Sīsū Kalaisi—Fakamoʻoni Naʻá Ne ʻAʻeva ʻi he Māmaní
ʻOKÚ KE tui ki he ʻi ai ha tangata naʻe hingoa ko Albert Einstein? Te ke tali ʻio nai ʻikai ha toumoua, ka ko e hā hono ʻuhingá? Ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e kakaí kuo ʻikai te nau feʻiloaki tonu mo ia. Neongo ia, ko e ngaahi līpooti alafalalaʻanga ʻo ʻene ngaahi lavameʻá ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ai naʻá ne ʻi ai. Ko e tākiekina ʻo ʻene ʻi aí ʻoku lava ke hā ia fakafou ʻi he ngaahi ngāueʻaki fakasaienisi ʻo e ngaahi meʻa naʻá ne ʻiló. Hangē ko ení, ʻoku maʻu ʻaonga ʻa e tokolahi mei he ʻuhila ʻoku faʻu ʻe he ivi niukiliá, ko hono tukuange mai iá ʻoku fehokotaki vāofi ia mo hono ngāueʻaki ʻo e tuʻunga ʻekuasi ʻiloa ʻa Einstein, ko e E=mc2 (ko e iví ʻoku tatau ia mo e mamafá liunga ʻaki ʻa e sikuea ʻo e vave ʻo e māmá).
ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻa e fakaʻuhinga tatau kia Sīsū Kalaisi, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻiloʻi ko e tangata faitākiekina lahi taha ia ʻi he hisitōliá. Ko e meʻa naʻe tohi fekauʻaki mo iá pea mo e fakamoʻoni hāmai ʻo e tākiekina naʻá ne faí ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi taʻetoeveiveiua ai naʻá ne ʻi ai. Neongo ʻoku mahuʻinga ʻa e ʻilo fakaʻāsioloki ki muí ni ʻo e tohi tongi ʻo Sēmisí, ʻa ia naʻe fakamatalaʻi ʻi he kupu ki muʻá, ko e moʻoni fakahisitōlia ʻo Sīsuú ʻoku ʻikai fakatuʻunga ia ʻi he meʻá ni pe ko ha toe meʻa kehe naʻe faʻu. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻe lava ke tau maʻu ʻa e fakamoʻoni ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa Sīsuú ʻi he meʻa naʻe tohi ʻe he kau faihisitōlia fakaemāmaní ʻo fekauʻaki mo ia pea mo hono kau muimuí.
Fakamoʻoni ʻa e Kau Faihisitōliá
Hangē ko ení, fakakaukau angé ki he fakamoʻoni ʻa Feleiviasi Siosifasi, ko ha faihisitōlia Siu ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí ʻa ia ko ha Fālesi. Naʻá ne lave kia Sīsū Kalaisi ʻi he tohi Jewish Antiquities. Neongo ʻoku veiveiua ʻa e niʻihi fekauʻaki mo e moʻoni ʻo e ʻuluaki fakamatala ʻa ia naʻe lave ai ʻa Siosifasi kia Sīsū ko e Mīsaiá, ko Palōfesa Louis H. Feldman ʻo e ʻUnivēsiti Yeshiva ʻokú ne pehē ko e tokosiʻi pē kuo nau veiveiua ʻi he tuʻunga moʻoni ʻo e fakamatala hono uá. Naʻe pehē ai ʻe Siosifasi: “[Ko ʻAnanaia ko e taulaʻeiki lahí] naʻá ne fakatahatahaʻi ʻa e kau fakamaau ʻo e Sanetalimí pea ʻomai ki honau ʻaó ha tangata naʻe hingoa ko Sēmisi, ko e tokoua ʻo Sīsū ʻa ia naʻe ui ko e Kalaisí.” (Jewish Antiquities, XX, 200) ʻIo, ko ha Fālesi, ko ha mēmipa ʻo e lotu mavahe ʻa ia ko e tokolahi ʻo hono kau muimuí ko e ngaahi fili mahino ʻo Sīsuú, naʻá ne fakahaaʻi ʻa e ʻi ai ʻa “Sēmisi, ko e tokoua ʻo Sīsū.”
