Imvelaphi Yokungakholelwa Kubukho BukaThixo

SIPHILA kwisijikelezi-langa esizaliswe ziinkathazo; ukuphos’ iliso kwimixholo yamaphephandaba mihla le kungqina eso sibakala. Imeko emaxongo yehlabathi lethu iye yabangela abaninzi babuthandabuza ubukho bukaThixo. Bambi, abathi ababukholelwa ubukho bukaThixo, bade bakhanyele nobukho bakhe. Ngaba kunjalo ngawe?

Ukukholelwa okanye ukungakholelwa kuThixo kunokuyichaphazela ngokunzulu indlela olijonga ngayo ikamva. Ngaphandle koThixo, ukusinda kohlanga lwabantu kusezandleni zomntu ngokupheleleyo—leyo yingcamango enganik’ ithemba, xa ucinga ngamandla omntu okutshabalalisa. Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba uThixo ukho, ngoko umele ukuba uyakwamkela ukuba ubomi kwesi sijikelezi-langa bunayo injongo—injongo eseza kuzaliseka.

Nangona ukukhanyelwa kobukho bukaThixo bekukho ukutyhubela imbali, kuphela kukwiinkulungwane zakutshanje okuye ukuthandwa kokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo kwasasazeka. Ngaba uyasazi isizathu?

Ukuqonda Imvelaphi Yako

Umthi omde ngumbono omangalisayo. Ukanti, iliso libona amagqabi, amasebe, nesiqu kuphela. Iingcambu—umthombo wobomi bomthi—zifihlakele ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Kukwanjalo nokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo. Njengomthi ophakamileyo, ukukhanyelwa kobukho bukaThixo kwakhula ngokumangalisayo ngenkulungwane ye-19. Ngaba ubomi nendalo iphela zazinokubakho ngaphandle koMbangi woBomi onamandla angaphezu kwawomntu? Ngaba ukunqula uMdali onjalo kuyinkcitha-xesha? Iimpendulo zezithandi zobulumko eziphambili zaloo mihla zicace okwekati emhlophe ehlungwini. UFriedrich Nietzsche wathi: “Kanye njengokuba singasayifuni imigaqo yokuziphatha, nonqulo asisalufuni.” ULudwig Feuerbach wema ngelithi: “Unqulo liphupha elisengqondweni yomntu.” Yaye uKarl Marx, izinto awazibhalayo ezaziya kuba nempembelelo enamandla kumashumi eminyaka elandelayo, engafihlisi wathi: “Ndifuna ukwandisa inkululeko yengqondo kumakhamandela onqulo.”

Izihlwele zamangaliswa. Noko ke, oko zazikubona yayingamagqabi, amasebe, nesiqu sokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo kuphela. Iingcambu zako zantshula zaza zakhula kwixesha elide ngaphambi kokuqalisa kwenkulungwane ye-19. Okothusayo kukuba, ukukhula kwanamhlanje kokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo kwaphenjelelwa ziinkonzo zeNgqobhoko! Njani? Ngenxa yokonakala kwawo, la maziko onqulo aphembelela ukunganeliseki nokuqhankqalaza okugqithiseleyo.

Ukuhlwayelwa Kwembewu

Ebudeni bamaXesha Aphakathi, iCawa yamaKatolika yayiwacinezela amarhamente ayo. IThe Encyclopedia Americana ithi: “Iinkokeli zonqulo zabonakala zingakuxhobelanga kakuhle ukuhlangabezana neentswelo zokomoya zabantu. Abefundisi abakudidi oluphezulu, ngokukodwa oobhishophu, babekhethwa kwizidwangube ebuthweni yaye ngokuyintloko isikhundla sabo babesigqala njengendlela yokufumana udumo namandla.”

Bambi, abanjengoJohn Calvin noMartin Luther, bazama ukuyihlaziya icawa. Noko ke, iindlela ababezisebenzisa zazingasoloko zifana nezikaKristu; uHlaziyo lwaluzaliswe kukungazinyamezeli iimbono zabanye nokuphalazwa kwegazi. (Thelekisa uMateyu 26:52.) Zimbi iintlaselo zazinenkohlakalo kangangokuba kwiinkulungwane ezintathu kamva uThomas Jefferson, umongameli wesithathu waseUnited States, wabhala: “Bekunokuxoleleka ngakumbi ukungakholelwa nakuwuphi na uthixo konke konke, kunokumnyelisa ngenkohlakalo kaCalvin.”a

Ngokucacileyo, uHlaziyo aluzange lulubuyisele unqulo olunyulu. Kodwa, lwawanciphisa amandla eCawa yamaKatolika. Ngoku iVatican yayingaseyodwa ekulawuleni ukholo lwabantu abanqulayo. Abaninzi bathelela amahlelo obuProtestanti amatsha. Abanye, bengasenamdla kunqulo, babhenela ekunquleni ingqondo yomntu. Kwalandela isimo sengqondo sokukhululeka, sivumela iingcamango ezahlukahlukeneyo ngoThixo.

