Ukufuna Urhulumente Olawula Kakuhle

“Ukwanda kokusebenzisana kwamazwe kuye kwabangela iingxaki ezininzi ehlabathini lizwe ngalinye elingenakukwazi ukuzicombululela zona. Kuphela yintsebenziswano yehlabathi liphela enokusenza sihlangabezane ngokuphumelelayo neengozi neengxaki ezandayo uluntu olujamelene nazo.”—Ghulam Umar, umhlalutyi wemicimbi yezobupolitika wasePakistan.

IHLABATHI lanamhlanje lizaliswe zizinto ezididayo. Nangona kukho izinto ezininzi eziphathekayo ezibangqongileyo, abaninzi baphila ebunzimeni. Eneneni abantu abaphila kweli xesha lokhanyo basenokuba ngabona bantu bafundileyo nabanolwazi abakha baphila, sekunjalo abantu abaninzi bakufumanisa kunzima ukufumana umsebenzi ozinzileyo. Nangona abantu bebonakala benenkululeko engakumbi kunangaphambili, izigidi zihlala zisoyika yaye zinganqabisekanga. Sisenokuba singqongwe ngamathuba abangel’ umdla, kodwa ubuqhetseba nokuchas’ umthetho okwenzeka kwiindawo zabantu abame kakuhle nabangamahlwempu kuye kwenza abaninzi baphelelwa lithemba.

Umkhamo weengxaki abantu abajamelana nazo mkhulu kakhulu kangangokuba uzodlula lee ezo zinokuconjululwa lilizwe elinye, okanye kwaneqela lamazwe. Ngenxa yoko, abakhi-mkhanya abaninzi bagqiba ngelithi ukuze ngokwenene ihlabathi libe noxolo nokunqabiseka, zonke iintlanga zimele zimanyane phantsi korhulumente omnye. Ngokomzekelo, uAlbert Einstein, wayixhasa kudala ingcamango enjalo. Ngowe-1946, waqiqa ngelithi: “Ndikholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba inkoliso yabantu ehlabathini ibiya kukhetha ukuhlala ngoxolo nangonqabiseko . . . Umnqweno woluntu woxolo unokuzaliseka kuphela ngokuthi kubekho urhulumente omnye wehlabathi.”

Ngaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu kamva, lo mnqweno ubalulekileyo awukazalisekiswa. Lidwelisa iingxaki zenkulungwane yama-21, iphephandaba iLe Monde laseParis, eFransi, lithi: “Kufuneka kuyilwe inkundla, ulawulo nomgaqo-siseko worhulumente wehlabathi lonke okwaziyo ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza, naphi na ehlabathini, xa kukho indyikitya yokubulawa kwabantu ngenxa yobuhlanga. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwamkela ingcamango yokuba uMhlaba ulilizwe elinye.” Ngubani okanye yintoni enamandla nenokukwazi ukwenza oku ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuba abantu baya kuphila ngoxolo kwixesha elizayo?

Ngaba Izizwe Ezimanyeneyo Zinokuzisa Isicombululo?

Abaninzi baye banethemba lokuba intlangano yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo iya kuzisa uxolo ehlabathini. Ngaba urhulumente weZizwe Ezimanyeneyo unokuzisa uxolo nonqabiseko lokwenene ehlabathini? Alithandabuzeki elokuba, kukho iintetho ezininzi zobuciko zobupolitika eziye zavakala zichukumisa yaye zinik’ ithemba. Ngokomzekelo, kuxwebhu olubizwa ngokuba yi-“Millennium Declaration” [Isibhengezo Seminyaka Eliwaka] lowama-2000, iNgqungquthela yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo yenza esi sibhambathiso: “Siya kwenza konke okusemandleni ukukhulula abantu bethu ekuthwaxweni yimfazwe eye yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo, enoba ngabantu belizwe elithile okanye phakathi kwamazwe athile.” Ngenxa yeso sibhengezo iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ziye zafumana udumo nentlonelo kubantu nakumaziko amaninzi, kuquka neBhaso Loxolo likaNobel lowama-2001. Inikela uzuko kwiZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, iKomiti kaNobel yaseNorway yathi, “ekuphela kwendlela ephumelelayo yokuba kubekho uxolo nentsebenziswano ehlabathini liphela kungokusebenzisa iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo.”

Phezu kwako nje konke oku, ngaba intlangano yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, eyasekwa ngowe-1945, iye yazingqina ingurhulumente onokuzisa uxolo lokwenene noluhlala luhleli ehlabathini? Akunjalo, kuba ukuzingca nokuba nobuhlanga kwamazwe angamalungu ayo kuye kwenza ayaphumelela imigudu yayo emininzi. Ngokwamazwi omnye umhleli wephephandaba, abantu bavakalelwa kukuba iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo “zibonakalisa nje iimbono zabantu ehlabathini lonke” yaye “uluhlu lwemicimbi eliyixoxayo ibixovulwa kangangeminyaka kungekho sicombululo sibambekayo.” Umbuzo usamile: Ngaba iintlanga zehlabathi ziya kuze zimanyane ngenye imini?

IBhayibhile ityhila ukuba umanyano olunjalo luza kubakho kungekudala. Kuya kwenzeka njani oku? Yaye nguwuphi urhulumente oya kubangela lubekho? Ukuze ufumane iimpendulo, nceda ufunde inqaku elilandelayo.

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 3]

UEinstein wayexhasa ingcamango yokuba kufuneka urhulumente omnye wehlabathi

[Inkcazelo]

Einstein: U.S. National Archives photo