“Ulungelelwaniso Olutsha Lwehlabathi”—Lunesiqalo Esigungqayo
NGUMBHALELI KAVUKANI! EJAMANI
NJENGOKO owe-1991 wawuqalisa, abantu babenethemba. IMfazwe Yomlomo yayiphelile. Liyinyaniso elokuba, kwakukho ingxaki yaseKuwait, eyayihlaselwe yi-Iraq ngoAgasti odluleyo. Kodwa iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zabonakalisa ukuba namandla kwazo ngokuyalela i-Iraq ukuba imele irhoxe ngoJanuwari 15. Eso sinyanzelo sasixhaswa yimikhosi emanyeneyo yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo eyayibunjwe ngamazwe angama-28 eyahlanganiswa ngokukhawuleza neyayilungele ukunyanzela i-Iraq ukuba inikezele. Kwakukho ithemba elikhulu lokuba inyathelo elingqongqo elalithatyathwe ngabantu behlabathi lonke lalingumqondiso wokuqalisa kokuguquka kwezinto.
Owayengumongameli waseUnited States uGeorge Bush, ngelo xesha wathetha “ngento, enokwenziwa sithi nazizizukulwana ezizayo, ukuyila ulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi, ihlabathi apho ulawulo lomthetho, kungekhona ukhuphiswano oluqatha, luya kulawula indlela abantu bezizwe ngezizwe abazenza ngayo izinto.”
Ekugqibeleni i-Iraq ayizange iluse so usuku lukaJanuwari 15 olwalumisiwe, yaye oko kwaphumela kuhlaselo olukhulu lwemijukujelwa kumaxhoba omkhosi aseIraq. Licacile elokuba, ihlabathi lonke lalivath’ iqaqa. Kwisithuba esingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu kamva, ngoAprili 11, iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zavakalisa ukuphela kweMfazwe eyayikwiGulf. Isithembiso solungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi elinoxolo, elizinzileyo ngokwezoqoqosho nangokwezobupolitika sabonakala sisiba yinto yokwenene.
Iimfazwe Zikho Ngendlela Enxunguphalisayo
Phakathi kowe-1991 iiriphabliki ezimbini, iSlovenia neCroatia, zakhululeka kwiYugoslavia yelo xesha, ziqalisa imfazwe yamakhaya eyathi ekugqibeleni yakhokelela ekusekweni kwezizwe eziliqela ezahluleleneyo. Kwisithuba esingaphantsi konyaka kamva, ingcali yezobupolitika yaseFransi uPierre Hassner yathi: “NjengakwiYurophu yangaphambi kowe-1914, ulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi lukaGeorge Bush lwaphela eSarajevo.” Sekunjalo, ithemba loxolo labonakala liqaqamba xa kwaqaliswa uthethathethwano eDayton, eOhio, eUnited States, ngoNovemba 1995 kwaza kwatyikitywa isivumelwano soxolo eParis ngoDisemba 14. Njengoko owe-1995 wawufikelela esiphelweni, kwaphinda kwakho ithemba lokuba ulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi lwalungekapheli.
Iiriphabliki zeUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics zazisahlukana ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngowe-1991, iLithuania, iEstonia, neLatvia zaba zezokuqala ukukhululeka, ngokukhawuleza zilandelwa ngamanye amazwe. Iqela lamazwe elingekho phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo nelaziwa ngokuba yiCommonwealth of Independent States lasekwa ngoDisemba, nangona amanye amazwe awayesakuba ngamalungu eSoviet Union ala ukuba yinxalenye yalo. Emva koko, ngoDisemba 25, okaGorbachev wazibeka phantsi iintambo njengomongameli weSoviet.
