Ngaba Umanyano LwamaKristu Lunokubakho?

INGQOBHOKO yindlu eyahluleleneyo. Amalungu ayo ekuthelekelelwa ukuba angaphezu kwabantu abazizigidi ezili-1 500 ahlukene aba kwicawa yamaRoma Katolika, yobuOthodoki baseMpuma, yamaProtestanti nezinye iicawa namahlelo azibanga engawamaKristu. Abantu abaninzi abanyanisekileyo bayazibuza enoba aya kuze amanyane kusini na amaKristu.

Luvakalisa intlungu ngenxa yokungamanyani konqulo, uxwebhu lweBhunga Lesibini LeVatican lwathi: “Bonke bazivakalisa bengabafundi beNkosi, kodwa iinkolelo zabo ziyangqubana yaye umendo wabo uphambukile, ngokungathi noKristu wayahlulelene (Thelekisa eyoku-1 kwabaseKorinte 1:​13). Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, oku kungavisisani kuchasene ngokuphandle nokuthanda kukaKristu, kuyaliphazamisa ihlabathi, yaye kubangela umonakalo kowona mthombo ungcwele wokuvakalisa iindaba ezilungileyo kuzo zonke izidalwa.”

ICawa YamaKatolika Nomanyano

ICawa yamaKatolika, ethi malunga nesiqingatha samalungu ewonke eNgqobhoko ngamalungu ayo, iluqonda ngeyayo indlela umanyano lobuKristu. Kwasekwa “imibutho yomthandazo” eyahlukahlukeneyo ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane. Phakathi kwayo yayiLumanyano Lwamandla Lwenenekazi Lethu Lovelwano Lokubuyisela INgilani Kukholo LwamaKatolika, Umanyano Lonqulo Lokuthandazela Kwinenekazi Lethu Lovelwano Ukuguquka Kwabaqhekeki, Nomanyano Lwamandla Lwemithandazo Nemisebenzi Emihle Yokumanyanisa Kwakhona Ukungavisisani KweMpuma NeCawa.

Ngowe-1908, ngenyathelo lokuqala lomfundisi waseTshetshi owaguqukela kubuKatolika, iveki yomthandazo yaminyaka le yamaKatolika (Januwari 18-25) yalungiselelwa “ukuguqula nokubuyisela amarhamente ahlukeneyo.” Kamva le yaba yiVeki Yokuthandazela Umanyano LobuKristu yaminyaka le, eyathi iWCC (World Council of Churches [IBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi]) yayigcina ukususela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1950.

Incwadi yamaKatolika ethi The Documents of Vatican II ithi: “Nyaka ngamnye ngoJanuwari, kangangamashumi amaninzi eminyaka, amaRoma Katolika aye achitha iintsuku ezisibhozo ethandazela umanyano lweCawa. De kwangowe-1959, ingcamango kawonke-wonke ngezo mini zomthandazo, uJanuwari 18-25, yayilithemba lokuba amaProtestanti ayeya ‘kubuyela’ kwekuphela kweCawa yenyaniso, nokuba ukungavisisani kobuOthodoki kwakuya kuphela.”

Ngaba iVatican II yayiguqula ngokusisiseko imbono yeCawa yamaRoma Katolika ngomanyano lobuKristu? Ilandela likaPopu John, uPaul VI, lavakalisa uMthetho-siseko Ongokwemfundiso WeVatican II kwiCawa, othi: “Le yekuphela kweCawa kaKristu esithi ngokwesiVumo Sokholo sivakalise ukuba imanyene, ingcwele, ikho ehlabathini lonke yaye ilandela iimfundiso zabapostile. . . . Le Cawa, eyasekwa neyalungiselelwa njengebutho kwihlabathi langoku, yiCawa yamaKatolika, elawulwa lilandela likaPetros nangoobhishophu ngokuvisisana nalo.”

Ngoko ngokusisiseko imbono yeCawa yamaKatolika ngomanyano lobuKristu ayiguqukanga kuyaphi. Ngokungathi kunjalo, imbono eyavakaliswa eVatican II ikukuba naziphi na izinto ezilungileyo ezikhoyo ngaphandle kweCawa yamaKatolika ngokwenene zezayo yaye ngoko ke, njengoko uMthetho-siseko Ongokwemfundiso kwiCawa usitsho, “zingamandla akhuthaza umanyano lobuKatolika.”

