Ukuzibhokoxa Emsebenzini—Iyintoni Imiphumo?
Ngumbhaleli kaVukani! eJapan
“‘IZISELO ezinika amandla’ ziye zathandwa gqitha, kukho iintlobo zazo ezingaphezu kwama-200 yaye kuthengiswa ezifikelela kwizigidi ezingama-900 zee-yen [ii-R20-000 000] ngonyaka,” inikela loo ngxelo iMainichi Daily News, iphephandaba eliphambili laseJapan. Le ngxelo ihlabela mgama ibonisa ukuba ukuthandwa kwezi mveliso, ekuthiwa zivuselela amandla ngephanyazo kubasebenzi abadiniweyo, “kungunobangela wokuba abantu baseJapan balangazelele ukusebenza ngamandla phezu kwako nje ukucinezeleka, ukuphuthelwa nemozulu eshushu yehlobo.”
Kwelinye icala lePasifiki, ngokutsho kweZiko Lamanani Abasebenzi eUnited States (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics) “phantse umntu omnye kwabasibhozo eMerika wanikela ingxelo yokuba usebenza iiyure ezingama-60 okanye ngaphezulu ngeveki.” Abo bakwizikhundla eziphakathi zokongamela bakufumanisa kuyimfuneko ukunikela ixesha labo namandla abo amaninzi emsebenzini kangangokuba maxa wambi umsebenzi wabo uba yeyona nto ibalawulayo kubomi babo.
Phantse kwibutho ngalinye labantu, abantu abakhutheleyo, abanenyameko nabazibhokoxayo emsebenzini bayanconywa njengabalunge gqitha. Kwanombhali wamandulo weBhayibhile wathi: “Akukho nto ilungileyo ebantwini kunokuba badle, basele, bawubonise umphefumlo wabo okulungileyo emigudwini yabo. Kwanaloo nto ndiyibonile, ukuba ivela esandleni sikaThixo.” (INtshumayeli 2:24) Ngokubanzi, abantu kuzo zonke iindawo basakholelwa kwimilinganiselo enjalo. Enoba oko bakugqala njengokulunge gqitha okanye akunjalo, inkoliso yabantu isebenza ukususela ekuseni kude kube sebusuku, iintsuku ezintlanu, ezintandathu, okanye ezisixhenxe ngeveki.
Noko ke, yintoni oku kuzibhokoxa emsebenzini okuyifezileyo? Kumazwe anjengeJapan neJamani, inkqubela “engummangaliso” kwezoqoqosho aye anayo ukususela ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II yinto ayinqwenela ngamandla amazwe asakhasayo. Omabini la mazwe oyiswayo emfazweni akhulela ekubeni ngawongamileyo kwezoqoqosho ekuye kwafuneka lonke ihlabathi liwanikel’ ingqalelo. Noko ke, yintoni ukuzinikela emsebenzini okuye kwayenza kubantu abaninzi?
Nangona umgangatho wokuphila eJapan uye waphakama ngokuphawulekayo, iMainichi Daily News inikela ingxelo yokuba, abantu abaninzi baseJapan “basakufumanisa kunzima ukuziva benayo nayiphi na ingcamango yokuma kakuhle kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.” Okude kwakubi nangakumbi kukuba, ekusukeleni kwabo ngokuzingisileyo oko kufane kuthiwe bubomi obusemgangathweni, abaninzi bayagula okanye bade bafe ngenxa yokusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo nangenxa yoxinezeleko. Ngokufanayo, kuhlolisiso olwenziwa eUnited States, isinye kwisithathu sabaphathi abangamawaka amathathu ekwenziwa uhlolisiso kuso savakalelwa kukuba sasizibhokoxa gqitha emsebenzini, sasidinwe gqitha, yaye sasingachwayitiswa ngumsebenzi waso.
Kwakhona amabhinqa aphangelayo abonakalisa iimpawu zokuxinezeleka. Uhlolisiso olwenziwa eItali lwatyhila ukuba kwelo lizwe amabhinqa aphangelayo asebenza umlinganiselo weeyure ezingama-30 ngaphezu kunezo zamaqabane awo veki nganye. Ukongezelela kwezo yure zinde azisebenza eofisini okanye kumzi-mveliso, kufuneka anyamekele imisetyenzana yasendlwini akufika ekhaya. Omnye umsebenzi olibhinqa ekuvuma oku kwiphephandaba iEuropeo wathi: “Andinalo kwaphela ixesha lokuzonwabisa. Andinalo ixesha lezinto zobuqu. Andinako ukuyimela tu le meko.”
Kuthekani ngobomi bentsapho? UHerbert Freudenberger waseNew York, oyingcali ngendlela yokuqhubana neengxaki zokudinwa gqitha ngenxa yomsebenzi uthi, “Ngenxa yokusukela indlela yokuphila yabantu baseMerika, siyazincama iziqu zethu kunye nentsapho ngenxa yemali negunya.” Ngenxa yokuzinikela gqitha kwabayeni babo emsebenzini, bambi babafazi boosomashishini baseBritani abasebenza kumazwe akude kuye kwanikelwa ingxelo yokuba baziva bengamalolo yaye bengonwabanga. Kodwa asingabo bodwa abanale ngxaki.
Khawucingisise ngemiphumo eyenzekayo kubomi bentsapho eJapan, apho abasebenzi baseziofisini abangaphantsi kwesiqingatha abakubudala beminyaka ephakathi befika ekhaya ngaphambi kwentsimbi yesibhozo ngokuhlwa. Bambi abafazi sele bewancamile amadoda abo njengamaqabane okwenene omtshato; abasawafuni abekho ekhaya ixesha elingaphezu kwelo aqhele ukubakho ngalo. Isibhengezo esithile kumabonwakude sikushwankathela ngale ndlela oku kudana kwabafazi: “Amadoda aphila qete ingakumbi xa engekho ekhaya.”
Ngokusuka kwingxelo eyandulelayo, licacile elokuba ukuzibhokoxa emsebenzini kunengenelo yaye kukwayingozi. Xa oku kusenziwa ngokugqithiseleyo, kusenokuba ngunobangela wemiphumo emibi. Ngoko kunokwenzeka njani ukuze ukuzibhokoxa emsebenzini kungabi ngumthwalo, kodwa kube yinto elunge ngokwenene nengumthombo wolonwabo?
Kwelinye icala, kuyinto enzulu kangakanani xa abantu bebeka umsebenzi ngaphambili kunayo nayiphi na enye into okanye beqhubeka nokuzibhokoxa emsebenzini bengayikhathelele imiphumo? Makhe siqwalasele ezi nkalo zokuzibhokoxa emsebenzini.