Indlela Olwasinda Ngayo Unqulo
NGETHUBA iJamani yamaNazi ihlasela iRashiya ngoJuni 1941, amagunya aseSoviet ayesele eyitshayele iCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Kodwa emva kohlaselo lwamaNazi, amagunya aseSoviet aqalisa ukutshintsha isimo sawo sengqondo ngaselunqulweni. Yintoni eyaphembelela oku?
URichard Overy, ongunjingalwazi wembali yakutshanje eKing’s College, eLondon, wathi kwincwadi yakhe ethi Russia’s War—Blood Upon the Snow: “Ingqanga, igosa eliphambili leCawa uSergei [uSergius], wabongoza abo banyanisekileyo mhla kwahlasela amaJamani ukuba benze konke okusemandleni abo ukuze boyise. Wapapasha iileta ezimalunga namashumi amabini anesithathu kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, ebongoza umhlambi wakhe ukuba ulwele ilizwe elingenathixo owawuphila kulo.” Ngoko, ngokutsho kukaOvery, ‘uStalin wavumela unqulo ukuba luqhubeke kwakhona.’
Ngowe-1943, uStalin wada wayivumela iCawa yobuOthodoki ngokunyula uSergius njengobhishophu wayo omkhulu omtsha. UOvery wabhala: “Amagosa eCawa asabela ngokuqokelela imali kumarhamente ukuze kuxhaswe icandelo elithile lomkhosi waseSoviet. Abefundisi noobhishopu babongoza amabandla abo ukuba akholwe, kuThixo nakuStalin.”
Echaza eli xesha lembali yaseRashiya, umphengululi ngezonqulo waseRashiya uSergei Ivanenko wabhala wathi: ‘Impapasho yeCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya, iThe Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate, yamphakamisa uStalin njengenkokeli nomfundisi obalaseleyo wohlanga, othunyelwe nguThixo ukuze asindise uhlanga kwingcinezelo, kubanini-mhlaba, nakumakhapitali. Yabongoza amakholwa ukuba axolele ukufa ukuze akhusele iUSSR kwiintshaba zayo nokuze anikele ngako konke anako ukuze akhe ubuKomanisi.’
“Babexatyiswa Gqitha YiKGB”
Kwanasemva kokuba iMfazwe Yehlabathi II iphelile ngowe-1945, iCawa yobuOthodoki yaqhubeka isetyenziswa ngamaKomanisi. IThe Soviet Union: The Fifty Years, eyahlelwa nguHarrison Salisbury, yadiza indlela okwakusenzeka ngayo oku: “Ekupheleni kwemfazwe, iinkokeli zecawa zahambisana neMfazwe Yomlomo zifuna inkqubo kaStalin yokusebenzisana namanye amazwe.”
Incwadi yakutshanje iThe Sword and the Shield ichaza indlela iinkokeli zecawa ezazikhonza ngayo izilangazelelo zeSoviet. Ithi uBhishophu Omkhulu uAlexis 1, owangena ezihlangwini zikaSergius ngowe-1945, “wangenela iBhunga Lehlabathi Loxolo, umbutho ofihlakeleyo weSoviet owasekwa ngowe-1949.” Kwakhona le ncwadi yathi yena neNgqanga uNikolai “babexatyiswa gqitha yiKGB [iKomiti Yokhuseleko yaseSoviet] njengamagosa anempembelelo.”
Ngokuphawulekayo ngowe-1955, uBhishophu Omkhulu uAlexis I wathi: “ICawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya ixhasa ukusebenzisana ngoxolo kukarhulumente wethu kunye namanye amazwe, kungekuba iCawa ayinankululeko, kodwa ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yeSoviet isesikweni yaye ivumelana neengcamango zamaKristu ezifundiswa yiCawa.”
Kwinkupho yayo kaJanuwari 22, 2000, iThe Guardian yaseLondon, eNgilani, umfundisi wobuOthodoki ophikisayo uGeorgi Edelshtein ucatshulwa esithi: “Bonke oobhishophu bakhethwa kakuhle ukuze basebenzisane norhulumente wasesoviet. Bonke babengamagosa eKGB. Yaziwa ngumntu wonke into yokuba uBhishophu Omkhulu uAlexy waqeshwa yiKGB, waza wanikwa igama elinguDrozdov. Namhlanje imeko yabo yezobupolitika isafana nento eyayiyiyo kwiminyaka engama-20 nengama-30 eyadlulayo.”
Intonga Esekhosi KaRhulumente WaseSoviet
Ngokuphathelele ulwalamano lweCawa yobuOthodoki namagunya aseSoviet, iphephancwadi iLife likaSeptemba 14, 1959, lathi: “UStalin waluphatha kakuhle unqulo yaye icawa yayimjonga njengomlawuli. Intsebenziswano yobuOthodoki iqiniswa ziinkonzo ezikhethekileyo zikarhulumente yaye amaKomanisi kudala esebenzisa icawa njengengalo karhulumente waseSoviet.”
