Amahlelo—Ayintoni?
NGOFEBRUWARI 28, 1993—amagosa ezomthetho angaphezu kwekhulu agqogqa izakhiwo ezazihlala amadoda, abafazi kunye nabantwana abaninzi. Injongo yawo yayikukukhangela izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni aze abambe isaphuli-mthetho esasirhanelwa. Noko ke, la magosa amangaliswa xa kwaphuma imvula yeembumbulu ngaphakathi kwezo zakhiwo zijoliswe kuwo. Nawo aphindisa ngokudubula.
Olu ngquzulwano lwashiya itshoba lilele umbethe kubantu abalishumi yaye abaninzi benzakele. Kwiintsuku ezingama-50 ezalandelayo, amagosa aseburhulumenteni angamakhulu arhangqa ezi zakhiwo zibiyelweyo ephethe imipu eyaneleyo ukuze alwe idabi elincinane. Umphumo woko waba kukufa kwabangama-86, ubuncinane kuquka nabantwana abali-17.
Kodwa yayingubani olu tshaba? Ngaba yayiliqela elithengisa iziyobisi? Ngaba kwakusiliwa nabanqolobi? Akunjalo. Njengoko usenokuba uyazi, “utshaba” yayiliqela labantu bonqulo abazinikeleyo, amalungu ehlelo. Intlekele eyabahlelayo yabangela ukuba indawo engadumanga kangako ekumathafa akumbindi weTexas, eUnited States, kuthethwe ngayo kumazwe ngamazwe. Amajelo eendaba azalisa amaza omoya kunye neempapasho ngeengxelo, ngohlolisiso, nangamagqabaza amaninzi athetha ngeengozi zamahlelo anenzondelelo yempambano.
Abantu babekhunjuzwa ngeziganeko ezidluleyo ekwathi kuzo amalungu amahlelo akhokelelwa ekufeni ziinkokeli zawo: ukubulawa kwabantu okwenziwa liqela likaManson eKhalifoniya ngowe-1969; ukuzibulala kwamalungu amaninzi gqitha ehlelo ngowe-1978 eJonestown, eGuyana; isivumelwano sowe-1987 sokubulala nesokuzibulala esenziwa yinkokeli yehlelo uPark Soon-ja waseKorea, esakhokelela ekufeni kwamalungu angama-32. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, uninzi lwaba bantu lwaluzibanga lungamaKristu yaye lwalusithi luyayikholelwa iBhayibhile.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba, abaninzi abayihlonelayo iBhayibhile njengeLizwi likaThixo bayothuswa yindlela la mahlelo azisebenzisa kakubi ngokungenazintloni ngayo iZibhalo. Ngenxa yoko, ukutyhubela iminyaka kuye kwasekwa amakhulu eentlangano ngenjongo yokubeka esweni amahlelo nokubhenca izenzo zawo eziyingozi. Iingcali ngendlela aqhuba ngayo amahlelo zicingela ukuba kwiminyaka nje embalwa ukuza kwewaka leminyaka kusenokubangela ukwanda kwamahlelo. Elinye iphephancwadi leendaba laphawula ukuba ngokutsho kwamaqela achasene namahlelo, kukho amawaka amahlelo “kweli hlabathi alungele ukuwuthi xhwii umzimba wakho, alawule ingqondo yakho, onakalise nomphefumlo wakho. . . . Ambalwa axhobileyo kodwa maninzi agqalwa njengayingozi. Aya kukukhohlisa aze athabathe imali yakho nezinto zakho, akutshatise aze akungcwabe.”
Yintoni Ihlelo?
Igama elithi “ihlelo” lisetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo ngabaninzi abasenokuba abaziqondi ngokupheleleyo iintsingiselo zalo. Ukuze baphephe ukudideka, bambi abafundi ngezakwalizwi bayakuphepha ukusebenzisa eli gama.
