Iingxaki Ezithwaxa Amafama
URICHARD ulima amasimi awayelinywa ngukhokho wakhe kwiminyaka emalunga ne-100 eyadlulayo. Kodwa ngowama-2001, lo mfama waseKhanada waba ngowokuqala kwizizukulwana ezine kwintsapho yakhe ukungafumani sivuno. Zonke izinto awayezilimile zatshatyalaliswa yimbalela. Ukuthengiswa kwezityalo ngamaxabiso aphantsi kwiminyaka edluleyo nokunyuka kweendleko zokulima kuye kwafak’ isandla kwiingxaki zakhe. URichard uthi: “Imeko iya isiba mandundu yaye akukho sicombululo.”
Kangangeminyaka eli-115 intsapho yakuloLarry yayinefama kummandla obizwa ngokuba yiCorn Belt eUnited States, yaye ekugqibeleni loo fama yaba yeyakhe. Uthi: “Ndandivakalelwa kukuba yimbopheleleko yam ukuyigcina nokwenza ingeniso . . . , kodwa yonke imizamo yam yawa phantsi.” ULarry nomkakhe baphulukana nefama yabo.
AsingoLarry noRichard kuphela abaneengxaki. Ukubakho kwesifo sochwane nenyebethu eBritani kwabangela ukuba amafama abe sengxakini ngokwezoqoqosho yaye oko kwawashiya ebandezelekile. Enye ingxelo yeendaba yathi: “Amafama aseBritani—kwanalawo angakhange achatshazelwe sesi sifo—aziva enxubile, engamalolo yaye akakwazi ukuhlawula amatyala awo.” Kwamanye amazwe asakhasayo, iimfazwe, iimbalela, ukwanda kwabantu nezinye iingxaki zibangele ukuba amafama angakwazi ukucombulula iingxaki zawo. Oku kuye kwanyanzela oorhulumente ukuba bathenge ukutya kwamanye amazwe—yaye iintsapho ezininzi azinamali yokuthenga oko kutya.
Ngoko iingxaki ezithwaxa amafama zichaphazela bonke abantu. Sekunjalo, abantu abahlala ezidolophini abazikhathazi ngeengxaki zamafama. Phantse kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, uMongameli waseUnited States uDwight D. Eisenhower wathi: “Kumntu osebenza eofisini nakumntu ohlala kude namasimi kubonakala kulula ukuba ngumfama.” Nanamhlanje amafama avakalelwa kukuba abantu abaninzi abazazi iingxaki ajamelene nazo yaye abazi nokuba libaluleke kangakanani igalelo lawo. Omnye umfama waseKhanada uthi: “Abantu abanamdla wokwazi ukuba kuvela phi ukutya. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe engxoweni kusiwe evenkileni, kudlula ezandleni zabantu abaninzi.”
Ekubeni sonke sixhomekeke kumafama, asifanele sizibethe ngoyaba iingxaki ajamelene nazo. UDon A. Dillman noDaryl J. Hobbs abaziingcali ngentlalo yoluntu balumkisa ngelithi: “Kweli hlabathi siphila kulo, apho kungekho mntu unokukwazi ukuzimela, iingxaki zabantu basemaphandleni zikhawuleza zichaphazele nabantu abahlala ezidolophini, ngokunjalo neengxaki zabantu abahlala ezidolophini zikhawuleza zichaphazele abantu basemaphandleni. Xa izinto zingahambi kakuhle ezidolophini, bayachaphazeleka abantu basemaphandleni yaye xa zingahambi kakuhle emaphandleni, bayachaphazeleka nabasezidolophini.” Ngapha koko, ukuqhwalela kwezoqoqosho kwindawo ethile kunokuchaphazela amaxabiso ezityalo neendleko zokulima kwezinye iindawo.
Akumangalisi ke ngoko ukuba iNew York Center for Agricultural Medicine and Health ithi: “Ukuba ngumfana kuphakathi kwemisebenzi eli-10 ephambili ebangela uxinezeleko eUnited States.” Ziziphi ezinye izinto ezibangela iingxaki ajamelene nazo amafama? Amafama anokuhlangabezana njani nezi ngxaki? Ngaba sikho isizathu sokuba nethemba lokuba ezi ngxaki ziya kuze ziphele?
[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 4]
“Kumntu osebenza eofisini nakumntu ohlala kude namasimi kubonakala kulula ukuba ngumfama.”