Wiase Nsɛm
Sikasɛm mu Ahokyere
Michel Hansenne, Amanaman Ntam Adwumayɛfo Ahyehyɛde (ILO) no panyin ka sɛ: “Bere a edi kan wɔ 1930 mfe no mu ahokyere akyi no, aman a anya mfiridwuma mu nkɔanim ne aman a wonnyaa nkɔso pii hyia adwuma a wonnya nyɛ ho nsɛnnennen.” Sɛnea Jornal da Tarde kyerɛ no: “Wiase no mu adwumayɛfo mu ɔha biara mu nkyem aduasa—nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 820—nyɛ adwuma anaasɛ wonni adwuma a wɔyɛ daa.” Jornal do Brasil ka ILO amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa Latin Amerika ho no ho asɛm sɛ: “Wɔn a wɔfrɛ wɔn ‘bere tiaa mu’ adwumayɛfo—adwumayɛfo a wonni adwuma a wɔyɛ no daa, wɔn akatua nye—a wɔyɛ kɔfe ho adwuma, wotwa ahwerew, wɔtetew asaawa, nnuaba ne fan ahorow ma wɔkɔtɔn wɔ amannɔne no adɔɔso yiye.”
Sukuu mu Nhyɛso Ntraso
Abarimaa bi a wɔpam no fii Kobe Mpɔtam Mmofra Tɛknikal Kɔlege a ɛwɔ Japan mu no de hokwan a ɔwɔ sɛ ɔkɔ sukuu ho adesrɛ ato gua. Esiane n’ahonim a egyina ɔsom so sɛ Yehowa Adansefo mu biako nti, wamfa ne ho anhyɛ kendo (Japanfo afoa akodi) ho nsrabɔ a wɔkyerɛkyerɛ sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho adesua no mu. Sukuu no pamoo no bere a wɔkyerɛe sɛ wammɔ mmɔden wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho adesua mu, ɛwom mpo sɛ na ɔwɔ din sɛ sukuuni nhomanimfo kɛse de. Ɔdenimfo Tetsuo Shimomura a ɔwɔ Tsukuba Sukuupɔn mu kae wɔ Yomiuri Shimbun mu sɛ: “Ɛbɔ sukuu mu ‘atɛmpa’ nyinaa abira sɛ wɔbɛpam sukuuni bi de atwe n’aso wɔ sukuu adesua bi a wammɔ mmɔden wom ho bere a ɔnhaw adwene wɔ ɔkwan foforo biara so, na mmom ɛkaa kakraa bi ansa na wanya nea wɔhwehwɛ wɔ adesua biako pɔtee bi mu nti.” Ɔkyerɛe sɛ wɔnyɛ fakaa na afei ɔkae sɛ: “Nea ɛhaw adwene wɔ asɛm yi mu ne nhyɛso ntraso a ase atim a sukuu no kɔ so yi adi no.”
“Abrabɔ mu Nkogudi Akɛse a Ɛwɔ Abakɔsɛm Mu”
Sɛnkyerɛwfo James Carroll kyerɛw wɔ The Boston Globe no mu sɛ: “Edin a Vatican agye wɔ Okunkɛse no mu no yɛ abrabɔ mu nkogudi akɛse a ɛwɔ abakɔsɛm mu no mu biako—nea Katolek Asɔre no ankasa ntumi nnii so.” Ɔkyerɛw abakɔsɛm mu nokwasɛm a edidi so yi de gyina n’asɛm no akyi: “1929—Lateran Apam a Mussolini ne Pius XI yɛe no ma Vatican nya ahofadi ne sika, na wɔma Mussolini nya edin a ehia no. [1933]—Vatican de nsa hyɛɛ ɛne Hitler ntam Apam no ase, amanaman ntam nkonim a edi kan a odii. . . . 1935—Mussolini tu Abyssinia so sa. Katolekfo asɔfo mpanyin hyira Italiafo asraafo . . . 1939—Mussolini hyɛ mmara de twa hokwan ahorow a Italy Yudafo wɔ no mu. Pope no anka ho hwee. . . . 1942—Pope no te Yudafo a wɔretɔre wɔn ase ho asɛm fi asraafo asɔfo hɔ. Ogyam ‘nnipa a wɔadi amia’ a mmusua a wofi mu nti na wokunkum wɔn no wɔ ne Buronya nkrasɛm no mu, nanso ɔmmɔ Hitler, Germany anaasɛ nnadeban no din. Bio nso, ɔmfa asɛmfua ‘Yuda’ no nni dwuma. . . . 1943—Germanfo fi ase kyekyere Yudafo a wɔwɔ Italy, wɔ Rome a ɛbɛn Vatican no mpo. Pope no anka ho hwee ara.”
So Ɛsɛ sɛ Katolek Asɔre no Da Ahonu Adi?
