Ingxaki YeCawa YamaKatolika
“IPENTEKOSTE ENTSHA.” Eli yayilithemba elavakaliswa nguPopu John XXIII egameni lebhunga lokumanyanisa iicawa elaqalisa ngowe-1962 nelathi laziwa njengeVatican II. Wayenethemba lokuba laliya kuba yindlela yohlaziyo olungokomoya phakathi kwamaKatolika nokuba laliya kuzisa iinguqulelo ezaziya kuhlahl’ indlela yokuphinda kumanyaniswe iNgqobhoko.
Kodwa iingcamango ezinjalo zeaggiornamento (inkqubo yohlaziyo) azizange zamkelwe ngabo bonke oobhishophu beVatican. IThe New Encyclopœdia Britannica inikela le ngxelo: “Ngenxa yoko, isigqibo sikaPopu asizange samkelwe kakuhle ngamalungu asadla ngendeb’ endala eBhunga Eliphetheyo, awayeyisekile kukuba icawa yayiqhuba kakuhle gqitha phantsi kokhokelo lukaPius XII nongazange abone sizathu sokuba kwenziwe ezo nguqulelo wayecinga ngazo uJohn. Enyanisweni abanye ookhadinali beVatican benza konke okwakusemandleni abo ukudodobalisa eli bhunga de indoda enkulu ife yaye eli phulo lalinokuphoswa kwelokulibala.”
Ummiselo WeVatican II Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa
UPopu John XXIII waphila ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba abize aze aqalise inkomfa yeBhunga Lesibini LeVatican, kodwa wafa ngokukhawuleza emva koko, ngoJuni 1963, ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba le nkomfa iphele ngoDisemba 1965. Sekunjalo, uMmiselo Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa wavakaliswa nguPopu Paul VI ngoNovemba 21, 1964. Kwintshayelelo yawo kwathethwa la mazwi: “Ukubuyiselwa komanyano phakathi kwawo onke amaKristu yenye yezinto ezixhalatyelwe ngokuyintloko liBhunga Lesibini LeVatican.”
Okuphawulekayo kukuba, umfundisi ongumJesuit uWalter M. Abbott wabhala oku kwiThe Documents of Vatican II: “UMmiselo Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa ubonisa ukungenelela ngokupheleleyo kweCawa yamaRoma Katolika kumbutho wokumanyanisa iicawa.” Yaye kwakuloo mba ukwamnye, phantsi komxholo othi “UbuKatolika baseRoma bulandela iBhunga lesibini LeVatican,” iThe New Encyclopædia Britannica yathi ngentembelo: “ICawa yamaRoma Katolika iye yayilahla ngokusemthethweni imbono ‘yokuba iyicawa enye eyinyaniso.’”
Kodwa ngaba iCawa yamaKatolika iye yayilahla ngokwenene loo mbono? Umanyano lwaluya kuziswa phantsi kwaziphi iimeko? Emva kokuba uye wandlala umlinganiselo amaKatolika awayeya kuba nenxaxheba ukusa kuwo kwiphulo lokumanyanisa iicawa, lo Mmiselo Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa wagxininisa oku: “Eli Bhunga lingcwele libongoza abathembekileyo ukuba bazikhwebule kwinzondelelo engabalulekanga okanye engeyoyabulumko. . . . Iphulo labo lokumanyanisa iicawa alinakuphumelela ngaphandle kokuba lixhaswa ngokupheleleyo nangokunyanisekileyo ngamaKatolika, okuthetha ukuba, kubanjelelwe ngokunyanisekileyo kwinyaniso esiyifumene kubaPostile nakooPopu, nangokuvisisana nokholo iCawa yamaKatolika ebe isoloko iluvakalisa.”
Izinto Ezithintela Umanyano
Isibakala sikukuba, iCawa yamaRoma Katolika ayizange iyilahle imbono yayo yokuba iyekuphela kwecawa yenyaniso. UMmiselo weVatican II Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa uthi: “KungeCawa yamaKatolika kaKristu kuphela, eluncedo lwendalo iphela losindiso, ekunokufunyanwa iindlela ezipheleleyo zokusindiswa. Kwakukumbutho wabapostile kuphela, uPetros ayintloko yawo, esikholelwa ukuba iNkosi Yethu yagqithisela zonke iintsikelelo zoMnqophiso Omtsha.”
Incwadi yakutshanje yesiFrentshi ethi Théo—Nouvelle Encyclopédie Catholique (yowe-1989) ithi: “KumaKatolika, upopu, njengelandela likaPetros, ngokwemfundiso yezakwalizwi ulilungu elihlala lihleli lomanyano lweCawa noobhishophu. Noko ke, isibakala esicacileyo sikukuba upopu uyimbangi eyintloko yeyantlukwano phakathi kwamaKristu.”
Le mfundiso yahlukanisayo yokongama kukapopu inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nemfundiso yokungazenzi kukapopu iimpazamo neyokuba oobhishophu bamaKatolika bangamalandela abapostile, zombini ezingamkelwayo kwinkoliso yeecawa zeNgqobhoko ezingezizo ezamaKatolika. Ngaba kukho nantoni na eyenziwa yiVatican II ukuguqula imbono yamaKatolika ngezi mfundiso?