IThe World Book Encyclopedia ichaza ukuba “ngokuqhelekileyo, igama elithi ihlelo lalibhekisela kulo naluphi na uhlobo lonqulo okanye umbhiyozo ongokwesithethe.” Ngokwaloo ngcaciso, zonke iintlangano zonqulo beziya kugqalwa njengamahlelo. Noko ke, ngokwendlela elisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngayo namhlanje, igama elithi “ihlelo” linentsingiselo eyahlukileyo. Kwale ntyilalwazi ithi “ukususela phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1900, izinto ebezipapashwa ngamahlelo ziye zayiguqula intsingiselo yeli gama. Namhlanje, eli gama lisetyenziswa kumaqela alandela inkokeli ephilayo ekhuthaza iimfundiso nezenzo ezitsha ezingaqhelekanga.”
Lisamkela indlela eqhelekileyo elisetyenziswa ngayo eli gama, iphephancwadi iNewsweek lichaza ukuba amahlelo “ngokuqhelekileyo ngamaqela amancinane, aneembono ezingekho ngqiqweni athi amalungu awo afumane igama kunye nenjongo yawo kumntu omnye, onamandla angaqhelekanga.” Ngokufanayo, iphephancwadi iAsiaweek lithi “eli gama [ihlelo] alinantsingiselo icacileyo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo libhekisela kwiqela elitsha lonqulo elisekelwe kwinkokeli enamandla angaqhelekanga, edla ngokuthi yona inguThixo ongumntu.”
Isigama esasetyenziswa kwisindululo esakhutshwa ngaxhatha linye kwiNgqungquthela ye-100 yeLizwana laseMaryland, eUnited States, kwakhona sidlulisela intsingiselo engathandekiyo yegama elithi ihlelo. Esi sindululo sithi “ihlelo liqela okanye umbutho ozinikele ngokugqithiseleyo emntwini okanye kwingcamango ethile nosebenzisa ngobuchule iindlela ezingcolileyo zobuqhinga ukuze uhambisele phambili usukelo lweenkokeli zawo.”
Licacile elokuba, ngokuqhelekileyo amahlelo aqondwa njengamaqela onqulo aneembono nezenzo ezingekho ngqiqweni ezingqubanayo noko kwamkelwa njengokuqhelekileyo entlalweni namhlanje. Ngokuqhelekileyo imisebenzi yawo yonqulo ayenzela emfihlekweni. Enyanisweni uninzi lwala maqela amahlelo luyazikhetha luze luzihlalele kwiindawo ezithile. Azinikela ngokupheleleyo kwinkokeli engumntu ezibekileyo. Ngokufuthi ezi nkokeli ziqhayisa ngelithi zinyulwe nguThixo okanye zide zithi zona zingoothixo.
Ngezinye izihlandlo, iintlangano ezichasene namahlelo kunye namajelo eendaba aye athi amaNgqina kaYehova alihlelo. Amanqaku amaninzi amaphephancwadi akutshanje aquka amaNgqina kumaqela aziwayo ngezenzo zawo ezingatshongo khona. Kodwa ngaba kuchanile ukuthi amaNgqina kaYehova aliqela lonqulo elincinane elineembono ezingekho ngqiqweni? Ngokufuthi amalungu ehlelo ayazahlula kubahlobo, kwintsapho, nakwibutho labantu ngokubanzi. Ngaba anjalo amaNgqina kaYehova? Ngaba amaNgqina asebenzisa iindlela ezikhohlisayo nezingcolileyo ukuze afumane amalungu?
Iinkokeli zamahlelo zaziwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela zobuqhinga ukuze zilawule iingqondo zabalandeli bazo. Ngaba bukho nabuphi na ubungqina bokuba amaNgqina kaYehova ayakwenza oku? Ngaba unqulo lwawo lwenziwa emfihlekweni? Ngaba alandela yaye ahlonela inkokeli engumntu? Kanye kanye, ngaba amaNgqina kaYehova alihlelo?
[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 3]
Jerry Hoefer/Fort Worth Star Telegram/Sipa Press