Wɔ Pope John Paul II krataa a ɔde kɔmaa Katolek asɔfopɔn no mu no, otuu Katolek Asɔre no fo sɛ ennye bɔne ahorow a “emu nnipa yɛe wɔ ne din mu” no ntom na wonnu wɔn ho wɔ ho. La Repubblica a wotintim wɔ Rome no ka sɛ pope no gye tom sɛ asɔre no de “ahunahuna a ɛsɛe hokwan a nnipa wɔ” a “afeha a ɛto so 20 yi mu kankabi nniso horow de dii dwuma saa bere no” dii dwuma. Nanso dɛn na ɛho hia sɛ Katolek Asɔre no nu ne ho wɔ ho? Vatican nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔfo Marco Politi ka sɛ: “Wɔ nneɛma pii ho. Nnipa a wɔne wɔn adwene nhyia a ɔtaa wɔn kyekyeree wɔn, ɔsom mu atuatewfo a wɔde wɔn kɔe ma wɔhyew wɔn wɔ dua ho, nyansahufo ne wɔn a wɔmpɛ nyamesom a wɔde ayayade hunahunaa wɔn, mmoa a wɔde maa Fasistfo nniso horow, nnipa pii a wokunkum wɔn wɔ Atɔe Fam wɔ Mmeamudua sɛnkyerɛnne no ase ho,” sɛ yɛnka “ne ho a ebu sɛ ɛne ahyehyɛde a edi mu, nea wɔde ahonim so tumi koraa ahyɛ ne nsa,” ne “gyidi a na ɛwɔ bere bi wɔ abakɔsɛm mu sɛ pope no ne Kristo nanmusini—nyamekyerɛ mu abususɛm”—no ho asɛm a.
Wogyae Asɔre no Kɔ Foforo
Asɔfo pii regyae England Asɔre no. Dɛn ntia? The Toronto Star ka sɛ: “Nea ɛda adi sɛ ama aba saa ne gyinae a asɛm wɔ ho a England Asɔre no sii sɛ wɔnhyɛ mmea asɔfo no.” Star no ka sɛ: “Anglikan asɔfo bɛboro 130 agyae asɔre no dedaw. Mprempren ɛte sɛ nea afoforo rebegyae.” Anglikan asɔfo mpanyin baason ne asɔfo bɛboro 700 rehwehwɛ sɛnea wobetumi akɔdɔm Katolek Asɔre no mu. Efi Wiase Ko I reba no, mmoa a wɔde ma England Asɔre no so atew nkakrankakra. Wɔ England no, nnipa ɔpepem 20 a wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔyɛ Anglikanfo a wɔabɔ wɔn asu no mu ɔpepem biako pɛ na wɔkɔ asɔre Kwasida. Mmere a emu yɛ den reba. Ɛda adi sɛ wɔbɛkɔ so agyae asɔre no.
Ɛka Kɛse a Wɔbɔ wɔ Nsɛmmɔnedi Ho
Amanneɛbɔ bi a Nsɛmmɔnedi ho Adesuabea a ɛwɔ Australia de too gua daa no adi sɛ ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ nsɛmmɔnedi ho wɔ Australia no yɛ dɔla ɔpepepem 26 afe biara. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɔbarima, ɔbea ne abofra biara a ɔwɔ Australia no tua $1,300. Ɔkasamafo bi a wɔfaa n’asɛm kae wɔ Sydney atesɛm krataa Sunday Telegraph mu no kae sɛ nsɛmmɔnedi a wɔbɔ ho ka sen biara ne amimdi—ɛreyɛ adu dɔla ɔpepepem 14 afe biara. Ɛka afoforo ho akontaabu ni: awudi, dɔla ɔpepem 275; nnuru a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so, dɔla ɔpepem 1,200; adan a wobu n’apon ani kɔ mu, dɔla ɔpepem 893; ne, nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, aguadidan mu korɔnbɔ, bɛyɛ dɔla ɔpepepem 1.5. Amanneɛbɔ no de asɛm no baa awiei sɛ ɛka a wɔrebɔ wɔ nsɛmmɔnedi ho no rekɔ so bere nyinaa.
Wiase a Wɔasɛe No
Sɛnea Amammuisɛm ho Adesuabea a ɛwɔ Hamburg Sukuupɔn mu wɔ Germany kyerɛ no, bere a 1994 fii ase no, na akodi 43 resɛe wiase no. Ɔsom mu Biakoyɛ Nsɛm ho Amanneɛbɔ Adwuma reka amanneɛbɔ no ho asɛm no, ɛkyerɛw sɛ, na wɔredi ako 22 wɔ Asia, 13 wɔ Afrika, 5 wɔ Latin Amerika, ne 3 wɔ Europa. Adesuabea no hui nso sɛ, sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, na akodi a ɛrekɔ so wɔ 1950 mfe no mu dodow yɛ 12. Ebeduu 22 wɔ 1960 mfe no mu, na nnɛ aka kakraa bi na saa dodow no abu abɔ ho.