Umthetho-siseko Ongokwemfundiso WeVatican II kwiimpendulo zeCawa, kwisiqendu 18 uthi: “Eli bhunga lecawa elingcwele, elilandela emanyathelweni eBhunga Lokuqala LeVatican [elamisela imfundiso yokuba oopopu abazenzi iimpazamo], lifundisa kwaye livakalisa kunye noku ukuba uYesu Kristu, umfundisi ongunaphakade, wamisela iCawa engcwele ngokuphathisa abapostile umsebenzi wabo njengoko yena wayethunywe nguBawo (Thelekisa uYohane 20:21). Wamisela ukuba amalandela abo, oko kukuthi oobhishophu, ayefanele abe ngabelusi kwiCawa yakhe de kube sesiphelweni sehlabathi. Noko ke, ukuze iqumrhu loobhishophu libe nemvisiswano yaye limanyane wabeka uPetros ukuba abe yintloko yabanye abapostile, yaye kuye uye wabeka umthombo nesiseko esihlala sihleli nesibonakalayo somanyano lokholo nesobudlelane. Le mfundiso emayela nokumiswa, nesigxina esingapheliyo, nohlobo nokubaluleka kokongama okungcwele kukaPopu ongumRoma nesigxina sakhe semfundiso engenamposiso, ibhunga le cawa elingcwele liceba kwakhona ukuba bonke abathembekileyo babe nokholo olungagungqiyo kuyo, yaye, liqhubeka ngokungagungqiyo nalo msebenzi mnye, liceba ukuvakalisa esidlangalaleni nangokucacileyo imfundiso emayela noobhishophu, amalandela abapostile, abathi kunye nelandela likaPetros, uPopu wamaRoma Katolika nentloko ebonakalayo yeCawa iphela, balathise indlu yoThixo ophilileyo.”
Okuphawulekayo kukuba, lo Mthetho-siseko Ongokwemfundiso kwiCawa wavakaliswa nguPopu Paul VI kanye ngemini awatyobela ngayo uMmiselo Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa. Yaye ngaloo mini inye kaNovemba 21, 1964, wathi “uMariya ‘nguMama weCawa,’ oko kukuthi ngumama wabo bonke abathembekileyo nabo bonke abefundisi.” Kunokutshiwo njani ukuba uMmiselo Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa ‘wabonisa ukungenelela ngokupheleleyo kweCawa yamaRoma Katolika kwinkqubo yokumanyanisa iicawa’ xa kanye ngemini ekwapapashwa ngayo oko upopu wanyula ukuqinisekisa kwakhona iimfundiso ezingamkelekanga ngokupheleleyo kumalungu amaninzi eWCC (iBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi)?
Ingxaki YeCawa
UGqr. Samuel McCrea Cavert, owayesakuba ngusosiba-jikelele weBhunga Leetyalike Zelizwe, owaba nenxalenye enkulu ekusekweni kweBhunga Leetyalike Zehlabathi, wathi: “UMmiselo [Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa] awuvisisani ngokwenene nembono yayo yokumanyanisa iicawa kunye neenkolelo zayo zokuba iRoma Katolika iyekuphela kweCawa yenyaniso. . . . Enxulunyaniswe noku yenye inkolelo yobukhulu bukaPetros negunya lakhe phezu kweCawa iphela. Ezi nkolelo zibonakala zibonisa ukuba iRoma Katolika ikuqonda ukumanyaniswa kweecawa njengokusekelwe kwiRoma ngokungaguqukiyo.”
UGqr. Konrad Raiser, usekela sosiba-jikelele weWCC, wavakalisa oku: “Upopu [uJohn Paul II] wenza izibhengezo ezininzi zokumanyanisa iicawa, kodwa uphenjelelwa liphulo elimkhokelela kwicala elahlukileyo.”
Oku kwahlukana kucacileyo kuphakathi kwenkwalambisa yokumanyanisa iicawa yeVatican nokunamathela kwayo ngenkani kwiingcamango zayo ezingokwesithethe kuphela kutyhila ukuba iCawa yamaRoma Katolika izifumanisa ixakene nento. Ukuba inyanisekile ngokuba nenxaxheba kwayo kumbutho wokumanyanisa iicawa kumanyano lobuKristu, imele iliyeke ibango layo lokuba iyekuphela kwecawa yenyaniso. Ukuba ayifuni kuliyeka eli bango, imele ivume ukuba oko ikubiza ngokuba kukumanyanisa kwayo iicawa kusisenzo nje sobuchule sokukhohlisa iicawa zobuOthodoki nobuProtestanti ukuba zibuyele kwibandla lamaKatolika.
Ngokuphandle, iCawa yamaKatolika imele ivume oko ngoku sekuziinkulungwane ezininzi ikuthetha kububuxoki okanye ukuba ukuba nenxaxheba kwayo ngoku kumbutho wokumanyanisa iicawa kuluhanahaniso olupheleleyo. Enoba yiyiphi na eyivumayo, amalungu anyanisekileyo amaninzi eecawa zeNgqobhoko adidekile. Ayazibuza enoba umanyano lobuKristu luya kuze lufumaneke.
[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 28]
‘Ummiselo Ongokumanyaniswa Kweecawa ubonisa ukungenelela ngokupheleleyo kweCawa yamaRoma Katolika kumbutho wokumanyanisa iicawa’
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 27]
IVatican II yabeka iCawa yamaKatolika engxakini
[Inkcazelo]
UPI/Bettman Newsphotos