Ukuhambela Phambili Nokukhula Kwawo Kule Mihla
IMBALI yanamhlanje yamaNgqina kaYehova yaqala kwiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu eyadlulayo. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1870, iqela elalingaphawuleki kangako laqalisa ufundisiso lokwenene lweBhayibhile eAllegheny, ePennsylvania, eUnited States, ngoku eyinxalenye yePittsburgh. UCharles Taze Russell wayeyinkokeli yelo qela. NgoJulayi 1879, kwaveliswa inkupho yokuqala yephephancwadi iZion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence. Ngokusuka kwelo qela linye lesifundo seBhayibhile, ngowe-1880 kwasasazeka amabandla aliqela ukuya kutsho nakumazwe akufutshane. Ngowe-1881 kwasekwa iZion’s Watch Tower Tract Society, yaye ngowe-1884 yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni, waza uRussell waba ngumongameli wayo. Kamva igama loMbutho laguqulwa laba yiWatch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Abaninzi babenikela ubungqina kwindlu ngendlu behambisa uncwadi lweBhayibhile. Ngowe-1888 yayingabantu abangama-50 ababesenza oku ixesha elizeleyo—ngoku umlinganiselo weli nani umalunga nama-700 000 ehlabathini lonke.
Ngowe-1909 lo msebenzi wawusele usenziwa kumazwe ngamazwe, yaye ikomkhulu loMbutho lafuduselwa kwindawo elikuyo ngoku eBrooklyn, eNew York. Iintshumayelo ezishicilelweyo zafakwa kumaphephandaba, yaye ngowe-1913 ezi ntshumayelo zaziphuma ngeelwimi ezine kumaphephandaba angama-3 000 eUnited States, eKhanada naseYurophu. Iincwadi, iincwadana namaphecana zazisasazwa ngamakhulu ezigidi.
Ngowe-1912 kwaqaliswa kwenziwa “iPhoto-Drama of Creation.” Ngemifanekiso eshukumayo enelizwi, yagubungela ukususela ekudalweni komhlaba ukusa ekupheleni koLawulo LukaKristu Lweminyaka Eliwaka. Loo miboniso yayo yaqalisa ngowe-1914, ibonwa ngabantu abangama-35 000 suku ngalunye. Yaba yeyokuqala kwimifanekiso eshukumayo ukuba nelizwi.
UNYAKA WE-1914
Kwakusondela ixesha elibalulekileyo. Ngowe-1876 umfundi weBhayibhile uCharles Taze Russell wanikela ngenqaku elithi “Amaxesha Eentlanga: Aphela Nini?” kwiBible Examiner, eyapapashwa eBrooklyn, eNew York, eyathi kwiphepha 27 lenkupho yayo kaOktobha, “Amaxesha asixhenxe aya kuphela ngowe-A.D. 1914.” Enye inguqulelo yeBhayibhile ibhekisela kumaXesha Eentlanga ngokuthi ‘ngamaxesha amisiweyo eentlanga.’ (Luka 21:24) Akuzange kwenzeka yonke into eyayilindelwe ngowe-1914, kodwa kwaphawula ukuphela kwamaXesha Eentlanga yaye yaba ngunyaka onentsingiselo ekhethekileyo. Ababhali-mbali nabahlalutyi abaninzi bayavuma ukuba owe-1914 waba ngunyaka wokuguquka kwezinto kwimbali yoluntu. La mazwi alandelayo acatshuliweyo abonisa oku:
“Unyaka wokugqibela ukuba neemeko ‘eziqheleke’ ngokupheleleyo embalini yayingowe-1913, unyaka ongaphambi kokuqalisa kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I.”—Inqaku lomhleli kwiTimes Herald, eWashington, D.C., Matshi 13, 1949.
“Ukongezelela, ixesha leminyaka engama-75 ukususela kowe-1914 ukusa kowe-1989, xa kuqukwa iimfazwe ezimbini zehlabathi nemfazwe yomlomo, eli xesha lijongwa ngabaphengululi njengesihlandlo sexesha esinye, ixesha elahlukileyo apho abaninzi ehlabathini bebesilwa imfazwe, bezicheb’ iinduma okanye belungiselela imfazwe.”—The New York Times, Meyi 7, 1995.