Noko ke, kwaqalisa ukuvela nezinye iiriphabliki. Ngokomzekelo, iChechnya, ilizwana elinamaSilamsi kummandla osemantla weRashiya iCaucasus, yayisilwela inkululeko. Ukuyeka kwayo ekupheleni kowe-1994 kwabangela imbambano phakathi kwamajoni aseRashiya. Nangona abangama-30 000 babesele bephulukene nobomi babo ukususela ekuqaleni kweli xesha lamanqam ebutsheni beeminyaka yee-1990, imfazwe ibisaqhubeka ukuza kuthi ga kulo nyaka.
Ngo-Oktobha 1995, bekukho ungquzulwano lwamazwe oluphakathi kwama-27 nama-46—ehlabathini lonke—kuxhomekeka kwindlela oluchazwa ngayo.
Kungekudala Luza Kungabi Namali
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1990, ulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi aluzange lungqineke lungazinzanga ngokwezobupolitika nje kuphela kodwa lwangqineka lungazinzanga nangokwezoqoqosho.
Ngowe-1991, iNicaragua yalithoba ixabiso lemali yayo, kodwa izigidi ezingama-70 zee-cordoba zazixabisa irandi nje kuphela. Kwangaxeshanye, iZaire yayinomlinganiselo wokunyuka kwamaxabiso ongama-850 ekhulwini, oko kunyanzela abemi balapho ukuba banyamezele omnye weyona migangatho iphantsi yokuphila ehlabathini. NakwelaseRashiya imeko yezoqoqosho yayinkenenkene. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwaya kutsho kuma-2200 ekhulwini ngonyaka ngowe-1992, oko kusenza imali iphantse ingabi naxabiso. Nangona ekugqibeleni izinto zaphucuka, ngowe-1995 iingxaki zezoqoqosho bekusekude ukuba ziphele.
Ngowe-1991, kwavela amanyundululu abandakanya imali xa iBank of Credit & Commerce International yathi yatshona, oko kubangelwa bubuqhetseba nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Ababegcinise imali yabo kumazwe angama-62 balahlekelwa ngamawaka ezigidi zeerandi.
Akuzange kugungqiswe amazwe abuthathaka ngokwezoqoqosho nje kuphela, iJamani eme kakuhle yatsaliswa nzima ziindleko zomanyano lwayo. Ukungaqeshwa kwanda njengoko abasebenzi babefuna ikhefu elongezelelekileyo nokunyanyekelwa okubhetele kwempilo yabo. Imeko yezoqoqosho yaba mandundu ngakumbi ngenxa yokungabikho rhoqo kwabantu emisebenzini nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwengxowa-mali ejongene nentlalo-ntle.
EUnited States, ungcelele lweentlekele ezinkulu lwabangela ilahleko enkulu kwiinkampani zeinshorensi, ezakufumanisa kunzima ukuhlawula ngenxa yaloo monakalo. Yaye ngowe-1993 incwadi ethi Bankruptcy 1995: The Coming Collapse of America and How to Stop It yalumkisa ngeengozi zokunyuka kwemali yeli tyala yamazwe athile namatyala ajingayo. Kwaneinshorensi ezinze ngeyona ndlela yaseBritani iLloyd’s of London yathandatyuzwa. Ithwaxwa kukuhlawula iilahleko, kwanyanzeleka ukuba icinge ngento engazange iyicinge—ukuzivakalisa ingenamali.
Unqulo, Ngaba Lunamandla Okuluzinzisa?
Ngowe-1991 iphephandaba lamihla le laseJamani iFrankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung lagqabaza lathi: “Eli phupha lolungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi livela kwisithethe samandulo seembono zaseMerika ngehlabathi zonke ezinemvelaphi engokonqulo neziye zathiwa qhushe kubuKristu.”
