Ko ha Tokotaha Fakatuʻamelie Koe pe Fakatuʻatamaki?
“KO E lelei taha ia ʻi he taimí, ko e kovi taha ia ʻi he taimí, . . . ko e faʻahitaʻu failau ia ʻo e ʻamanakí, ko e taimi taʻengāue ia ʻi he ʻikai ha ʻamanakí, naʻa tau maʻu ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē, naʻe ʻikai te tau maʻu ha meʻa.” Ko e lea kamata ʻa e tohi, faʻu mataotao taha ʻa Charles Dickens ko e A Tale of Two Cities ʻoku fakafaikehekeheʻi pōtoʻi ai ʻa e lava ke uesia ʻi he ʻū meʻa ʻoku hokó ʻa ʻetau fakakaukaú, ʻetau ongoʻí, mo ʻetau vakaí.
Ko e ongo kolo lalahi naʻe lave ki aí ko Lonitoni mo Pālesi, ʻi he lolotonga ʻa e maveuveu ʻi he Liukava ʻa Falaniseé. Ki he tangataʻifonua lōmekina ʻo Falanisē ʻi he senituli hono 18, ko hono fanongonongo ko ia ʻe he liukavá ʻa e totonu ʻa e tangatá naʻe hoko moʻoni ia ko ha “faʻahitaʻu failau ʻo e ʻamanakí.” Ka ki he faʻahinga ko ia ʻi he tuʻunga fakapolitikale ki muʻa he Liukavá, pe ko e fokotuʻutuʻu fakapolitikale ne holomuí, naʻe hoko ko ha “taimi taʻengāue ia ʻi he ʻikai ha ʻamanakí,” ʻo iku atu ki he mate mo e ʻauha.
Fakatuʻamelie pe fakatuʻatamaki? Naʻe fakatuʻunga kotoa pē ia mei he tafaʻaki naʻá ke ʻi aí. Pea ʻoku kei pehē pē.
Taimi ʻo e Sivisiviʻi Kita
Ko ha tokotaha fakatuʻamelie koe? ʻOkú ke sio atu ki he tafaʻaki fakafiefia ʻo e moʻuí, ʻo fakatuʻotuʻa atu maʻu pē ki he lelei tahá? Pe ʻokú ke hehema ke hoko ʻo fakatuʻatamaki, ʻo taʻepau ʻa hoʻo vakai atu ki he meʻa ka hoko maí, ʻo ʻamanaki ki he lelei tahá ka ʻi he taimi tatau ʻokú ke ʻamanekina ʻa e kovi tahá?
ʻI he taʻu ʻe onongofulu kuohilí, naʻe fakanounou ai ʻe he tokotaha faʻu tohi talanoa ko James Branch Cabell ʻa e ongo filosofia fepakipakí ʻo peheni: “ʻOku fanongonongo ʻe he tokotaha fakatuʻamelié ʻoku tau moʻui ʻi he sōsaieti lelei taha ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻoku ala lavá; pea ʻoku manavahē ʻa e tokotaha fakatuʻatamakí ia ki he moʻoni ʻo e meʻá ni.” Kapau ʻokú ke ongoʻi ko ha fakakaukau taʻefalalaʻanga ʻeni, sivisiviʻi ʻa e ongo tafaʻaki lelei mo e kovi ʻo ha tafaʻaki pē ʻe tolu ʻo e māmani ʻi he ʻaho ní, hangē ko ia ko hono ʻoatu ʻi laló. ʻAnalaiso leva hoʻo talí, pea ʻeke hifo, ‘Ko ha tokotaha fakatuʻamelie au pe fakatuʻatamaki?’
Melino Tuʻuloa: Ko e feituʻu vāvākovi ʻe fiha ʻi he māmaní ʻoku lava ke ke ʻiló? Ko ʻAealani, ko ʻIukosilāvia ki muʻá, ko e Hahake Lotolotó, Pulunitī, Luanitā—ʻoku hoko mai pē ʻo ʻikai toe tatali ki he fakakaukaú ʻa e ʻū fonuá ni. ʻE faifai pea lava ʻo fakaleleiʻi ʻa e ʻū fonuá ni mo e ngaahi fekeʻikeʻi kehé ke fakapapauʻi ha melino fakalūkufua, tuʻumaʻu? ʻOku huʻu ki ha melino ʻa e māmaní?
Tuʻumaʻu Fakaʻikonōmika: ʻI he ʻamanaki ki he fāitaha ʻi he tuʻunga fakaepaʻangá ʻi he aʻu ki he 1999, ʻoku fehangahangai mafatukituki ʻa e ʻū fonua Fakatahataha ʻi ʻIulopé mo e palopalema ʻi he tōlalo fakaepaʻangá mo e nō paʻanga ʻa e puleʻangá. ʻI ha feituʻu kehe, ʻoku keina ai ʻe he kākaá ʻa e faʻunga fakaʻikonōmika ʻa e ngaahi puleʻanga ʻAmeliká mo ʻAfiliká, ʻoku hilifaki ai ʻe he tōlalo fakapaʻangá ha kavenga meimei taʻealalavaʻi, pea ʻoku kei māvahevahe ai ʻa e kakaí ʻi he palopalema fakamatakalí. ʻOku ʻi muʻa siʻi mai pē ha tuʻunga fakaʻikonōmika tuʻumaʻu?
Taʻemaʻu Ngāue: ʻI he fili fakapuleʻanga he 1997, naʻe fakatahataha ai ʻa e ngaahi siasi ʻi Pilitāniá ke fakaʻaiʻai ʻa e ngaahi kulupu fakapolitikalé kotoa ke fakamuʻomuʻa ʻa hono fakangāueʻi ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ʻi heʻenau ngaahi ʻāsenitá. Ka ʻi he meimei peseti ʻe 30 ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e kau ngāue ʻi he māmaní ʻoku ʻikai haʻanau ngāue pe maʻu ha ngāue feʻungá, ʻe lava ke ʻi ai ha ngāue tuʻuloa mo kakato—tautefito maʻá e fānaú?
He faingofua ē ke ongoʻi fakatuʻatamaki! Ka ʻoku ʻi ai ha tafaʻaki fakafiefia, pea ʻoku mau fakaafeʻi atu koe ke ke vakai angé ki he founga ʻoku malava ai ke fakatupulekina ha fakakaukau fakatuʻamelié.
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 3]
Ko e Liukava ʻa Falaniseé
[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā]
Mei he tohi ko e Pictorial History of the World