“Lonke ihlabathi lavuthululwa ngokwenene yiMfazwe Yehlabathi I yaye asikamazi unobangela woko. Ngaphambi koko, abantu babecinga ukuba kusondela ilizwe eligqibeleleyo. Kwakukho uxolo nezinto zihamba kakuhle. Kwandula ke kwavuthuluka yonk’ into. Ukususela ngoko besisoloko sisemngciphekweni wokufa . . . Kule nkulungwane kuye kwabulawa abantu abangakumbi kunanini na embalini.”—UGqr. Walker Percy, American Medical News, Novemba 21, 1977.
Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 emva kowe-1914, elinye igosa likarhulumente waseJamani uKonrad Adenauer wabhala wathi: “Unqabiseko nenzolo ezo zinto azisekho kubomi babantu ukususela kowe-1914.”—The West Parker, eCleveland, eOhio, Januwari 20 1966.
Umongameli wokuqala woMbutho, uC. T. Russell, wafa ngowe-1916 yaye kunyaka olandelayo ezihlangwini zakhe kwangena uJoseph F. Rutherford. Zininzi iinguqu ezenzekayo. Kwaqaliswa iphephancwadi eliliqabane leMboniselo, elalibizwa ngokuba yiGolden Age. (Ngoku libizwa ngokuba nguVukani!, yaye kusasazwa ngaphezu kwezi-20 000 000 zalo ngeelwimi ezingaphezu kwama-80.) Kwagxininiswa kakhulu kumsebenzi wokunikela ubungqina kwindlu ngendlu. Ukuze azahlule kwiimvaba zeNgqobhoko, ngowe-1931 la maKristu amkela igama elithi amaNgqina kaYehova. Eli gama lisekelwe kuIsaya 43:10-12.
Kwiminyaka yee-1920 neeye-1930 kwakusetyenziswa unomathotholo gqitha. Ngowe-1933 uMbutho wawusebenzisa amajelo osasazo oonomathotholo angama-403 ukusasaza iintetho zeBhayibhile. Kamva, ukusetyenziswa koonomathotholo kwathatyathelw’ indawo kukwandiswa kwamatyelelo kwindlu ngendlu ngamaNgqina ephethe iigramafoni neentetho ezishicilelweyo zeBhayibhile. Kwaqaliswa izifundo zeBhayibhile zamakhaya naye nabani na obonise umdla kwinyaniso yeBhayibhile.
ULOYISO EZINKUNDLENI
Ebudeni beminyaka yee-1930 neyee-1940, kwabanjwa amaNgqina amaninzi ngenxa yokwenza lo msebenzi, yaye alwa ngamandla kumatyala asezinkundleni efuna ukukhusela inkululeko yokuthetha, yokushicilela, yokuhlanganisana neyokunqula. EUnited States, izibheno ezazisenziwa kwiinkundla ezincinane zaphumela ekuphumeleleni kwamaNgqina kumatyala angama-43 kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo yaseUnited States. Ngokufanayo, kuye kwafikelelwa kwizigqibo ezihle zenkundla nakwezinye iinkundla eziphakamileyo zamanye amazwe. Ngokuphathelele uloyiso lwawo kwiinkundla zamatyala, kwincwadi yakhe ethi These Also Believe, uNjingalwazi C. S. Braden, wathetha oku ngamaNgqina: “Aye aphumeza inkonzo ephawulekayo kulawulo-melo ngokulwela kwawo ukulondoloza amalungelo awo nawabantu, kuba kumzabalazo wawo enze okungakumbi ukukhusela amalungelo alo naliphi na iqela elincinane eMerika.”