Ko e tākiekina ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa Sīsuú naʻe tapua mai ia ʻi he ngaahi ngāue ʻa hono kau muimuí. ʻI he taimi naʻe tuku pilīsone ai ʻa e ʻapositolo ko Paulá ʻi Loma ʻi he 59 T.S. nai, ko e kau tangata tuʻu-ki-muʻa ʻi he kau Siú naʻa nau tala ange kiate ia: “Ko e meʻa ki he faʻahi [“lotu mavahe,” NW] ko ia, ko e meʻa pe ʻoku mau ʻilo ki ai, hono lauʻi ʻi he potu kotoa pe.” (Ngāue 28:17-22) Naʻa nau ui ʻa e kau ākonga ʻa Sīsuú ko e “lotu mavahe ko ia.” Kapau naʻe lauʻi kinautolu ʻi he potu kotoa pē, ngalingali ʻe fakamatala ʻa e kau faihisitōlia fakamāmaní fekauʻaki mo kinautolu, ʻikai ko ia?
Ko Tasitusi, naʻe fāʻeleʻi ʻi he 55 T.S. nai pea naʻe lau ia ko e taha ʻo e kau faihisitōlia lahi taha ʻi he māmaní, naʻá ne lave ki he kau Kalisitiané ʻi heʻene Annals. ʻI he fakamatala fekauʻaki mo hono tukuakiʻi kinautolu ʻe Nelo ki he vela lahi ʻa Loma ʻi he 64 T.S., naʻá ne tohi: “Naʻe fokotuʻu maʻu ʻe Nelo ʻa e tukuakiʻí pea hilifaki ʻa e ngaahi fakamamahi lahi tahá ki ha kalasi naʻe fehiʻanekinaʻi ʻi heʻenau ngaahi faikoví, naʻe ui ʻe he kakaí ko e kau Kalisitiané. Ko Kilisitō, ʻa ia naʻe tupu mei ai ʻa e hingoá, naʻá ne fuesia ha tautea lahi fakaʻulia lolotonga ʻa e pule ʻa Taipilioó, ʻi he nima ʻo e taha ʻo hotau kau fakafofonga ko Ponitō Pailató.” Ko e ngaahi fakaikiiki ʻo e fakamatala ko ení ʻoku tatau ia mo e fakamatala fekauʻaki mo e Sīsū ʻo e Tohitapú.
Ko ha faʻu-tohi ʻe taha ʻa ia naʻá ne fakamatala ki he kau muimui ʻo Sīsuú ko Pilini ko e Siʻi, ko e kōvana ʻo Pitiniá. ʻI he taʻu 111 T.S. nai, naʻe tohi ai ʻa Pilini kia ʻEmipola Talāseni, ʻo ʻeke ʻa e meʻa ke fai ki he kau Kalisitiané. Ko e kakai naʻe tukuakiʻi loi ko e kau Kalisitiané, ko e tohi ia ʻa Piliní, te nau toe leaʻaki ha kole ki he ngaahi ʻotuá pea lotu ki he maka fakamanatu ʻo Talāsení, ke fakamoʻoniʻi pē naʻe ʻikai ko e kau Kalisitiane kinautolu. Naʻe hoko atu ʻa Pilini: “ʻOku pehē, naʻe ʻikai ha fakamālohiʻi ʻo e faʻahinga ʻa ia ko e kau Kalisitiane moʻoní, ki ha taha ʻo e ngaahi fiemaʻu ko ení.” ʻOku fakamoʻoni ʻa e meʻa ko iá ki he moʻoni ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa e Kalaisí, ʻa ia ko hono kau muimuí ne nau mateuteu ke foaki ʻenau moʻuí koeʻuhi ko ʻenau tui kiate iá.
Hili hono fakanounouʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakamatala kia Sīsū Kalaisi mo hono kau muimuí ʻe he kau faihisitōlia ʻo e ʻuluaki ongo senitulí, ʻoku fakaʻosiʻaki ʻe he Encyclopædia Britannica (pulusinga 2002): “Ko e ngaahi fakamatala tauʻatāina ko ení ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ai ʻi he kuonga muʻá naʻa mo e kau fakafepaki ʻo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito te nau veiveiua ʻi he moʻoni fakahisitōlia ʻo Sīsuú, ʻa ia naʻe fakakikihiʻi ia ʻi he ʻuluaki taimí pea ʻi he ngaahi makatuʻunga taʻefeʻunga ʻi he ngataʻanga ʻo e senituli hono 18, lolotonga ʻa e senituli hono 19, pea ʻi he kamataʻanga ʻo e senituli hono 20.”
