Ingabe Izwe Lakini Liyisisulu Esiyinhloko?
NGENXA yokuthi ithenga ugwayi obiza kahle eBrazil naseZimbabwe, iUnited States inogwayi omningi. Ngakho izikhulu zikagwayi zingawuthengisaphi logwayi? Emazweni aseAfrika naseAsia. Ngaleyondlela, umagazini Asiaweek uyabika: “Amazwe aseAsia manje asethenga ugwayi ongamaphesenti angama-50 waseMelika, ethathela indawo iBrithani neNtshonalanga Jalimane njengezimakethe ezihamba phambili.”
Futhi yeka umcebo omkhulu oshwibashwibeka phambi kwabathengisi bakagwayi! Lemakethe iyoba nenani elikhulu labantu abacishe babe izinkulungwane eziyizigidi ezimbili phakathi neminyaka engama-20 ezayo. Inani lamanje labantu baseChina naseNdiya lilodwa liyashaqisa—ingqikithi ehlanganisiwe yezigidi eziyi-1 800! Futhi njengoba iWorld Health yasho: “Nakuba izimakethe zikagwayi zincipha emazweni aseNtshonalanga ngesilinganiso sephesenti elilodwa ngonyaka, ukubhenywa kukagwayi kuyanda emazweni athuthukayo ngesilinganiso samaphesenti amabili ngonyaka.” Futhi khumbula ukuthi izimakethe ezinciphayo zinenani labantu elincane kakhulu kunezimakethe ezithembisayo emazweni aseMpumalanga. Imboni kagwayi yaseU.S. ilindele ukuba ukuthengwa kukagwayi eAsia kwenyuke ngamaphesenti ayi-18 ngonyaka ka-2000. Kodwa okungenani kunesithiyo esisodwa. Izimali ezikhokhelwa impahla engenayo nephumayo ezweni.
Izici Eziphindwe Kabili Ekusakazeni Isifo Nokufa
Izinkampane zikagwayi zaseMelika zingawenza kanjani amanye amazwe ukuba amukele ugwayi wazo omningi? Ngokubhuqa, zinomsizi, othi lapho exwayisa umphakathi wakubo ngezingozi zokubhema, abe ethuthukisa ngentshiseko ukuthengiswa kukagwayi obulalayo kwamanye amazwe. Ungubani? Unguhulumeni waseU.S.!
IAsiaweek iyachaza: “Izikhulu zokuthunyelwa kukagwayi kwamanye amazwe ziye zathwala umthwalo kahulumeni waseU.S. . . . IHhovisi Lommeleli Wezokuhwebelana laseU.S . . . liye lenza konke elingakwenza ukuze linciphise izihibe zezohwebo futhi lifinyelele izindlela zokuxhumana neAsia ukuze izinkampane zaseMelika zisizakale—ngisho nakuba izimemezelo zokukhangisa ngogwayi sekuyisikhathi eside zavalwa kwezokusakaza zaseU.S.” Umagazini iWorld Health uyabika: “Izinkampane zikagwayi [zaseU.S.] zisebenzisa ithonya elikhulu lezombangazwe. Ukunswinywa kwezohwebo noma usongo lokunsinywa okunjalo kuye kwenziwa ngokumelene neHong Kong, iTaiwan, iJapane neKorea uma nje lamazwe engafuni ukuvula izimakethe zawo ukuba zidayise futhi zimemezele ngemikhiqizo kagwayi waseMelika.”
Okubi ngisho nangokwengeziwe, izinkampane zikagwayi azidayisi nje kuphela imikhiqizo yazo eAsia kodwa futhi zisekela ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo yazo ngokuyimemezela okucindezelayo. Amanye amazwe, anjengeTaiwan neNingizimu Korea, ngenxa yokucindezeleka, aze ngisho ayeka ukuvala kwawo izimemezelo zokukhangisa ngogwayi! Manje iChina nayo iphezulu ohlwini lwabakhiqizi bakagwayi waseU.S. Akumangalisi ukuthi esinye isikhulu senkampane kagwayi sicashunwe sithi: “Uyazi ukuthi sifunani? Sifuna iAsia.” Kodwa abanye bazibheka kanjani lezindlela zokucindezela okukhulu kangaka zaseMelika?
Ngokomkhulumeli weNew York Times, omunye usomabhizinisi waseKorea wakhala “ngokuziphatha okubi kweMelika ngokuhlohloloza abantu baseKorea ngogwayi waseMelika.” Futhi unephuzu elibalulekile. Lapho iMelika iviva impi ngokumelene nokungeniswa kwecocaine neheroin leyo eyisisekelo sezomnotho kwamanye amazwe, ifuna ukuthululela umkhiqizo wayo onobuthi kwamanye amazwe. Njengoba iMelika izisholo ukuba nezindinganiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha, ingabe kungokufanelekile ngayo ukuba iphoqelele amanye amazwe, amaningi ahluphekayo ngokwezomnotho, ukuba athenge imikhiqizo yayo ebulalayo kagwayi?
Amanye Ayaziphindiselela
Amanye amazwe aseAfrika anjengeGambia, iMozambique, neSenegal, aye avala izimemezelo zokukhangisa ngogwayi. Ungqongqoshe wezempilo waseNigeria ngonyaka odlule wathi uhulumeni waseNigeria “wawuzovala zonke izimemezelo zokukhangisa ngogwayi ezenziwa emaphepheni, emisakazweni, kumathelevishini nasemabhodini asemgwaqweni. Sizovala ukubhema kuzo zonke izindawo zomphakathi nasezintweni zokuhamba.” IPhaphama! yatshelwa (ngoJanuary 1989) umthombo wokwaziswa waseNigeria ukuthi lendaba isadingidwa.
IChina iyizwe elinabantu ababhemayo abayizigidi ezingama-240. Ngonyaka ka-2025, izikhulu zezokwelapha zilindele ukufelwa abantu abayizigidi ezimbili ngonyaka ngenxa yezifo ezihlobene nogwayi. IChina inenkinga enkulu, njengoba umagazini iChina Reconstructs uvuma: “Naphezu kokuba uhulumeni waseChina evale izimemezelo zokukhangisa ngogwayi, imibiko yasikhathi sonke yomagazini namaphephandaba ixwayisa ngemiphumela elimazayo yokubhema, nentengo kagwayi ehlale iphakama, inani lababhemayo eChina liyaqhubeka landa.” Futhi uyini omunye wemiphumela? “Umdlavuza, izifo zecardiovascular nezifo zokuphefumula manje zingababulali abakhulu eChina.”
Kwezinye izingxenye zeChina, kucatshangelwa njengophawu lokwamukela izihambi ngemfudumalo ukuba uzinikeze ugwayi uma zifika. Kodwa yeka intengo abantu baseChina abayikhokhayo! IChina Reconstructs iyabika: “Izazi zezempilo ziye zaxwayisa ngokuthi ukuphathwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyanda ngesilinganiso esikhulu.” Njengoba esinye isazi saseChina sasho: “Kakade sesikhokha intengo ephakeme kakhulu.”
Nokho, kukhona enye ingozi emandleni abakhangisi bakagwayi—ithonya labo lobuqili emithonjeni yezindaba.
[Isithombe ekhasini 10]
Isimemezelo esimelene nokubhema eHong Kong