Ukuthandabuza Kuyakhula

Ngenkulungwane ye-18, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusebenzisa ingqiqo kwakujongwa njengesicombululo kwiingxaki zehlabathi. Isithandi sobulumko saseJamani uImmanuel Kant sabethelela into yokuba inkqubela yomntu yayibanjezelwa kukuxhomekeka kwakhe kwezobupolitika nakunqulo ukuze afumane ukhokelo. Wabongoza: “Funani ulwazi! Yibani nenkalipho yokusebenzisa ingqiqo yenu!”

Esi simo sengqondo saphawula iXesha Lokhanyo, elikwaziwa ngokuba siSizukulwana Sengqiqo. Liqhubeka ukutyhubela inkulungwane ye-18, eli xesha laphawulwa kukulufuna nasengceni ulwazi. Incwadi ethi Milestones of History ithi: “Ukuthandabuza kwathabathel’ indawo ukholo olumfamekileyo. Zonke iindlela zesithethe zakudala zazithandatyuzwa.”

Enye ‘indlela yesithethe yakudala’ eyahlolisiswayo lunqulo. Incwadi ethi The Universal History of the World ithi: “Abantu bayiguqula indlela ababelujonga ngayo unqulo. Bayeka ukwaneliswa lidinga lemivuzo yasezulwini; babefuna ubomi obulunge ngakumbi emhlabeni. Baqalisa ukuphelelwa lukholo konamandla angaphezu kwawomntu.” Eneneni, inkoliso yezithandi zobulumko zeXesha Lokhanyo yaluthiya unqulo. Ngokukodwa, zazibek’ ityala iinkokeli zeCawa yamaKatolika ezazinxanelwe igunya ngokugcina abantu besebumnyameni.

Ngenxa yokunganeliseki lunqulo, inkoliso yezi zithandi zobulumko yaba ngabaxhasi bobudeism; zazikholelwa kuThixo kodwa zime ngelithi wayengenamdla kuluntu.b Imbinana yaba ngabantu abangakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo ngokungafihlisiyo, njengesithandi sobulumko uPaul Henri Thiry Holbach, owayesithi unqulo ‘lwalungumthombo weeyantlukwano, impambano, nolwaphulo-mthetho.’ Njengoko iminyaka yayiqhubeka, ezininzi ngakumbi zakruquka yiNgqobhoko zaza zavumelana neengcamango zikaHolbach.

Hayi indlela okumangalisa ngayo ukuba ibe yiNgqobhoko eyaphembelela ukukhula kokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo! Unjingalwazi wezifundo zakwalizwi uMichael J. Buckley ubhala athi: “IiCawa zazisisiseko sokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo. Izazela zabaseNtshona zacatshukiswa kakhulu zaza zakruqulwa ziinkonzo ezazikhuthaza ukuvunywa kwezono. IiCawa namahlelo zazilenzakalisile elaseYurophu, zabangela ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi, zinyanzelisa abantu bonqulo ukuba bagwayimbe okanye bavukele, zizama ukusika okanye ukukhiqa abalawuli.”

Ukungakholelwa Kubukho BukaThixo Kukhula Ngokupheleleyo

Ngenkulungwane ye-19, ukukhanyelwa kukaThixo kwakuselubala yaye kunwenwa okomlilo wedobo. Izithandi zobulumko neenjingalwazi zazingenamathandabuzo ngokuzivakalisa ngokuphandle izimvo zazo. Omnye owayengakufihli ukungakholelwa kwakhe kubukho bukaThixo wavakalisa oku: “Utshaba lwethu nguThixo. Ukuthiya uThixo yingqalo yobulumko. Ukuba uluntu luza kwenza inkqubela yokwenene, imele isekelwe kukungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo.”

Noko ke, ebudeni benkulungwane yama-20 kwenzeka inguqulelo efihlakeleyo. Ukukhanyelwa kukaThixo kwathotha; kwaqalisa ukwanda kohlobo olwahlukileyo lokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo, luchaphazela kwanabo bathi bayakholelwa kuThixo.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 3]

UKarl Marx

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 3]

ULudwig Feuerbach

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 3]

UFriedrich Nietzsche

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 2]

COVER: Earth: By permission of the British Library; Nietzsche: Copyright British Museum (see also page 3); Calvin: Musée Historique de la Réformation, Genève (Photo F. Martin); Marx: U.S. National Archives photo (see also page 3); Planets, instruments, crusaders, locomotive: The Complete Encyclopedia of Illustration/J. G. Heck; Feuerbach: The Bettmann Archive (see also page 3)