Fakamoʻoni ʻa e Kau Muimui ʻo Sīsuú
“ʻOku ʻomai ʻe he Fuakava Foʻoú ʻa e meimei fakamoʻoni kotoa ki ha toe faʻu fakahisitōlia ʻo e moʻui mo e ikuʻanga ʻo Sīsuú pea ki he ngaahi fakaʻuhinga faka-Kalisitiane muʻomuʻa taha fekauʻaki mo ʻene mahuʻingá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e Encyclopedia Americana. ʻE ʻikai nai tali ʻe he kau tui veiveiuá ko e Tohitapú ko e fakamoʻoni ia ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa Sīsuú. Neongo ia, ko e fakaʻuhinga ʻe ua makatuʻunga ʻi he ngaahi fakamatala Fakatohitapú ʻoku tokoni tautefito ke fakamoʻoniʻiʻaki naʻe ʻaʻeva moʻoni ʻa Sīsū ʻi he māmaní.
Hangē ko ia kuo tau ʻiloʻí, ko e ngaahi fakamahalo lahi ʻa Einstein ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ai naʻá ne ʻi ai. ʻI he tuʻunga tatau, ko e ngaahi akonaki ʻa Sīsuú ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ai ʻa e moʻoni ʻo ʻene ʻi aí. Ko e fakatātaá ko e Malanga ko ia ʻi he Moʻungá, ko ha malanga ʻiloa naʻe fai ʻe Sīsū. (Mātiu, vahe 5-7) Naʻe tohi ʻa e ʻapositolo ko Mātiú fekauʻaki mo e maongo ʻa e malanga ko iá: “Naʻe toʻoa ʻa e kakai ʻi heʻene fai: he ko e anga o ʻene faiako kiate kinautolu naʻe ngali ko ha pule ia.” (Mātiu 7:28, 29) ʻI he fekauʻaki mo e ola naʻe fai ʻe he malangá ki he kakaí ʻi he faai mai ʻa e ngaahi senitulí, naʻe pehē ʻe Palōfesa Hans Dieter Betz: “Ko e ngaahi tākiekina naʻe fai ʻe he Malanga ʻi he Moʻungá ʻoku fakalaka mamaʻo ange ia ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga fakangatangata ʻo e lotu faka-Siú mo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané, pe naʻa mo e tōʻonga Fakahihifó.” Naʻá ne tānaki mai ko e malanga ko ení ʻoku ʻi ai “ha fakamānako anga-kehe fakalūkufua.”
Fakakaukau angé ki he ngaahi lea nounou mo ʻaonga hono hoko ʻo e potó ʻoku maʻu ʻi he Malanga he Moʻungá: “ʻO ka sipiʻi ʻe ha taha ho kouʻahe toʻomataʻu, hanga koe, ʻo fulihi ki ai ho toʻohema.” “Vakai, telia naʻa mou fai hoʻomou toʻonga fakalotu ke hā ki he kakai.” “ʻOua te mou lotomoʻua koeʻuhi ko e ʻapongipongi, he ʻe moʻua ʻa e ʻapongipongi ʻi he meʻa ko ia.” “ʻOua naʻa . . . laku hoʻomou ngāhi mataʻitofe ki he fanga puaka.” “Kole, pea ʻe foaki kiate kimoutolu.” “ʻIlonga ha meʻa ʻoku mou loto ke fai ʻe he kakai kiate kimoutolu, fai pehe foki kiate kinautolu.” “Mou hu ʻi he matapa fāsiʻi.” “Ko honau ngāhi fua te mou ʻilo lelei ai kinautolu.” “ʻIlonga ha ʻakau lelei ʻoku ne fua ʻaonga.”—Mātiu 5:39; 6:1, 34; 7:6, 7, 12, 13, 16, 17.
