Ko Te ʼu Taʼu e Nimagofulu—Mo Te ʼu Faiga Fakatupu Lotomamahi
“KO MĀTOU, HAHAʼI ʼO TE ʼU PULEʼAGA FAKATAHI ʼE MĀTOU FAKATUʼUTUʼU ke mātou hāofaki te ʼu taʼiake ka haʼu, mai te tau ʼaē neʼe hoko tuʼa lua ʼi te maʼuli ʼo te tagata, ʼo fakatupu te ʼu mamahi lahi ki te malamanei, pea ʼe mātou toe fakahā tamatou tui ki te ʼu lao ʼo te puleʼaga ki te ʼu meʼa ʼaē ʼe ʼaoga ki te tagata, ki te fakaʼapaʼapa pea mo te maʼuhiga ʼo he tahi, ki te ʼu lao ʼaē ʼe mole fakakeheʼi te tagata pea mo te fafine, ʼo toe feiā ki te ʼu lao ʼaē ʼe mole fakakeheʼi ai te ʼu puleʼaga liliki pea mo te ʼu puleʼaga lalahi, . . .”—Ko te ʼu ʼuluaki palalau ʼo te ʼu fakatuʼutuʼu ʼa te Kautahi ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi.
ʼI TE ʼaho 24 ʼo ʼOketopeli 1995, ʼe ko te taʼu 50 ʼaia ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi. Ko te toko 185 kau fakafofoga ʼo te ʼu fenua kehekehe, neʼe nātou kau ki te ʼu ʼuluaki fakatuʼutuʼu ʼa te kautahi pea mo tona ʼu ikuʼaga ohage ko tona tuʼu ʼi te fakapapau ʼaenī: ko te taupau ʼo te tokalelei pea mo te fīmālie; ko te molehi ʼo te fai fakapō ʼaē ʼe fakatupu kovi ki te tokalelei ʼo te malamanei; ko te fakaloto mālohiʼi ʼo te ʼu felogoi ʼa te hahaʼi ʼo te ʼu puleʼaga fuli; ko te puipui ʼo te ʼāteaina ʼa te hahaʼi fuli, ʼo mole fakakeheʼi te ʼu lanu, peʼe ko he tagata pe ko he fafine, peʼe ko te lea, peʼe ko te lotu; pea mo fakahoko he gāue fakatahi ʼi te malamanei katoa moʼo fakatokatoka te ʼu fihifihia ʼi te faʼahi faka ekonomike, faka sosiale, pea mo fakafenua.
Ia taʼu e 50 ko te kautahi ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi neʼe nātou fai te ʼu fakatuʼutuʼu lahi moʼo fakatuʼu te tokalelei pea mo te fīmālie ʼi te malamanei. ʼE mahino papau ia, neʼe tāʼofi e te faʼahi ʼaia te hoko ʼo he tolu tau faka malamanei, pea ke mole toe hoko he fakaʼauha lahi ki te maʼuli ʼo te tagata ʼaki he ʼu foʼi pulu nukeleʼea. Ko te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi neʼe nātou fafaga pe mo foaki te ʼu faitoʼo ki te ʼu tamaliki ʼe lauʼi miliona. Neʼe faka fealagia e te ʼu fakatuʼutuʼu ʼaia ke fai he ʼu puleʼaki lelei ʼo ʼuhiga mo te maʼuli mālōlō ʼi te ʼu potu fenua lahi, ʼo nātou foaki te ʼu meʼa, ohage la ko te vai ʼe maʼa pea mo te ʼu faitoʼo moʼo tauʼi te ʼu mahaki fakatupu tuʼutāmaki. Neʼe foaki te ʼu meʼa ʼofa ki te lauʼi miliona hahaʼi ʼe mole honatou ʼu nofoʼaga.
