakatōlau ʻo e 1942, naʻe ui ai ʻa Ádám ki he ngāue fakakautaú. ʻOkú ne fakamatala: “Naʻá ku fakamatala ʻe ʻikai lava ke u ngāue ʻi he sōtiá koeʻuhi ko e meʻa kuó u ako mei he Tohitapú. Naʻá ku fakamatalaʻi ʻa hoku tuʻunga tuʻu-ʻataá.” Naʻe tautea ai ia ki he taʻu ʻe 11 ʻi he pilīsoné. Ka naʻe ʻikai ke fuoloa ʻa Ádám ʻi Hungali.
ʻI he 1943 ko e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihova ʻe toko 160 nai naʻe fakatahatahaʻi kinautolu, ʻo fakaheka ʻi ha ngaahi lafalafa, pea ʻave ʻi he Vaitafe Danube ki Sēpia. Naʻe kau ai ʻa Ádám. ʻI Sēpia ko e kau pōpula ko ení naʻa nau ʻi he taimi ko iá ʻi he malumalu ʻo e Pule Hono Tolu ʻa Hitilaá. Naʻe tuku kinautolu ʻi he kemi fakapōpula ʻi Bor pea fakamālohiʻi ke nau ngāue ʻi ha keliʻanga kopa. ʻI he taʻu nai ʻe taha ki mui ai, naʻe toe fakafoki kinautolu ki Hungali, ʻa ia naʻe fakaʻatā ai ʻa Ádám ʻe he ngaahi kongakau Sovietí ʻi he failau ʻo e 1945.
Hungali ʻi he Malumalu ʻo e Pule Faka-Kominiusí
Ka naʻe ʻikai ke fuoloa ʻa e tauʻatāiná. ʻI he aʻu ki he konga ki mui ʻo e 1940 tupú, naʻe fakangatangata ai ʻe he kau maʻu mafai faka-Kominiusi ʻi Hungalí ʻa e ngaahi ngāue ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová, ʻo hangē tofu pē ko ia naʻe fai ʻe he kau Fāsisí ki muʻa ʻi he taú. ʻI he 1952, ko Ádám, ʻa ia ʻi he taimi ko ení naʻá ne taʻu 29 ai pea ʻosi mali mo e fānau ʻe toko ua, naʻe puke ai ia ʻo tukuakiʻi ki he faihia ʻi heʻene toe fakafisi ki he ngāue fakakautaú. Naʻe fakamatala ʻa Ádám ki he fakamaauʻangá: “ʻOku ʻikai ko e ʻuluaki taimi eni kuó u fakafisi ai mei he ngāue fakakautaú. Lolotonga ʻa e taú, naʻá ku ʻalu ai ki pilīsone pea naʻe fakaheeʻi ai au ki Sēpia ʻi he ʻuhinga tatau. ʻOku ou fakafisi ke kau ʻi he sōtiá koeʻuhi ko hoku konisēnisí. Ko ha Fakamoʻoni au ʻa Sihova, pea ʻoku ou nofoʻaki tuʻu-ʻatā fakapolitikale.” Ko e tautea ʻo Ádám ko e taʻu ʻe valu ʻi he pilīsoné, ʻo fakasiʻisiʻi ki mui ki he taʻu ʻe fā.
Naʻe hokohoko atu hono hokosia ʻe Ádám ʻa e fakafaikehekehé ʻo aʻu ki he vaeuaʻanga ʻo e 1970 tupú, ko e laka hake ia ʻi he taʻu ʻe 35 hili ʻa e ʻuluaki ʻaʻahi ʻa e Kau Ako Tohitapú ki he ʻapi ʻo ʻene ongo mātuʻá. ʻI he kotoa ʻo e taimi ko ení, naʻe tautea ai ia ki he taʻu ʻe 23 ʻo e tuku pōpula ʻe he fakamaauʻanga ʻe ono, ʻo tuku pilīsone ai ia ʻo ʻikai siʻi hifo ʻi he pilīsone mo e kemi ʻe hongofulu. Naʻá ne kātekina ʻa e fakatanga hokohoko ʻi he malumalu ʻo e ngaahi pule ʻe tolu—ko e Fāsisí ki muʻa ʻi he taú ʻi Hungali, Sōsialisi Fakafonua Siamané ʻi Sēpia, mo e kau Kominiusí ʻi he tau-momokó ʻi Hungali.