UMatthew Spinka, owayongamele imicimbi yecawa yaseRashiya, wangqina ukusondelelana kweCawa noRhulumente kwincwadi yakhe yowe-1956, iThe Church in Soviet Russia. Wabhala wathi: “UBhishophu Omkhulu okhoyo ngoku uAlexei ngabom uye wenza iCawa yakhe yasisixhobo sikarhulumente.” Enyanisweni, iCawa yobuOthodoki, yasinda ngokuba yintonga esekhosi kaRhulumente. Usenokuzibuza ukuba, ‘Kodwa ngaba oku kuphosakele?’ Kodwa, khawuhlolisise indlela uThixo noKristu abawujonga ngayo lo mbandela.
UYesu Kristu wathi kubafundi bakhe bokwenyaniso: ‘Aniyonxalenye yehlabathi, kodwa ndininyulile mna naphuma kulo ihlabathi.’ Yaye ngokucacileyo iLizwi likaThixo liyabuza: “Bakrexezikazindini, anazi na ukuba ubuhlobo kunye nehlabathi bubutshaba kunye noThixo?” (Yohane 15:19; Yakobi 4:4) Ngenxa yoko, ngokutsho kweBhayibhile, icawa izenze ihenyukazi lonqulo “abahenyuze nalo ookumkani bomhlaba.” Izingqine iyinxalenye yoko iBhayibhile ikubiza ‘njengeBhabhiloni Enkulu, unina wamahenyukazi nowezinto ezilizothe zomhlaba.’—ISityhilelo 17:1-6.
Indlela AmaNgqina Awasinda Ngayo
Ngokwahlukileyo, uYesu Kristu watyhila indlela abalandeli bakhe bokwenyaniso ababeya kwaziwa ngayo, esithi: “Ngako oko bonke baya kwazi ukuba ningabafundi bam, ukuba ninothando phakathi kwenu.” (Yohane 13:35) Olu thando lwaba yinkalo ephambili ekusindeni kwamaNgqina kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, njengoko kuboniswa yile ngxelo ilandelayo yeThe Sword and the Shield. “Abantu bakaYehova babanceda ngazo zonke iindlela abo banqula kunye nabo, abo bakwiinkampu [zamakhoboka] okanye abo bagxothiweyo, bebanika imali, ukutya nesinxibo.”
Phakathi “kokutya” okwanikwa abo babevalelwe ezinkampini yayikokomoya—iiBhayibhile noncwadi lweBhayibhile. IBhayibhile iqulethe ‘amazwi kaThixo,’ uYesu awathi siyawafuna ukuze sikhule ngokomoya. (Mateyu 4:4) Olu ncwadi lwaluthutyeleziswa ukungeniswa kwezi nkampu, ndlela leyo eyayibeka ubomi esichengeni, ekubeni nabani na owayefunyanwa esenza loo nto wayesohlwaywa kanobom.
UHelene Celmina, waseLatvia, wavalelwa kwintolongo yasePotma eRashiya ukususela ngowe-1962 ukuya kutsho ngowe-1966. Wabhala iWomen in Soviet Prisons, incwadi awabhala wathi kuyo: “Uninzi lwamaNgqina kaYehova lusebenza nzima iminyaka elishumi ngenxa nje yokuba neenkupho ezimbalwa zephephancwadi IMboniselo kwiindawo ahlala kuzo. Ekubeni abantu bebanjelwa ukuba nala maphephancwadi, inkxalabo yamagunya ngokubakho kolu ncwadi iyaqondakala.”
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuzibeka esichengeni ukuze adlulisele ukudla kokomoya kwakububungqina bothando lobuKristu! Kodwa ngoxa oku kwakuyinkalo ebalulekileyo yokusinda kwamaNgqina, kwakukho enye ebaluleke ngakumbi. UHelene Celmina wathi: “Akakho umntu onokuyiqonda into ebangela ukuba eli lizwe lizele ziingcingo ezihlabayo linokufikelelwa ngoncwadi olungekho mthethweni.” Kwakubonakala kungenakwenzeka, ekubeni wonke umntu owayengena entolongweni wayempampathwa ngokucokisekileyo. Lo mbhali wabhala wathi: “Kwakungathi iingelosi zibhabhe ngobusuku zaza zalushiya.”
Enyanisweni, uThixo uye wathembisa ukuba akasayi kubashiya enyanyeni abantu bakhe. Ngoko amaNgqina kaYehova kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union ayakwazi oku, yaye kanye njengomdumisi weBhayibhile, athi: “Khangela! UThixo ngumncedi wam.” (INdumiso 54:4; Yoshuwa 1:5) Enyanisweni, uncedo lwakhe lwalubalasele ekusindeni kwamaNgqina kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union!
