Izilwane Zasendle ZaseAfrika Ezinyamalalayo Ingabe Ziyosinda?
KUSEKUSENI, futhi kuthulekile ethafeni laseAfrika elinemithi. Inkunzi yendlovu iyahambahamba idla phakathi kwezihlahla. Ithandela umboko wayo onwampele ezihlahleni ezincane, iyazisiphula, ithintithe ukungcola, bese izifaka emlonyeni wayo, ihlafuna ngokwaneliseka; isendleleni yayo yokudla amakhilogremu ezitshalo ayi-136 nsuku zonke. Ayazi, kodwa iye yabona iminyaka engama-40 idlula ikulamathafa anotshani; izimpondo zayo ezinkulu zibonisa ubudala bayo. ingase iqhubeke eminye iminyaka eyishumi izale amazinyane futhi iphile elinye ishumi leminyaka ngaphezu kwalokho.
Kuqhuma isibhamu, siphazamise ukuthula kwasekuseni.
Inhlamvu ivela kuyinganono enamandla amakhulu; ingena ijule ohlangothini lwenkunzi endala. Iklewula ngokwesabekayo, iyendayende, futhi izame ukuhamba ngokudideka, kodwa kuza izinhlamvu eziningi. Ekugcineni iyaguqa futhi iwe. Kuma iloli elincane, futhi isigejane samadoda ngenjabulo silungela ukusebenza. Bagenca ubuso bendlovu ukuze bafinyelele umsuka wezimpondo ekhanda bese bezikopolota ngokushesha. Phakathi nemizuzu embalwa abazingela ngokungemthetho sebeshaye utshani. Ukuthula kubuyela ethafeni elinemithi. Inkunzi yendlovu endala eyake yabusa manje isingamakhilogremu ayizi-6 300 enyama, eshiywe lapho ukuze ibole.
Ngokudabukisayo, lesi akusona isenzakalo esingavamile. Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani lezindlovu ezibulawa minyaka yonke abazingela ngokungemthetho lisuka ezi-45 000 liya ezi-400 000. Ukuhlolwa kwezilwane zasendle kubonisa ukuthi ingqikithi yenani lezindlovu zaseAfrika liye lancipha lisuka ezigidini zalo zangaphambili liya cishe ezilwaneni eziyizi-900 000. Uma ukuzingela ngokungemthetho kuqhubeka ngezinga okwenzeka ngalo manje, lelonani liyoba yisigamu phakathi neminyaka eyishumi ezayo. Njengoba izinkunzi ezindala noma izindlovu ezinamazinyo amabili, ziba ezingavamile ngokwandayo, kudutshulwa eziningi ngokwengeziwe ezingamaduna ezisencane ngisho nezezinsikazi.
Kungani kunalokhu kucekela phansi? Ibhizinisi lokuhweba ngamazinyo endlovu lase-Afrika lezigidi zamaRandi ayi-100 ngonyaka, lihambisana nokutholakala kalula kwezikhali ezizishintshayo, kuye kwenza indlovu yaba yisisulu esingenakuzivikela sabazingela ngokungemthetho.
Ubhejane waseAfrika usengozini enkulu ngisho nangokwengeziwe. Njengoba uzingelwa kakhulu kulo lonke ikhulu leminyaka elidlule, inani lawo lase lehlile kakade laba cishe yizinkulungwane eziyikhulu esizukulwaneni esidlule. Namuhla, bamane bayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu abazingelwayo. Phakathi kuka-1972 no1978, kwabulawa obhejane abayizi-2 580 unyaka ngamunye; ososayensi abaningi bezinto eziphilayo besaba ukuthi bayobe bengasekho ngokuphelele ngonyaka ka-2000.