Moʼo fakamālo ki te ʼu gāue ʼaia neʼe fai, neʼe fakapale tuʼa nima ia te kautahi ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi ʼaki te Prix Nobel ʼo te tokalelei. Kae, ʼi tona fakahagatonu ʼe kei tou maʼuʼuli ʼi te mālama ʼe hoko ai te tau.
Ko Te Tokalelei Pea Mo Te Fīmālie—Ko Te ʼu Fakatuʼutuʼu Heʼeki Hoko
Hili taʼu e 50 ʼo tanatou faiga, ʼe mole heʼeki maʼu pe la ia te tokalelei pea mo te fīmālie. Neʼe mole heʼeki faʼa fualoa, ʼi te Fale Fono Lahi ʼa te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, neʼe fakahā e te pelesita ʼo Amelika ʼe lotomamahi, ʼi tana ʼui ʼaē “ko te sēkulō ʼaenī ʼe lahi ai te ʼu ʼamanaki pea mo te ʼu fealagia pea mo te ʼu meʼa neʼe fai kae ʼe ko he temi ia ʼo te fakaʼauha lahi pea mo heʼe ʼamanaki.”
ʼI te fakaōvi mai ʼo te taʼu 1994, neʼe ʼui fēnei e te The New York Times: “ ʼE teitei pe ko te ʼu tau e 150 neʼe hoko pea ko te lauʼi afe hahaʼi neʼe mamate ai—ʼo lau ʼe laka age te mamate ʼa te kau sivile ʼi te kau solia—pea ko te toko lauʼi teau afe hahaʼi ʼe mole kei ʼi ai honatou ʼu nofoʼaga.” Neʼe fakahā e te Département de lʼinformation publique ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, talu mai te taʼu 1945 ʼe ko te toko 20 miliona hahaʼi tupu neʼe mamate ʼi te ʼu fihi ʼa te ʼu kautau. Neʼe fakatokagaʼi e te fafine fakafofoga ʼo Amelika ʼi te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, ko Madeleine Albright, ko te ʼu “fihi fakafenua kua kovi age ʼi te temi ʼaenī.” ʼE hā tuʼumaʼu pe ʼi te ʼu tala logo te mole tokagaʼi ʼo te ʼu lao ʼaē ʼe faka fealagia ki te tagata ke ina fai pea mo te fakakehekeheʼi ʼo te hahaʼi. ʼE lahi te ʼu puleʼaga ʼe nātou tali te ʼu meʼa ʼaē ʼe fai e te tahi ʼu puleʼaga, kae ʼe mole nātou kaumeʼa mo te ʼu puleʼaga ʼaia.
Ko te tagata ko David Hannay, ko te tagata fakafofoga ʼo Pilitania ʼi te Puleʼaga Fakatahi, neʼe ina tala fakahagatonu, “ko te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi mai te taʼu 1945 ki te taʼu 1980, neʼe teitei pe ke ʼui ko he meʼa ʼe mole hona ʼaoga kae ʼe fakaʼapaʼapaʼi.” Ko te sikalaipe lahi ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, ko Boutros Boutros-Ghali, neʼe ina fakahā ko te ʼu hahaʼi ʼaē ʼe nātou fakafofoga tonatou ʼu puleʼaga, kua ʼāsili age tanatou mole tokaga pea mo tonatou lotovaivai ʼo ʼuhiga mo te ʼu fakatuʼutuʼu ʼaē ke hoko te tokalelei. Neʼe ina fakaʼosi tana palalau ʼo ina ʼui ʼe tokolahi ia nātou ʼaia ʼe nātou ʼui, ko “te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi ʼe mole ko he kautahi ia ke fakamuʼamuʼa.”