Ngaba Ikufanelekele Ukukhuthaza Umanyano?

Yintoni enokuthethwa ngamazwi asoloko ephindaphindwa yiCawa yamaKatolika okuba “imanyene, ingcwele, ikho ehlabathini lonke, nokuba ilandela iimfundiso zabapostile”? Okokuqala, ukungavisisani kwakutshanje kwamaKatolika agcin’ isithethe phantsi kokhokelo lukaBhishophu Omkhulu uLefebvre, kungasathethwa nto ke ngemvukelo ephandle yamakhulu-khulu abefundisi bamaKatolika, kubonisa ukuba libubuxoki ibango lecawa lokuba “imanyene.”a

Okwesibini, ingxelo yeCawa yamaKatolika, nokuthiya kwayo amaYuda, ukuthuthumbisa kwayo “abaqhekeki,” ukukhuthaza kwayo “iimfazwe ezingcwele,” nokubandakanyeka kwayo kwezobupolitika nakumahlazo angcolileyo abandakanya imali, kutyhila ukuba ayikho “ngcwele” kwaphela.

Okwesithathu, iCawa yaseRoma ayinako ukulithethelela ibango layo lokuba “ikho ehlabathini lonke,” ekubeni iyilwe kuphela ngabamalunga nesiqingatha sabo bathi bangamaKristu, okanye phantse i-15 ekhulwini labemi behlabathi.

Okokugqibela, izibakala zembali, ingxelo yolawulo loopopu, nobutyebi, ukuziphatha kakubi, ukubandakanyeka koobhishophu abaninzi bamaKatolika kwezobupolitika, zonke ezi azinakulithethelela ibango lecawa lokuba “ilandela iimfundiso zabapostile.” Ngokucacileyo, iCawa yamaKatolika ayikho kwimeko yokuzibanga ikwinqanaba lokubuyisela umanyano lokwenene lobuKristu.

IBhunga Lehlabathi Nomanyano

IBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi liquka iicawa ezingaphezu kwezingama-300 zamaProtestanti nezobuOthodoki baseMpuma ezinamalungu angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-400 kumazwe angaphezu kwekhulu. Injongo yeli bhunga “ikukuvakalisa imvisiswano esisiseko yeCawa kaKristu nokuzenza zibonakale lula phambi kweecawa izinto ezithintela ukubonakalisa olo manyano nokungxamiseka kwalo emsebenzini wokushumayela.” Noko ke, ngaba iWCC inikela ithemba elingakumbi lomanyano lokwenyaniso lobuKristu kunokuba iCawa yamaRoma Katolika isenza?

IWCC inethemba lokumanyanisa amaKristu phezu kwasiphi isiseko? Enye intyilalwazi ithi: “Kwisiseko seBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi. . . . Ngokuqhelekileyo amalungu ayavuma ukuba iyantlukwano phakathi kwamaKristu ichasene nokuthanda kukaThixo nokuba isesona sithintelo sikhulu sokuba abangengomaKristu bamkele ubuKristu. . . . Kuye kwanda uluvo lokuba ukumanyana kumele kusekelwe kwinyaniso.” Ke ngoko, yintoni egqalwa iyinyaniso esisiseko ziicawa ezingaphezu kwama-300 ezingamalungu eWCC?

Ngowe-1948 isiseko santlandlolo sokuba lilungu kwiWCC sasigqalwa zezinye iicawa siyimfundiso kaBathathu Emnye enganelisiyo. Ngoko ngowe-1961 isiseko sokuba lilungu salungiswa saza safundeka ngolu hlobo: “IBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi libubudlelane beecawa ezivakalisa iNkosi uYesu Kristu njengoThixo noMsindisi ngokweZibhalo yaye ngoko ke lifuna ukuzalisekisa ubizo lwalo oluqhelekileyo lozuko loThixo omnye, uYise, uNyana noMoya oyiNgcwele.”​—⁠Akekeliswe sithi.