ʻOku kei nofo pē ʻa Ádám ʻi hono kolo tupuʻangá ʻi Paks, ʻo tauhi mateaki ai ki he ʻOtuá. ʻOkú ne maʻu ha ngaahi malava anga-kehe ʻa ia naʻe fakamafeia ai ia ke ne kātekina ʻa e ngaahi faingataʻá ʻo mātuʻaki ikuná? ʻIkai. ʻOkú ne fakamatala:
“Ko e ako Tohitapú, lotú, mo e feohi mo e ngaahi kaungātuí naʻe mātuʻaki mahuʻinga. Ka te u saiʻia ke fakamamafaʻi ʻa e ongo meʻa kehe ʻe ua. ʻUluakí, ko Sihova ʻa e Matavai ʻo e mālohí. Ko ha vahaʻangatae vāofi mo ia ʻa e haoʻanga ki heʻeku moʻuí. Pea ko hono uá, naʻá ku tauhi maʻu ʻi heʻeku fakakaukaú ʻa e Loma vahe 12, ʻa ia ʻoku pehē ai: ‘ ʻOua te mou sauni hoʻomou ngaahi meʻá.’ Ko ia, ʻoku ʻikai ʻaupito te u tukulotoa ha ʻita. ʻI he taimi lahi naʻá ku maʻu ai ʻa e faingamālie ke sāuniʻi ʻa e faʻahinga naʻa nau fakatangaʻi aú, ka naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito te u fai ia. ʻOku ʻikai totonu ke tau ngāueʻaki ʻa e mālohi ʻoku ʻomai ʻe Sihova kia kitautolú ke totongiʻaki e kovi ʻa e kovi.”
Ko ha Ngataʻanga ki he Fakatangá Kotoa
Ko Frieda mo Ádám ʻokú na malava he taimí ni ke lotu kia Sihova ʻo ʻikai taʻofi. Ko ia ai, ko e hā ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi meʻa naʻe hokosia hangē ko ia naʻe hoko kia kinauá ʻo fekauʻaki mo e fakatanga fakalotú? Ko e fakatanga peheé ʻoku taʻelavameʻa—ʻi hono fai ʻi ha tuʻunga ki he kau Kalisitiane moʻoní. Lolotonga naʻe fakaʻauha ʻa e koloa lahi pea fakatupunga ʻa e faingataʻaʻia fakamamahi ʻi hono fakatangaʻi ʻo e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová, naʻe ʻikai te ne lava ke fakahoko ʻa ʻene taumuʻá. ʻI he ʻahó ni, ko e Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ʻoku nau lakalakaimonū ʻi ʻIulope ʻa ia naʻe pule ai ʻi ha taimi ʻa e ongo pule fakatikitato lalahí.
Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e tali ʻa e Kau Fakamoʻoní ki he fakatangá? Hangē ko ia ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe he fakamatala ʻa Frieda mo Ádám, naʻá na ngāueʻaki ʻa e akonaki ʻa e Tohitapú: “ʻOua naʻa tuku ke ikuna koe ʻe he kovi, ka ke ikuna ʻa e kovi ʻaki ʻa e lelei.” (Loma 12:21) ʻE lava moʻoni ʻe he leleí ke ikunaʻi ʻa e koví? ʻIo, ʻi he taimi ʻoku tupu ai mei ha tui mālohi ki he ʻOtuá. Ko e ikunaʻi ʻe he Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová ʻa e fakatanga ʻi ʻIulopé ko ha ikuna ia ʻa e laumālie ʻo e ʻOtuá, ko ha fakahāhā ia ʻo e mālohi ki he leleí tupu mei he tui ʻoku fakatupu ʻe he laumālie māʻoniʻoní ʻi he kau Kalisitiane anga-fakatōkilaló. (Kaletia 5:22, 23) ʻI he māmani fakamālohi ʻo e ʻaho ní, ko ha lēsoni ia ʻe lava ke fakakaukau fakamātoato ki ai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa.
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 5]
Ko Frieda Jess (ko Thiele ia he taimí ni) ʻi he taimi ʻo hono puke iá pea ʻi he taimí ni
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 7]
Ko Ádám Szinger ʻi he taimi ʻo hono tuku pilīsone iá pea ʻi he taimí ni