Ukukhohlisa Kwesayensi—Ukukhohlisa Okukhulu Kunakho Konke

Izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zithi: ‘Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuyiqiniso; uNkulunkulu uyinganekwane.’ Abanaso isiqinisekiso sakho kokubili, kodwa umbono ongenasisekelo awudingi kuqinisekiswa.

INDAWO YOMUNTU. Ungangeni. Sisho wena, Nkulunkulu! Izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zifaka isixwayiso esivimbelayo esifundweni sesayensi yemvelo ephathelene nezilwane nezitshalo futhi zitshela uNkulunkulu ukuba angangeni. ‘Bonke ososayensi abaphambili bayakukholelwa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo,’ ziyasho. Ngokomphumela, zithi futhi: ‘Ososayensi abangakukholelwa abasibo ochwepheshe; bantula ubucwepheshe bethu.’ Ngokuphathelene noNkulunkulu, bathi akanandawo ekuhlakanipheni okungokwesayensi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nokuba khona kwakhe akunasiqinisekiso.

Futhi lokhu kuchilizelwa eceleni kukaNkulunkulu, kuwukukhohlisa kwabo okukhulu kunakho konke.

INew Biology, kaRobert Augros noGeorge Stanciu, ekhasini 188 iqokomisa ezinye zezinkulumo zososayensi abadumile ababekela uNkulunkulu eceleni: “Umbono ovamile uqinisa ngokuthi uDarwin uyamkhulula uNkulunkulu ngokuphelele kuyisayensi yemvelo ephathelene nezinto eziphilayo. UEldredge uthi, uDarwin ‘wasifundisa ukuthi singawuqonda umlando wokuphila ngezindlela ezingokwemvelo kuphela, ngaphandle kokubheka emandleni angaphezu kwawemvelo noma kuNkulunkulu.’ UJulian Huxley wathi: ‘Imfundiso kaDarwin yasusa noma yimuphi umbono kaNkulunkulu njengomdali wezinto eziphilayo engxoxweni enengqondo.’ UJacob uyabhala: ‘Umbono wokuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwezidalwa lwaklanywa ngokwehlukile uMdali, waqedwa nguDarwin.’ Futhi uSimpson ubhala ngokuvela kohlobo lokuqala lwento ephilayo: ‘Asikho nakancane isizathu sokucabanga ngesimangaliso. Futhi akudingekile ukucabanga ukuthi ukuqalisa kwezinqubo ezintsha zokuzalana nokuguquka ngokushesha kwamangqamuzana akukhona okungokomlando ongokoqobo.’”

‘Kodwa ingabe lokhu akukushiyi yini ukuphila emhlabeni kungenaye uMklami onguMdali?’ uyabuza. ‘Akadingeki,’ izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ziyaphendula. ‘Kusemandleni enhlanhla. Inhlanhla engaboni iwumklami. Siyibiza ngokuthi Inqubo Engokwemvelo Yokuphumelela Kwabanamandla.’

Kodwa lapho sifunda ngokwengeziwe, kuyilapho sibona umklamo owengeziwe. Amandla okuhlakanipha nokwazi ayamangalisa. Awayidluli kude yini inhlanhla engaboni, engacabangi, nengenangqondo? Ake ucabange ngembalwa nje emakhulukhulwini emiklamo yemvelo ebonisa ukuhlakanipha kokudala—leyo abasunguli abangabantu abaye bayilingisa ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Umklamo osemuva kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa otholakala ezimpikweni zezindiza wandulelwa amandla ekhono lokundiza kwezimpiko zezinyoni ngezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Inautilus enegobolondo eliyigugu eliyinzungenzunge nembambela yasolwandle zisebenzisa izigujana zesilinganiso samanzi nomoya zokuhlamba ukuze zilondoloze amandla okuhlamba kunoma yisiphi isilinganiso sokujula kwamanzi ezibhukuda kuwo, ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu ngokwengeziwe kunangendlela okwenza ngayo imikhumbi-ngwenya yesimanje. Izingwane zasolwandle okuthiwa ioctopus nesquid zingompetha bokutshuza. Amalulwane nezinhlengethwa kungompetha ekufuneni izinto ngamaza omsindo. Izilwane eziningana ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni zasolwandle “zinezihlahla ezisusa usawoti” zazo siqu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezizisiza ukuba zikwazi ukuphuza amanzi asolwandle. Amanye amabacterium angabonakali ngamehlo anezinto ezihambisayo eziphenduphendukayo ukuze zikwazi ukuya phambili futhi zihambe nyovane.