Ubani ebeya kucinga ukuba, le mvelaphi ingokonqulo, ifanele ilwenze luzinze ulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi. Kodwa enyanisweni ukuchaswa konqulo nemfazwe kulwenze alwazinza ngakumbi. Yaba yiAlgeria ne-Egypt kuphela koorhulumente abahlukeneyo ezazingavisisani nabo babebambelele kwiziseko zobuSilamsi. Omabini la mazwe ayebhuqwa bubugrogrisi. Kwizixholoxholo zonqulo eIndiya kwabakho ugonyamelo olwagquba kangangeentsuku ezisithoba olwalukhuthazwa lunqulo eBombay ebudeni bowe-1993 nolwasuba ubomi babantu abangaphezu kwama-550.
Ukungamanyani konqulo kwathothisa imizamo yokwakha ubunye ngowe-1994 xa iCawa yaseTshetshi yamisela amabhinqa angama-32 njengabefundisi. UPopu John Paul II wakubiza oku ngokuthi “kulenza mfiliba naliphi na ithemba lokumanyana kwakhona kweCawa yamaKatolika namabandla aseTshetshi.”
NgoAprili 19, 1993, ungquzulwano phakathi korhulumente waseUnited States namalungu ehlelo lonqulo, iBranch Davidians—olusele lubangele ukungamkelwa kwamahlelo eWaco, eTexas, nokubulawa kwamagosa amane aseburhulumenteni—nolusube ubomi bamalungu angama-75 elo hlelo. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva kwenziwa uphando kucingelwa ukuba ukuqhushumbisa kwabagrogrisi okwabulala abantu abali-168 kwisiXeko saseOklahoma kwakuyimpindezelo ngenxa yohlaselo lwaseWaco.
Ebutsheni bowe-1995 ihlabathi lothuswa kukuva ngohlaselo lwabagrogrisi ngegesi enetyhefu kuloliwe ohamba ngaphantsi komhlaba eTokyo. Abantu abalishumi bafa, yaye amawaka angakumbi agula. Lothuka ngakumbi ihlabathi xa ityala labekwa kwihlelo elifihlakeleyo elibizwa ngokuba yiAum Shinrikyo, okanye iAum Supreme Truth.
Imihla Ebalulekileyo Yezikhumbuzo Ekungekho Sizathu Singako Sakuyibhiyozela
Ngowe-1492, uColumbus engalindelanga wafika kuMazwe aseNtshona. Ukukhunjulwa konyaka wama-500 wokwenzeka kwesi siganeko ngowe-1992 kwabangela impikiswano. Abanye abazizigidi ezingama-40 abayinzala yamaIndiya aseMerika babengathi baphethw’ emanyeni yingcamango yokuba umntu waseYurophu “wafumanisa” imihlaba eyayihlala yaza yakhulela ookhokho babo kungekaziwa nokuba yena uya kuze azalwe. Abanye bayibiza le ntlola ngokuthi “ngumanduleli wokuxhatshazwa nokoyiswa.” Yaye enyanisweni, ukufika kukaColumbus kuMazwe aseNtshona kwabangela intlekele kunokuba kube yintsikelelo kubemi bomthonyama balapho. Abo babebizwa ngokuba ngaboyisi abangamaKristu babahluthela umhlaba wabo, ulongamo indili nobomi babo.
NgoSeptemba 1995, elakwaSirayeli laqalisa isikhumbuzo seenyanga ezili-16 sokukhumbula unyaka wama-3000 wokoyiswa kweYerusalem nguKumkani uDavide. Kodwa esi sikhumbuzo saba nesiqalo esilusizi xa iNkulumbuso uYitzhak Rabin yabulawa ngokudutyulwa sisigwinta ngoNovemba 4 kwimizuzu nje embalwa emva kokuba ithethe kwintlanganiso yokukhuthaza uxolo. Oku kwayigxobha imizamo yokufunwa koxolo kuMbindi-Mpuma, kubonisa ukuba ukungavisisani okunzulu ngokonqulo akukho nje phakathi kwamaYuda nabemi basePalestina kodwa kwanaphakathi kwamaYuda ewodwa.