Te Mālohi ʼo Te ʼu Tala Logo
Logope la ʼaē ʼe hage mai ʼe mālohi ʼaupito te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, ko tanatou ʼu faiga ʼe tautau fakafihiʼi e te politike pea mo te ʼu tala logo. ʼE puli te mālohi ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi mo kapau ʼe mole lagolago kiai tana ʼu hahaʼi. Kae kapau ʼe mole tali e te hahaʼi te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, pea ʼe mole lagolago anai kiai tana ʼu hahaʼi. Ohage la, ʼi te manatu ʼa te The Wall Street Journal, “ko te ʼu puleʼaki ʼaē neʼe fai ʼo ʼuhiga mo Somalia pea mo Bosnie neʼe mole hoko, pea neʼe ko he faʼahi neʼe fakalotoʼi ai te kau Amelika e tokolahi, ke nātou ʼui ko te kautahi ʼaia ʼe mole ʼi ai hona fua, pea ʼe toe fakatupu tuʼutāmaki.” Koia, ʼaki te aga ʼaia ʼa te hahaʼi, neʼe kole e te kau takitaki politike ʼo Amelika ke fakasiʼisiʼi te tokoni faka paʼaga ʼaē ʼe foaki e te puleʼaga Amelika ki te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi.
Neʼe fakahā fakahagatonu e te ʼu kautahi foʼou tanatou mole leleiʼia te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi. Neʼe nātou fakaʼaogaʼi te ʼu kupu ʼaenī, “ ʼe mole nātou popoto ʼi te fakatokatoka ʼo te ʼu faigataʼaʼia,” “ ʼe nātou gaohaʼa,” “ ʼe mole nātou faiva,” pea “ ʼe mole nātou mālohi,” ko te ʼu palalau fakahagatonu ʼaia neʼe nātou fai moʼo fakamahinohino te ʼu faʼahiga gāue kehekehe ʼaē neʼe fai e te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi. Neʼe heʼeki faʼa fualoa neʼe fai te talanoa ʼaenī e te The Washington Post National Weekly Edition ʼo ina ʼui, “ ʼe hage te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi ko he ʼu tagata popoto ʼe gaohi meʼa mio, pea ʼe nātou faiga ke nātou mulimuli ki te ʼu meʼa ʼaē ʼe hoko ʼi te mālama ʼaenī.”
Ko te tahi sulunale neʼe talanoa ki te ʼita ʼo te Sikalaipe Lahi ko Boutros-Boutros Ghali ʼo ʼuhiga mo te ʼu fakapō ʼaē neʼe hoko ʼi Rwanda. Neʼe ina ʼui fēnei: “ ʼE ko he hala ia ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi pea mo te hahaʼi ʼo te malamanei katoa. Pea neʼe hoko te meʼa ʼaia ʼuhi ko tatou fuli ʼe tou kau ki te hala ʼaia.” Ko te logo makehe ʼi te televisio ʼi te taʼu 1993, neʼe tala ai ko te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi “neʼe hoko tanatou fakatuʼutuʼu ʼaē ke nātou fakagata te toe meʼa fakamataku ʼaē ʼo ʼuhiga mo te tokalelei—te tuputupu ʼaē ʼo te faʼu ʼo te ʼu mahafu tau faka nukeleʼea.” Neʼe talanoa ʼi te polokalama ʼaia ʼo te televisio ʼo ʼuhiga mo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi “ia taʼu e hogofulu neʼe lahi pe ki te palalau kae neʼe mole fai hanatou meʼa.”
Neʼe malave kovi te manatu ʼaia ki te ʼu hahaʼi ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi pea mo toe ʼāsili aipe tonatou ʼiʼita. Kae, logope la tonatou ʼiʼita, ʼi te fakatahi ʼaē ʼo ʼuhiga mo te ʼu taʼu e 50 ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, tokolahi neʼe hage kua nātou toe falala pea mo ʼamanaki ke toe fai he puleʼaki foʼou. Logope la ʼaē ʼe ʼiloʼi e te fafine Fakafofoga ko Albright te ʼu meʼa ʼaē neʼe mole fakahoko e te ʼu fakatuʼutuʼu ʼa te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi, neʼe ina toe fai te palalau ʼa te tokolahi, ʼi tana ʼui te meʼa ʼaenī: “ ʼE mole kei tonu ke tou talanoa ki te ʼu meʼa ʼaē neʼe tou fai ʼi te temi ʼaē, ʼe tonu ke tou palalau ki te ʼu meʼa ʼaē ka tou fai anai ʼi te temi ka haʼu.”