Ngezidleke zayo ezakhiwe ngobukhulu ubuciko nangokusebenzisa kwayo amanzi, imihlwa ifaka umoya ezindlini zayo. Izinambuzane, izitshalo ezingabonakali ngamehlo, inhlanzi, nezihlahla kusebenzisa indlela yakho “yokuncibilikisa iqhwa.” Amazinga amancane kakhulu okushintsha kokushisa nokubanda azwiwa ngamathermometer akhelwe ngaphakathi ezinyoka ezithile, omiyane, izinyoni zasemahlanzeni ezitholakala eAustralia, namabrush turkey. Imivi, iminyovu, nezinhlobonhlobo zeminyovu ephuzi kwenza amaphepha. Amasponge, okhunta, ibacterium, okhanyikhanyi, izinambuzane, inhlanzi—konke kuveza ukukhanya okungenakho ukushisa, ngokuvamile ngemibalabala. Ngokusobala izinyoni eziningi ezithuthayo zinamacompass ezingqondweni zazo, amabalazwe, namawashi angokwesayensi yemvelo. Izinkwelo zasemanzini nezicabucabu zisebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile zokugcina umoya nezokunikeza amandla okutshuza emanzini.a—Bheka imifanekiso ekhasini 15.

Ukuze kube khona wonke lomklamo nokuhlakanipha okulawulwa imizwa engokwemvelo kudingeka umklami onamandla angaphezulu kakhulu kwawomuntu. (IzAga 30:24) Kodwa ezinye zezibonelo ezimangalisa kakhulu zitholakala ezweni lezilwanyana ezincane kakhulu ngendlela engenakubaleka—lapho izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zazinethemba lokubona isiqalo esilula kakhulu sokuphila ukuze ziqalise ukuziphendukela kwemvelo endaweni yakho ephansi kakhulu kuya kwephakeme kakhulu yomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi obonakala yonke indawo—kuhlanganise nathi. Isiqalo esilula? Ayikho into enjalo! Cabangela imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi ebonisa ukuklama kokuhlakanipha emangqamuzaneni amancane kakhulu.

Ekhasini 30 iNew Biology ithi: “Ingqamuzana evamile ithwala amakhulu ezinqubo zobungcweti zamakhemikhali umzuzwana ngamunye futhi ingazikhiqiza kabusha njalo ngemva kwemizuzu engamashumi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Nokho konke lokhu kwenzeka kulesosilinganiso esincane kakhulu: amabacterium angaphezu kwama-500 angenela endaweni elingana neyechashaza elisekugcineni kwalomusho. [Isazi sesayensi yezinto eziphilayo uFrançois] uJacob umangaliswa indawo encane kakhulu yengqamuzana yebacterium, ‘efeza izingqubo ezihlukahlukene eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili ngekhono elingenakuqhathaniswa, endaweni encane kakhulu ngokungenakulinganiswa. Lezinqubo eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili ziyahlukana futhi zihlangane ngejubane elikhulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuba zixovane.’”

Ekhasini 13 no-14 leCenter of Life—A Natural History of the Cell, kaL. L. Larison Cudmore ithi: “Ingqamuzana eyodwa nje kuphela ingenza izikhali, ibambe ukudla, ikugaye, ikhiphe ukungcola, ihambahambe, yakhe izindlu, ihlanganyele ngokuqondile esenzweni sobulili noma ngendlela eyisimangaliso. Lezidalwa zisaphila. Amaprotist—izilwanyana eziphelele, nokho ezinengqamuzana eyodwa nje kuphela enamakhono amaningi, kodwa ezingenazicubu, ezingenazitho, ezingenazinhliziyo nezingqondo—ngempela zinakho konke esinakho.”

Ekhasini 116 iBlind Watchmaker, kaRichard Dawkins ikhuluma ngesilinganiso sokwaziswa okugcinwa engqamuzaneni eyodwa: “Kunendawo eyanele yokulondoloza kuyiDNA yembewu eyodwa yentebe noma yengqamuzana eyodwa yesidoda sesalamander ukuze ilondoloze iEncyclopædia Britannica izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingama-60. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilokazanyana ezincane kakhulu zasolwandle ngokubhekelwa phansi ezibizwa ngokuthi azinabo ubunkimbinkimbi zinokwaziswa okuningi kakhulu kuyiDNA yazo okulingana namaEncyclopædia Britannica ayi-1 000.”