Kwenziwa izikhumbuzo ezahlukeneyo zonyaka wama-50 phakathi kowe-1991 nowe-1995 ezinokuthanani neMfazwe Yehlabathi II—ukuhlaselwa kweZibuko lasePearl, okwakhokelela ekungeneleleni kweUnited States kuloo mfazwe; ukuhlaselwa kweYurophu yiMikhosi Emanyeneyo; ukukhululwa kwabantu kwiinkampu zoxinaniso zamaNazi; ukoyiswa kweYurophu yiMikhosi Emanyeneyo; nokuphoswa kwebhombu yeathom yokuqala eJapan. Ngenxa yegazi neenyembezi ezinxulumene nezi ziganeko, abanye abantu bazibuza enoba ngokwenene kwakuyimfuneko ukuzibhiyozela.
Oku kwakhokelela kwisikhumbuzo sesinye isiganeko esibalulekileyo, ukusekwa kwentlangano yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ngo-Oktobha 1945. Kwabakho ithemba elikhulu lokuba isikhokelo esisa ekufumaneni uxolo lwehlabathi sifumanekile ekugqibeleni.
Njengokuba uBoutros Boutros-Ghali, ongusosiba-jikelele weZizwe Ezimanyeneyo watshoyo xa wayezithethelela, bezisoloko ziphumelela. Kodwa azizange ziphumelele ukuzalisekisa injongo yomgaqo-siseko wazo, eyile “ukulondoloza uxolo nonqabiseko lwezizwe ngezizwe.” Ngokufuthi amajoni azo aye azama ukulondoloza uxolo kwiindawo apho kwakungekho xolo olwalufuna ukulondolozwa. Ngowe-1995, ziye zasilela ukunika ubomi kulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi olugungqayo.
Njengoko Ulungelelwaniso Olutsha Lwehlabathi Lwaluphela, Ulawulo Lobuthixo Lokwenene Lwanda!
Ngenxa yokungazinzi kwezobupolitika, ezoqoqosho nonqulo okwabangela amathemba abo olungelelwaniso lwehlabathi aphela kanye phambi kwabo, bambi abantu baqalisa ukuthetha ngokungalungelelani okutsha kwehlabathi. Ngenxa yoku amaNgqina kaYehova abona ubungqina obongezelelekileyo bokuba kuphela lihlabathi elitsha elenziwe nguThixo eliya kuba nebutho labantu elizinzileyo.
Kwamanye amazwe, ukuphela kweMfazwe Yomlomo kwathetha inkululeko engakumbi kumaNgqina kaYehova, kuwavumela ukuba aqhube iindibano zezizwe ngezizwe ezazisemagqabini eBudapest, eKiev, eMoscow, ePrague, eSt. Petersburg, eWarsaw nakwezinye iindawo. Ezi ndibano zalomeleza ilungiselelo lehlabathi lonke lamabandla amaNgqina kaYehova yaye zanceda ekukhawuleziseni umsebenzi wawo wokushumayela. Ngenxa yoko akumangalisi ukuba inani lamaNgqina akhutheleyo komnye wale mimandla lakhula ukususela kuma-49 171 ngowe-1991 laya kutsho kwi-153 361 ngowe-1995. Ebudeni baloo minyaka emine, amanani amaNgqina ehlabathini lonke lakhula ukususela kwizi-4278 820 laya kutsho kwizi-5199 895. Ulawulo lobuthixo lokwenene luyanda kunanini na ngaphambili!
Ewe, izigidi zabantu ngoku zisekele amathemba azo ekamva kwidinga likaYehova uThixo ‘lamazulu amatsha nomhlaba omtsha’ apho “kuza kuhlala ubulungisa.” (2 Petros 3:10, 13) Hayi indlela ekububulumko ngayo oku kunokukhangela kulungelelwaniso olutsha lwehlabathi labantu, olunesiqalo esigungqayo, noluya kuthi kungekudala ligungqiswe lingabikho!—Daniyeli 2:44.