Kungani kunalokhu kubulala? Ngokwesibili, imali iyimpendulo evelele: uphondo lukabhejane lungazuzisa izi-R22 000 ngekhilogremu ezimakethe. Luthengiswa lusesimweni sokuba yimpuphu kuyo yonke iMpumalanga Ekude njengomuthi wobuhlungu bekhanda nomkhuhlane, nakuba ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi alusebenzi nakancane ngokuphathelene nalokhu. Imakethe enkulu ngisho nangaphezulu yophondo iseNyakatho Yemen, lapho izinsizwa ezisanda kuceba zilangazelela ukuba nemimese emikhulu ephathwa emikhosini enesibambo esinesithunzi sophondo lwendlovu—ngisho nakuba uphondo lwenkomo nalo belungayifeza ngendlela efanayo leyonjongo.
Phezu kwezintabamlilo zaseRwanda naseZaire, nasehlathini eliseduze laseBwindi eUganda, kuhlala amagorilla okugcina asezintabeni. Amanani awo aye ancipha acishe aphela. Njengamanje kusele cishe angama-400 kuphela endle. Ngani? Abulawa abazingela ngokungemthetho ukuze benze izindebe. Ikhanda legorilla lingathengiswa emakethe engekho emthethweni ngemali efinyelela izi-R2 400 ukuze kuhlotshiswe udonga, isandla salo singathengiswa nge-Rl 200 ukuze sisetshenziswe njengesitsha somlotha kagwayi!
Isilwane esigijima ukuzedlula zonke emhlabeni, ingulule, nayo futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi isondela ekuqothulweni. Kusele eziyizi-20 000 kuphela endle. Ososayensi baqhubeka bexwayisa ngokuthi ngokuyingozi lelinani elincane lingelezingulule zegazi elifanayo, ngakho isilinganiso sokufa kwamazinyane ezingulule siphakeme phakathi kwazo. Ngaleyondlela, zisengozini ngisho ngokwengeziwe ekucindezelekeni kokuncipha kwendawo ezihlala kuyo.
Eqinisweni, isidingo sendawo yokuhlala yezilwane zasendle zaseAfrika siletha izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, indlovu yasendle engena idle epulazini elincane ingase iwusongele kalula wona kanye umsebenzi wokuziphilisa womlimi. Kanti futhi, uma izindlovu eziningi kakhulu zivalelwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele yepaki noma yesiqiwu lapho zingeke zisongele izitshalo zomlimi, ngokushesha zingase zenze amahlathi epaki abe yizindawo ezinotshani ngemikhuba yazo yokudla kakhulu. Njengoba izindlovu zingakwazi ukuqhubekela phambili, amahlathi awanalo ithuba lokubuye amile.
Ososayensi bokugcinwa nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, onogada bamahlathi, nososayensi bonke baye balwa ngokutusekayo nalezinkinga futhi baye bathola impumelelo ethile ewudumo kubo. Ngokwesibonelo, eNingizimu Afrika, ubhejane omhlophe muva nje cishe ubufinyelela ekhulwini kuphela. Kwathathwa izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokubavikela, ngakho manje bafinyelela cishe ezi-3 000.
Kodwa nokho ingozi iyaqhubeka hhayi kuphela kubhejane waseAfrika nasezilwane zasendle zaseAfrika kodwa kunalokho, kuzo zonke izilwane zasendle emhlabeni wonke. EAsia, kokubili indlovu nobhejane kusengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa kunezilwane zasendle zaseAfrika esiye saxoxa ngazo lapha. Okusaphazamisa ngokwengeziwe, ukuthi ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi lonke uhlobo olulodwa lwezilwane luphela ngokuphelele nsuku zonke. Omunye umbiko waphawula ukuthi phakathi kwamanje nokuphela kwekhulu leminyaka, izinhlobo zezilwane ziyonyamalala ngesilinganiso esisodwa ngehora!
Ingabe singalubekezelela loluhlobo lokulahlekelwa? Ingabe imakethe yezidingo zesintu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingeyangempela noma ingeyokucatshangelwa, ngokunokwenzeka ingayivumela lembubhiso engenelisi?