ʻOku ʻikai ha veiveiua kuó ke fanongo ʻi he niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi kupuʻi leá ni pe ko honau poini tefitó. Mahalo pē kuo nau hoko ko e ngaahi palōveepi ʻi hoʻo leá. Ko e toʻo kotoa eni mei he Malanga ʻi he Moʻungá. Ko e tākiekina kuo fai ʻe he malanga ko ení ki he kakaí mo e tōʻonga fakafonua lahi ʻoku fakamoʻoni mālohi ia ki he ʻi ai ʻa e “faiako lahí.”
Tau fakaʻuta atu angé naʻe faʻu ʻe ha taha ha tokotaha naʻe ui ko Sīsū Kalaisi. Tau pehē naʻe poto feʻunga ʻa e tokotaha ko iá ʻi hono faʻu ʻa e ngaahi akonaki ʻoku taku naʻe fai ʻe Sīsū ʻi he Tohitapú. ʻIkai te ne faʻu ke ʻai ʻa Sīsū mo ʻene ngaahi akonakí ke ala tali ʻo ka malava ʻe he kakaí fakalūkufua? Neongo ia, naʻe pehē ʻe he ʻapositolo ko Paulá: “Oku tagi e he kakai Jiu ki ha mea fakaofo, bea oku kumi e he kakai Kiliki ki he boto: Ka oku mau malaga aki a Kalaisi nae tutuki ki he akau, koe tūkiaaga ki he kakai Jiu, bea ki he kakai Kiliki koe vale.” (1 Kolinito 1:22, 23, PM) Ko e pōpoaki ʻo Kalaisi naʻe tutukí naʻe ʻikai manakoa ia ʻe he kau Siú pe ko e Senitailé. Neongo ia, ko e Kalaisi ia naʻe fanongonongo ʻe he kau Kalisitiane ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí. Ko e hā naʻa nau fakamatala ai fekauʻaki mo e Kalaisi naʻe tutukí? Ko e fakamatala fakafiemālié pē ko e pehē ko e kau faʻu-tohi ʻo e Ngaahi Konga Tohitapu Faka-Kalisi Kalisitiané naʻa nau lēkooti ʻa e meʻa moʻoni fekauʻaki mo e moʻui mo e pekia ʻa Sīsuú.
Ko e toe ʻuhinga ʻe taha ʻokú ne poupouʻi ʻa e moʻoni fakahisitōlia ʻo Sīsuú ʻoku maʻu ia ʻi he malanga taʻehelaʻia ʻa hono kau muimuí fekauʻaki mo ʻene ngaahi akonakí. ʻOku fakafuofua ko e taʻu pē ʻe 30 hili hono kamata ʻe Sīsū ʻa ʻene ngāue fakafaifekaú, naʻe lava ke pehē ai ʻe Paula ko e ongoongo leleí “ne malangaʻaki ki he meʻa moʻui kotoa pe ʻi he lalo langi.” (Kolose 1:23) ʻIo, ko e ngaahi akonaki ʻa Sīsuú naʻe mafola ia ʻi he māmani motuʻá kotoa neongo ʻa e fakafepakí. Ko Paula, ʻa ia ko ia tonu naʻe fakatangaʻi ʻi hono tuʻunga ko ha Kalisitiané, naʻá ne tohi: “Kapau kuo ʻikai fokotuʻu ʻa Kalaisi, pea ta ko e laufanō ʻemau malanga, ko e laufanō foki [ʻemau] tui.” (1 Kolinito 15:12-17) Kapau ko hono malangaʻi ʻo ha Kalaisi kuo ʻikai fokotuʻu hake ʻe hoko ko e laufanō, ʻi hono malangaʻi ʻo ha Kalaisi ʻa ia naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito ʻi ai ne mei hoko ko e laufanō lahi ange ia. ʻI heʻetau lau ko ia ʻa e līpooti ʻa Pilini ko e Siʻí, ko e kau Kalisitiane ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí naʻa nau loto-lelei ke mate maʻa ʻenau tui kia Kalaisi Sīsuú. Naʻa nau tuku ʻenau moʻuí ki ha tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki maʻa Kalaisi koeʻuhí ko ha tokotaha moʻoni ia; naʻá ne ʻaʻeva ʻi he māmaní pea naʻá ne moʻui ʻo hangē ko e lēkooti ʻa e ngaahi fakamatala Kōsipelí.