Indlela Izinto Ezatshintsha Ngayo
NgoMatshi 27, 1991, amaNgqina kaYehova aba lunqulo olugqalwa ngokusemthethweni eSoviet Union ngokutyotyelwa koxwebhu olusemthethweni oluquka esi sindululo silandelayo: “Injongo yale Ntlangano yoNqulo kukwenza umsebenzi wonqulo wokwazisa igama likaYehova uThixo namalungiselelo akhe othando ngoBukumkani bakhe basezulwini obulawulwa nguYesu Kristu.”
Phakathi kweendlela ezichazwe kolu xwebhu zokwenza lo msebenzi wonqulo, kukushumayela esidlangalaleni nokutyelela amakhaya abantu, befundiswa inyaniso yeBhayibhile abo bakulungeleyo ukuphulaphula, kuqhutywa izifundo zeBhayibhile zesisa ngoncedo lweempapasho zokufundisisa iBhayibhile nokusasazwa kweeBhayibhile.
Ukususela oko kwatyotyelwa olo xwebhu kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo, iSoviet Union yaphela, yaye imeko yonqulo iye yatshintsha ngokuphawulekayo kwiiriphabliki ezili-15 ezazisakuba zezeSoviet. Kunokuthiwani ngekamva lonqulo apho nakwezinye iindawo zehlabathi?
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 19]
Ukusebenzisana Kwecawa Namagunya AseSoviet
Kwincwadi yakhe yowe-1945 ethi Russia Is No Riddle, uEdmund Stevens wabhala wathi: “ICawa yakulumkela gqitha ukungqavula isandla esiyondlayo. Yaqonda ukuba ukuze ibuyise izitya ngenxa yezinto ezintle ezenzelweyo, uRhulumente ulindele ukuba iCawa iyixhase ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yakhe ize isebenze phantsi kwemida ethile.”
UStevens wahlabela mgama esithi: “Njengoko iCawa yobuOthodoki yayigqalwa njengonqulo olusemthethweni lukaRhulumente, ngoko yendela nzulu kwizithethe zelizwe, nto leyo eyenza kwaba lula ngayo ukusebenzisana noRhulumente weSoviet.”
IKeston Institute iye yakuphanda ngokucokisekileyo ukusebenzisana kwamagunya aseSoviet noAlexis II, ubhishophu omkhulu wakutshanje weCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Ingxelo yayo yaqukumbela ngelithi: “Intsebenziswano ka-Aleksi yayingeyonto intsha—phantse zonke iinkokeli eziphambili zeecawa ezisemthethweni—kuquka amaKatolika, amaBhaptizi, amaSabatha, amaSilamsi namaBhuda—zazimiselwa ngamagosa eKGB. Enyanisweni, ingxelo yonyaka echaza ukumiselwa kuka-Aleksi ichaza namanye amagosa, amanye kuwo ingaweCawa yamaLuthere yase-Estonia.”
[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 20]
Ukufikelela Abo Basezinkampini
UViktors Kalnins, intatheli yaseLatvia, wachitha elona xesha lininzi lesigwebo sakhe seminyaka elishumi (1962-72) kwinkampu yaseMordovia, emalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-400 kumzantsi-mpuma weMoscow. Kudliwano-ndlebe nombhali kaVukani! ngoMatshi 1979, uKalnins wabuzwa oku: “Ngaba amaNgqina avalelweyo ayakwazi okuqhubekayo apha eUnited States okanye kwamanye amazwe ngokuphathelele intlangano?”
UKalnins waphendula ngelithi: “Ayakwazi, yaye akwazi ngokusuka kuncwadi alufumanayo. . . . Ada andibonisa amaphephancwadi awo. Andizange ndazi ukuba alufihle phi olu ncwadi; oku kwatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa wonke ubani wayesazi ukuba lukho uncwadi olulapho enkampini. . . . Yayinguphantsi phezulu amaNgqina kaYehova ezama ukufihla uncwadi logama amapolisa ayezama ukulufumana!”
Xa kwakubuzwa ukuba “Ngaba amaNgqina kaYehova azamile ukuthetha nani ngeenkolelo zawo?” uKalnins waphendula wathi: “Kunjalo kanye! Zaziwa kakuhle iinkolelo zawo. Siyazi ngeArmagedon . . . Ebesoloko ethetha ngokuphela kwezigulo.”
[Umfanekiso]
AmaNgqina awayekwiinkampu zaseMordovia abelana nabanye ngeenyaniso zeBhayibhile ngenkalipho
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 16, 17]
AbakwaVovchuk bagxothwa bathunyelwa eIrkutsk, eSiberia, ngowe-1951 yaye basaqhubeka bengamaKristu athembekileyo unanamhla
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 18]
Ngenxa yenkxaso yecawa ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, uStalin wavumela unqulo ukuba luqhubeke okwethutyana
[Inkcazelo]
U.S. Army photo
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 18]
UBhishophu Omkhulu uAlexis I (1945-70) wathi: ‘Inkqubo yeSoviet ivumelana neengcamango zamaKristu ezifundiswa yiCawa’
[Inkcazelo]
Central State Archive regarding the film/photo/phono documents of Saint-Petersburg