Kwaeso siseko sokuba lilungu leWCC sichasene ngokwaso. Ngoba? Kuba inkolelo ‘KuThixo omnye, uYise, uNyana noMoya oyiNgcwele’ ‘ayikho ngokweZibhalo.’ IThe Encyclopedia of Religion ithi: “Abefundisi bezakwalizwi namhlanje bayavumelana ukuba iBhayibhile yesiHebhere ayinayo imfundiso kaBathathu Emnye.” Ukongezelela, iThe New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology icacisa ngokuthi: “AmaKristu okuqala ayengenayo imfundiso ecacileyo kaBathathu Emnye.” Yaye iThe New Encyclopædia Britannica ivakalisa oku: “Igama elithi uBathathu Emnye okanye imfundiso ecacileyo ayiveli kwiTestamente Entsha, noYesu nabalandeli bakhe abazange bazimisele ukusichasa isivumo sokholo kwiTestamente Endala esithi: ‘Yiva, Sirayeli: INkosi uThixo wethu yiNkosi inye’ (Dut. 6:⁠4).”

Ngaphezu koko, iWCC iye yazibandakanya ngokunzulu kukruthakruthwano lwezobupolitika. Ngokomzekelo, iye yanikela ngemali kwimibutho elwela inkululeko ngezigalo. IThe New Encyclopœdia Britannica ityhila oku: “Ukuvakala kwezityholo zokuba amaqela athile eWCC alala ngengub’ enye nemibutho eyahlukahlukeneyo nevukelayo kuye kwabangela ukugxekwa zezinye iicawa ezingamalungu.” Ukubandakanyeka okungekokwabuKristu kwezobupolitika akunakuluzisa umanyano lokwenyaniso lobuKristu, singenako nesiseko esingokwemfundiso esingesosaBhayibhile.

Umanyano Lokwenyaniso Lunokubakho

Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, iEncyclopœdia Universalis (yowe-1989) yesiFrentshi ithi injongo yokumanyaniswa kweecawa “ikukubuyisela umanyano olupheleleyo nolubonakalayo kwintsapho yamaKristu eyahluleleneyo, ngokuvisisana neemfundiso zikaYesu. . . . Bephawula indlela amaKristu athandana ngayo, abangengomaKristu bafanele babe nokholo baze babe ngamalungu eCawa, belithelekelela kwangaphambili ihlabathi elitsha apho intsebenziswano, ubulungisa noxolo ziya kuba yimigaqo elawulayo, njengoko kwaxelwa kwangaphambili kwaza kwabonakaliswa nguKristu. . . . Kuyaphawuleka ukuba . . . iNcwadi yomPostile eya kumaHebhere (II, 5) ifanele ithethe ‘nge-oi·kou·meʹne [ihlabathi elimiweyo] eza kuza,’ ngaloo ndlela igxininisa ukuba ithemba lamaKristu asikokuphila kwihlabathi elingokomoya elingabonakaliyo, kodwa kweli hlabathi [umhlaba] limiweyo elixolelaniswe noMdali walo.”

Amalungu angakumbi nangakumbi eecawa zeNgqobhoko ayaqonda ukuba iimfundiso zecawa yawo azivisisani neemfundiso zikaYesu. Eneentloni ayaphawula ukuba amalungu onqulo lwawo awathandani. Noko ke, amaninzi awo aye afumana intsapho yamaKristu amanyene ngokupheleleyo, yaye aphawula indlela la athandana ngokwenene ngayo. Ewe, aye afumana umanyano nethemba lokwenene lobuKristu phakathi kwentsapho yehlabathi lonke yamaNgqina kaYehova.

Ngenxa yoko, izigidi zababesakuba ngamalungu eecawa zeNgqobhoko ziye zanethemba lokuphila kwihlabathi elitsha elimanyeneyo likaThixo, apho intsebenziswano, ubulungisa noxolo ziya kuba yimigaqo elawulayo.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 31]

Abantu abaninzi baye bayifumana intsapho yamaKristu yehlabathi lonke asele emanyene

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 30]

Eli litye lesikhumbuzo kwikomkhulu leBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi, eGeneva, eSwitzerland, lifuzisela ukuthandazela kwazo umanyano lwecawa, mithandazo leyo engekaphendulwa unangoku