IINKQUBO EZIKHETHEKILEYO ZOKUQEQESHA
UJ. F. Rutherford wafa ngowe-1942 yaye ezihlangwini zakhe kwangena uN. H. Knorr njengomongameli. Kwaqaliswa iphulo elikhulu lokuqeqesha. Ngowe-1943 kwasekwa isikolo esikhethekileyo sokuqeqesha abavangeli basemazweni, esibizwa ngokuba siSikolo seBhayibhile seWatchtower saseGiliyadi. Ukususela ngelo xesha, abantu abaphumelele kwesi sikolo baye bathunyelwa kumazwe omhlaba wonke. Kuye kwasekwa amabandla amatsha kumazwe ebengenawo, yaye kwamiselwa namasebe kumazwe ngamazwe ngoku angaphezu kwe-100. Ngamaxesha athile, kuye kwasekwa izifundo ezikhethekileyo ukuze kuqeqeshwe abadala bamabandla, amatsha-ntliziyo asebenza kumasebe nabo bakumsebenzi wexesha elizeleyo (njengoovulindlela) benikela ubungqina. Kuye kwamiselwa iindlela ezikhethekileyo ezininzi zokufundisa abalungiseleli kwiziko lemfundo lasePatterson, eNew York.
UN. H. Knorr wafa ngowe-1977. Enye yeenguqulelo zentlangano awaba nenxaxheba kuzo ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe yaba kukwandiswa kweQumrhu Elilawulayo, elikwikomkhulu lehlabathi eBrooklyn. Ngowe-1976 iimbopheleleko zolawulo zahlulwahlulwa zaza zabelwa iikomiti ezahlukeneyo ezibunjwa ngamalungu eQumrhu Elilawulayo, onke asele enamashumi eminyaka yamava njengabalungiseleli.
UKWANDISWA KWEZAKHIWO ZOKUSHICILELA
Imbali yamaNgqina kaYehova anamhla ibisoloko izaliswe ziziganeko eziphawulekayo. Ukususela kwisifundo esinye esincinane seBhayibhile ePennsylvania emva phayaa ngowe-1870, amaNgqina ngonyaka wama-2 000 aye akhula afikelela kumabandla amalunga nama-90 000 ehlabathini lonke. Ekuqaleni, lonke uncwadi lwawo lwalushicilelwa yimizi-mveliso yorhwebo; kwandula ke ngowe-1920 amaNgqina avelisa olunye uncwadi kwizakhiwo zemizi-mveliso eziqeshiweyo. Kodwa ukususela ngowe-1927 ukusa phambili, uncwadi olungakumbi lwaqalisa ukushicilelwa kwisakhiwo somzi-mveliso esinemigangatho esibhozo seWatchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc, esiseBrooklyn, eNew York. Ngoku esi sakhiwo siye sandiswa saba nezinye izakhiwo zemizi-mveliso nesakhiwo seeofisi. Kukho nezinye izakhiwo ezongezelelekileyo eBrooklyn zokuhlala abalungiseleli abangamatsha-ntliziyo ukuze basebenze kwezo zakhiwo zokupapasha. Ukongezelela koku, kukho ifama edibene nomzi-mveliso wokushicilela kufutshane naseWallkill, kumantla eNew York. Apha kushicilelwa amaphephancwadi IMboniselo noVukani! yaye kuveliswa ukutya kwabo balungiseleli bakhonza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Itsha-ntliziyo ngalinye lifumana umxhesho omncinane wenyanga ukulungiselela iindleko zalo.
IINDIBANO ZEZIZWE NGEZIZWE
Ngowe-1893 kwaqhutywa indibano enkulu yokuqala eChicago, eIllinois, eUnited States. Kwakukho abantu abangama-360, yaye kwabhaptizwa abatsha abangama-70. Indibano enye yokugqibela neyona inkulu yezizwe ngezizwe yaqhutywa kwisiXeko saseNew York ngowe-1958. Kwasetyenziswa iYankee Stadium nePolo Grounds eyayikho ngoko. Incopho yababekho yayingama-253 922; kwabhaptizwa abatsha abangama-7 136. Ukususela ngoko iindibano zezizwe ngezizwe ziye zaqhutywa njengongcelele lweendibano kumazwe amaninzi. Xa zizonke, ezo ndibano zilungcelele zisenokubandakanya iindibano eziliwaka kumazwe asehlabathini lonke.
[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 8]
Inkonzo ephawulekayo kumalungelo abemi
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 6]
“IMboniselo,” ukususela kwezingama-6 000 ngolwimi olunye ukusa kwezingaphezu kwama-22 000 000 ngeelwimi ezingaphezu kwe-132
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 7]
Ixesha leenguqulelo kwimbali yoluntu
[Umfanekiso ozalise iphepha, kwiphepha 10]