Kuo Mou Mamata ki he Fakamoʻoní
Ko e tui ki he toetuʻu ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí ʻa e meʻa pau ki he malanga faka-Kalisitiané. ʻI he mata ʻo hoʻo mahinó, ko koe foki ʻe lava ke ke sioloto atu kia Sīsū kuo toetuʻú ʻi he sio ki he maongo ʻo e meʻa kuó ne fai ʻi he ʻaho ní.
Ki muʻa pē ke tutuki ʻa Sīsuú, naʻá ne ʻomai ai ha kikite kāfakafa fekauʻaki mo ʻene ʻi ai ʻi he kahaʻú. Naʻá ne toe fakahaaʻi ʻe fokotuʻu hake ia pea te ne nofo ʻi he nima toʻomataʻu ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻo tatali ai ki he taimi ke feangai ai mo hono ngaahi filí. (Sāme 110:1; Sione 6:62; Ngāue 2:34, 35; Loma 8:34) Hili iá, te ne fai ʻa e ngāue pea kapusi ʻa Sētane mo ʻene kau tēmenioó mei hēvani.—Fakahā 12:7-9.
ʻE hoko kotoa ia ʻafē? Naʻe ʻoange ʻe Sīsū ki heʻene kau ākongá ‘ʻa e fakaʻilonga ʻo ʻene ha maí [“ʻi aí,” NW] mo e fakaʻosiʻosi ʻo e kuongá.’ Ko e fakaʻilonga ke ʻiloʻi ai ʻene ʻi ai taʻehāmaí naʻe kau ai ʻa e ngaahi tau lahi, ngaahi nounou fakameʻatokoni, ngaahi mofuike, ko e ʻasi ʻa e kau palōfita loi, ko ha tupulaki ʻa e maumau-laó, mo e ngaahi mahaki fakaʻauha lahi. Ko e ngaahi meʻa fakamamahi peheé naʻe pau ke ʻamanekina ia, he ko hono kapusi ʻo Sētane ko e Tēvoló ʻe ʻuhinga iá ko e “ʻoiaue ʻa e fonua.” Kuo hoko hifo ʻa e Tēvoló ki he feituʻu ʻo e māmaní “ʻoku ne ʻita lahi, ko ʻene ʻilo, ʻoku toesiʻi pe hono taimi.” Tānaki atu ki ai, ʻoku kau ʻi he fakaʻilongá ʻa hono malangaʻi ʻo e ongoongo lelei ʻo e Puleʻangá “ki mamani katoa . . . ke ai ha fakamatala ki he ngāhi kakai kotoa pe.”—Mātiu 24:3-14; Fakahā 12:12; Luke 21:7-19.
ʻI he hangē ko e fanga kiʻi kongokonga mavahevahe ʻo ha pāsolo ʻoku fokotuʻutuʻu fakatahá, ko e ngaahi meʻa naʻe kikiteʻi ʻe Sīsuú kuo hoko ia. Talu mei he mapuna ʻa e Tau I ʻa Māmaní ʻi he 1914, kuo tau mamata ki he fakamoʻoni fetuiaki ʻo e ʻi ai taʻehāmai ʻa Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻOkú ne pule ko e Tuʻi ʻo e Puleʻanga ʻo e ʻOtuá pea ʻokú ne fakahoko ʻa e tākiekina lahi fakaʻulia. Ko e moʻoniʻi meʻa ko ia ʻa hoʻo pukepuke ʻo e makasini ko ení ko e fakamoʻoni ia ko e ngāue malangaʻi ʻo e Puleʻangá ʻoku fakahoko ia he ʻahó ni.
Ke mahinoʻi lahi ange ʻa e ola ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa Sīsuú, ʻoku fiemaʻu ke ke ako ʻa e Tohitapú. Ko e hā ʻoku ʻikai te ke fehuʻi ai ki he Kau Fakamoʻoni ʻa Sihová fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi fakaikiiki ʻo e ʻi ai ʻa Sīsuú?
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 5]
Ko Siosifasi, Tasitusi, mo Pilini ko e Siʻí naʻa nau lave kia Sīsū Kalaisi mo hono kau muimuí
[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā]
Tā kotoa ʻe tolú: © Bettmann/CORBIS
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 7]
Naʻe tuipau ʻa e muʻaki kau Kalisitiané ko ha tokotaha moʻoni ʻa Sīsū