ʼIo, ʼe ʼalu koa kifea te malamanei? ʼE ʼi ai anai koa he mālama ʼe mole fai ai he tau? Kapau ʼe ʼi ai he mālama feiā, koteā anai te tuʼulaga ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi ʼi te mālama ʼaia? Pea tahi ʼaē, kapau ʼe koutou manavasiʼi ki te ʼAtua, ʼe tonu ke koutou fai te fehuʼi ʼaenī, ‘Koteā ʼapē te tuʼulaga ʼo te ʼAtua ʼi te mālama ʼaia?’
[Talanoa ʼo te pasina 4]
TE ʼU FAIGA FAKATUPU LOTOMAMAHI
ʼE mole feala ke ʼi ai he tokalelei pea mo he fīmālie mo kapau ʼe mole pulihi te tau, te maʼuli masiva, te fakapō, pea mo te fakahehema. Neʼe mole heʼeki faʼa fualoa, ko te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi neʼe nātou fakahā te ʼu logo ʼaē ki lalo age.
Te ʼu Tau: “ ʼI te ʼu tau ʼaē e 82 ʼa te ʼu kautau mai te taʼu 1989 ki te 1992, ko te ʼu tau e 79 neʼe hoko ʼi te ʼu kolo, pea ko te ʼu tau ʼaia neʼe fakahoko tāfito e te ʼu lanu kehekehe; ko te 90 ki te teau neʼe mamate ko te kau sivile.”—Le Département de lʼinformation publique ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi (UNDPI)
Te ʼu Mahafu Tau: “ ʼE fakahā e te C.I.C.R. [Comité international de la Croix-Rouge] ko te ʼu hahaʼi faʼu mahafu e 95 tupu ʼi te ʼu fenua e 48, neʼe nātou faʼu ʼi te taʼu fuli te ʼu pulu ʼe tanu ʼi te kele e 5 miliona pea mo 10 miliona moʼo kākāʼi ʼaki te kau solia.”—Le Haut-Commissariat ʼo te ʼu Puleʼaga Fakatahi ʼo ʼuhiga mo te hahaʼi ʼaē ʼe mole honatou meʼa nofo (H.C.R.)
“ ʼI Afelika, ʼe ʼi ai te ʼu pulu e 30 miliona ʼe tanu haʼele ʼi te ʼu fenua e 18 tupu.”—H.C.R.
Te Māsisiva: “ ʼI te malamanei, ko te tokotahi ki te toko nima ʼi te hahaʼi—ʼe fakalaka ʼi te tahi miliale ʼi te ʼu meʼa fuli ʼaē neʼe tou talanoa kiai—ʼe maʼuli ʼi te fakaʼofaʼofa, pea ko te toko 13 miliona ʼo aʼu ki te toko 18 miliona ʼe mamate ʼi te taʼu fuli ʼuhi ko te māsisiva.”—UNDPI
Te Fakapō: “Kua tuputupu te fai fakapō ʼi te malamanei, ʼo fakafuafua ko te 5 ki te teau ʼi te taʼu fuli ʼe mamate, talu mai te taʼu 1980; ʼi Amelika ʼe ko te ʼu fakapō e 35 miliona ʼaē neʼe fai ʼi te taʼu fuli.”—UNDPI
Te Aga Fakahehema: “Ko te fakahehema kua liliu ia ko he agamāhani. ʼI ʼihi fenua ko te kākā faka paʼaga ʼe fakafuafua ko te 10 ki te teau ʼo te ʼu meʼa ʼaē ʼe faʼufaʼu e te fenua ʼi te taʼu fuli.”—UNDPI