Wɔhwɛ Pii—Wɔnkenkan Ade Pii
Dɛn nti na sukuufo mmofra a wɔhwɛ television pii nkyerɛ akenkan ho anigye bio no? Bere a nhwehwɛmufo C. M. Koolstra yɛɛ mmofra 1,000 a wɔkɔ mfitiase sukuu wɔ Netherlands ho nhwehwɛmu wɔ mfe abiɛsa a atwam ni mu no, ohuu nneɛma abien a enti ama aba saa. Sɛ mmofra hwɛ television pii a, ɛmma wɔnkyerɛ akenkan ho anigye, na wontumi mfa wɔn adwene nsi nea wɔkenkan no so kɛse. Wɔn a wɔtaa hwɛ television fam no—amanneɛbɔ a efi Leiden Sukuupɔn a ɛwɔ Netherlands no mu kyerɛ sɛ—ɛkɔ so yɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛte nea wɔkenkan no ase na wɔde wɔn adwene asi kratafa a ɛda wɔn anim no so. Ɛnkyɛ na wɔapia nhoma no ato nkyɛn akɔfa ade a wɔde bue TV no. Nhwehwɛmufo no hui nso sɛ sɛnea ɛso dwumadi te nsakra tebea no. Sɛ́ ebia mmofra no rehwɛ dwumadi a wɔde yi aseresɛm, dwumadi a wɔyɛ ma mmofra, drama, anaasɛ nea wosua biribi fi mu no, ade koro no ara na efi mu ba: “wɔn akenkan kɔ fam.”
Wɔrema Anhweatam ne Akwahosan a Ɛsɛe Atrɛw
Synergy, atesɛm krataa a efi Amanaman ntam Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde a ɛwɔ Canada ka sɛ ɛwom sɛ ahiafo a wɔtete Tanzania nkuraase ɔha biara mu nkyem 85 hia ogya a wɔde bɛnoa aduan, ɛbɛma wɔn ɔhyew ne hann yiye de, nanso afe biara wobu kwae nhama 42,000 mu nnua de how ɔman no tawa. Ɔdenimfo W. L. Kilama, Tanzania Ɔman Aduruyɛ Nhwehwɛmu Adesuabea no panyin ka sɛ: “Ɛyɛ nwonwa sɛ yɛrebu nnua a ɛsom bo na yɛredan nsase anhweatam na ama yɛanya amannɔne sika afi tawa a yɛtɔn no amannɔne mu.” Ɔde ka ho sɛ: “Ɛyɛ nwonwa saa ara sɛ aman a wonnyaa nkɔso pii redua tawa a ɛma akwahosan a ɛsɛe trɛw.”
Nna mu Nsɛmmɔnedi Redɔɔso
Nna mu nsɛmmɔnedi—mmonnaato, mogyafra, ne mmonnaa a wɔto mmofra—a kan na wobu sɛ ɛyɛ ɔhaw a ɛwɔ Atɔe Fam aman mu no redɔɔso wɔ Afrika aman bi mu. Wɔtaa ka nna mu nsɛmmɔnedi ho asɛm wɔ nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ mu wɔ nnansa yi asram no mu. Times of Zambia bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔde ɔbarima bi a wadi mfe 37 too afiase mfe anum na wɔhyɛe sɛ wɔmmɔ no mmaa asia wɔ ne babea a wadi mfe 13 a ɔne no dae no ho. Wohui sɛ ɔtoo ne ba no mmonnaa bere a ne yere gyaw ne hɔ wɔ ntɔkwaw bi a wɔkoe akyi. Wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ abeawa no paa ne papa bere a wɔredi asɛm no wɔ asennibea no.
Chinafo a Wɔredɔɔso
China aban nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ adwuma Xinhua bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ China no dodow bedu ɔpepepem 1.2 afe yi. Wɔ China awo ho nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ katee a ɛkamfo kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ abusua biara nya ɔba biako nyinaa akyi no, emu nnipa duu ɔpepepem 1.2 mfe asia ansa na bere a wɔn a wɔyɛ ɔman no mu nnipa dodow ho nhyehyɛe hwɛɛ kwan sɛ ebedu saa no reso. Nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ adwuma no kyerɛɛ nneɛma abien a enti ama wɔadɔɔso no: Nea edi kan ne sɛ mmea a wɔtete nkuraase no pii wɔ ɔpɛ sɛ wobetua ka a wɔbɔ wɔn wɔ mmofra a wɔboro biako a wɔwo wɔn no ho. Nea ɛto so abien ne sɛ adwumayɛfo a wotu fi nkuraase bɛtra nkurow akɛse mu no tumi bu mmara a ɛmma wɔnwo pii wɔ mmeae a wɔtete no so a wonhu.