Obhejane BaseKenya Abayizintandane
NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EKENYA
KWENZEKANI endle lapho isilwane esisesincane sihlukana nabazali baso? Kungenzeka sibulawe izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ukuze kuvinjelwe lokho, abanakekeli bezilwane zasendle eKenya bahlenga lezi zilwane ezincane bese beziyisa ezindaweni zezilwane eziyizintandane. Enye yalezi zindawo eyaziwa kakhulu ekaDaphne Sheldrick eseNairobi National Park. Sekungamashumi eminyaka uSheldrick ekhulisa izilwane eziningi abese ezibuyisela endle, izilwane ezihlanganisa izinyathi, izinyamazane, amaqaqa, izintibane, amaklolodo, izindlovu nobhejane.
Ngonyaka odlule ubenakekela amankonyane kabhejane amabili, uMagnette noMagnum. UMagnette ungumntwana kabhejane osaphila okuthiwa u-Edith waseNairobi Park. Le nkonyane yalethwa kule ndawo yezintandane maphakathi no-February ka-1997, idukelene nonina ngandlela-thile. Kwase kudlule izinsuku ezinhlanu lapho abanakekeli bezilwane bethola unina kaMagnette. Ngaleso sikhathi, ayesemancane amathuba okuthi unina wayesazomamukela ngenxa yokuthi kwase kuyisikhathi eside behlukene futhi le nkonyane yase inephunga labantu.
UMagnum wazalwa ngo-January 30, 1997, futhi ungumntwana kabhejane okuthiwa uScud, owaphuka umlenze wangaphambili, mhlawumbe ngokungena emgodini lapho egijima ngesivinini esikhulu. Nakuba kwenziwa umzamo omkhulu wokwelapha inxeba, ithambo lomlenze laqala ukubola, futhi kwadingeka ukuba uScud abulawe ngemva kwamasonto amathathu ezale uMagnum.
Ukukhulisa Ubhejane
Obhejane abancane bayajabulisa futhi kulula ukubanakekela, kodwa ukubakhulisa akuwona umsebenzi omncane. Phakathi nosuku njalo ngemva kwamahora amane, bancela ibhodlela elikhulu, elinobisi olungacwengiwe. Badla nezihlahla ezincane nezinkulu. Nakuba obhejane abancane bengamasentimitha angu-40 ubude futhi benesisindo esingamakhilogremu aphakathi kwangu-30 nangu-40 lapho bezalwa, bakhuluphala ngesilinganiso esimangalisayo—bandisa isisindo ngekhilogremu elilodwa ngosuku! Lapho usukhule ngokwanele, ubhejane uba nesisindo esingaphezu kwethani.
Abanakekeli bakaMagnette noMagnum bathatha nabo uhambo lwezinyawo olude epaki nsuku zonke. Lolu hambo alukhona nje ukuzivivinya; lufeza injongo ebalulekile—ukujwayelanisa obhejane nokuphila kwasendle. Ake sicabangele ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa kanjani.
Obhejane abanawo amehlo abukhali, kodwa basheshe balizwe iphunga futhi banenkumbulo emangalisayo. Ngakho, obhejane bazana okokuqala ngephunga. Baphawula imingcele yendawo yabo ngokushiya inqwaba yobulongwe (umquba) nangokufafaza izihlahla ngomchamo wabo.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, inkonyane ivikelwa unina, indawo yabo iba nephunga eliyingqayizivele elihlangene nelikanina kuze kube yilapho ezala enye inkonyane. Ngaleso sikhathi, ithole lisuke selijwayelene nendawo selamukeleka emhlanjini wobhejane osukhona kakade. Isimo sihlukile ngezifiki ezinjengoMagnette noMagnum. Kumelwe zinezele ubulongwe bazo emqubeni osukhona kakade wobhejane bendawo ngaphambi kokusondelana nabo. Ngakho phakathi nohambo lwezinyawo olude lwansuku zonke, obhejane abayizintandane nabo bashiya ubulongwe emqubeni osukhona kakade ehlathini. Ngale ndlela obhejane bendawo bathola iphunga labo, balihlole futhi ekugcineni balamukele. Ngakho-ke, ukubuyiselwa endle kobhejane abakhuliswe ngabantu kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi engathatha iminyaka eminingana.
Liyini Ikusasa Lalezi Zintandane?
Ngokwe-World Wildlife Fund, ngo-1970 kwakunobhejane abangaba ngu-65 000 e-Afrika. Namuhla abafiki ngisho naku-2500. Lokhu kuncipha okukhulu kangaka kuye kwabangelwa abantu abazingela ngokungemthetho abaye babulala obhejane befuna isikhumba nezimpondo zabo. Kulabo abadayisa ngokungemthetho, uphondo lukabhejane lubiza ngaphezu kwegolide elinesisindo esifanayo. Kungani luthandwa kangaka?
Phakathi kokunye kungenxa yokuthi eMpumalanga Ekude, abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uphondo olugayiwe lungelapha imfiva. Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali kuye kwabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka lokhu kuyiqiniso kuphela uma kusetshenziswa isilinganiso esingaphezu kwaleso esitholakala emithini yanamuhla. Kanti-ke, miningi eminye imithi eyelapha imfiva.
Uphondo lukabhejane lufunwa nangenxa yamasiko. Kwelinye izwe eMpumalanga Ephakathi, ummese ogobile uwuphawu lobudoda olufiselekayo. Ummese onesibambo esenziwe ngophondo lukabhejane uyigugu kangangokuthi abathengi bayazimisela ukukhokha u-R2830 ukuze bathole isibambo sophondo oluselusha no-R5850 ukuze bathole isibambo sophondo oselunesikhathi.
Ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungemthetho, iKenya yalahlekelwa amaphesenti angu-95 obhejane bayo eminyakeni engaphansi kwengu-20. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, leli nani lase lehle lisuka ku-20-000 laya ku-400. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ngenxa yezinyathelo ezinqala zokuvikela izilwane, inani lobhejane liye lakhula lacishe laba ngu-450. Manje iKenya ingelinye lamazwe amathathu kuphela e-Afrika anenani lobhejane elizinzile noma elenyukayo. Ngakho ikusasa likaMagnette noMagnum libonakala lilihle, futhi abanakekeli babo bathemba ukuthi ekugcineni bayozihlanganisa nomhlambi wobhejane bendawo baphile ukuphila okude nokujabulisayo.
[Isithombe ekhasini 12]
UMagnum (kwesokunxele), noMagnette lapho besenezinyanga ezine ubudala