Isazi sesayensi yezinto eziphilayo yamamolecule uMichael Denton kwethi Evolution: A Theory in Crisis, ikhasi 250 uyabhala: “Isayensi yezinto eziphilayo yamamolecule iye yabonisa ukuthi ngisho nezinto ezincane kakhulu kunazo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni namuhla, amangqamuzana ebacterium, ayizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwedlulele. Nakuba amangqamuzana amancane kakhulu ebacterium emancane ngendlela engakholeki, enesisindo esingaphansi [kwengxenye eyodwa yesigidi sezigidi eziphindwe kasigidigidi segram], empeleni ngayinye inemboni enokwethenjelwa encane kakhulu ukuthi ingabonwa ngamehlo enezinkulungwane zezingxenye eziklanywe ngokumangalisayo zomshini wamangqamuzanyana oyinkimbinkimbi, owenziwe ngokuphelele ama-athomu ayisigidi esiyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu, oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi umshini owenziwe umuntu futhi ngokuqinisekile okungenakufaniswa nalutho ezintweni ezingaphili.

“Isayensi yezinto eziphilayo yamamolecule iye yabonisa futhi ukuthi umklamo oyinhloko wenqubo yamangqamuzana uyafana kakhulu kuzo zonke izinqubo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni kusukela kumabacterium kuya ezilwaneni ezincelisayo. Kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo izindima zeDNA, mRNA namaprotein zifana nsé. Umsebenzi ofezwa imithetho yofuzo cishe futhi uyefana nsé kuwo wonke amangqamuzana. Ubukhulu, isimo nezingxenye ezihlangene zokusebenza komshini wokugaya amaprotein kusebenza ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke amangqamuzana. Ngakho-ke, uma kucatshangelwa umklamo wazo wezinqubo zobungcweti eziyinhloko, ayikho inqubo yezinto eziphilayo engacatshangelwa njengeyisidala, uma iqhathaniswa nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinqubo, futhi asikho ngisho nesibonakaliso esincane sokuhlangenwe nakho kokucwaninga ukuziphendukela kwemvelo ngokulandelanayo phakathi kwawo wonke amangqamuzana ahlukene ngendlela emangalisayo emhlabeni.”

UGeorge Greenstein uyakuqaphela konke lokuhlakanipha okuhilelekile esimweni sokwakheka komhlaba. Encwadini yakhe ethi Symbiotic Universe, ukhuluma ngochungechunge lwezenzakalo eziyimfihlakalo nezimangalisayo ezingachazeki, izenzakalo ngaphandle kwazo ukuphila emhlabeni obekungenakwenzeka. Amazwi alandelayo, avela kuwo wonke amakhasi 21-8, abonisa ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngezimo eziveza isidingo sikaNkulunkulu ohlakaniphile nonenjongo:

“Ngikholelwa ukuthi sibhekene nemfihlakalo—imfihlakalo enkulu nejulile, futhi imfihlakalo enokubaluleka okukhulu kakhulu: imfihlakalo yokuba isakhamuzi salembulunga, imfihlakalo yokufaneleka kwesimo sendawo.” Uhlela “ngokuningiliziwe lokho okungase kubonakale nje kuphela kuwukulandelana okushaqisayo kwezingozi ezimangalisayo nezingabazisayo ezavula indlela yokuqalisa kokuphila.b Kunohlu lwezenzakalo ezenzakala ngengozi, zonke ezinokubaluleka ebukhoneni bethu.” Nokho “uhlu belulokhu luqhubeka lwanda . . . Izenzakalo eziningi kangaka ezenzakala ngengozi! Lapho ngifunda ngokwengeziwe, ngaba nokukholiseka ngokwengeziwe ukuthi ‘izenzakalo ezenzakala ngengozi’ ezinjalo zazingenakwenzeka neze ngenhlanhla.” Iqiniso elidumazayo isazi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo okumelwe sibhekane nalo, njengoba ebonisa ngokulandelayo liwukuthi:

“Kodwa njengoba lokukholiseka kwakwanda, okuthile futhi kwakwanda ngokufanayo. Ngisho namanje kunzima ukuveza lokhu ‘okuthile’ ngamagama. Kwakuwukunengwa okukhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kwakucishe kube okungokomzimba. Ngangingahlaliseki ngempela ngenxa yokudabuka. Wona kanye umqondo wokuthi ukufaneleka kwembulunga ukuba kuphilwe kuyo kungase kube yimfihlakalo edinga ukuxazululwa wangishaqisa njengowubuthutha, oyinsumansumane. Ngakuthola kunzima ukwamukela lomqondo ngaphandle kokubonisa ukwenyanya . . . Futhi lokusabela akuzange kufiphale eminyakeni eminingi edlule: Kuye kwadingeka ukuba ngilwisane nakho ngokuqhubekayo phakathi nokubhalwa kwalencwadi. Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ukusabela okufanayo kukhona ngaphakathi kunoma yimuphi omunye usosayensi, nokuthi yikho kanye lokhu okuchaza ukungakhathali okwandile okuvumelana nalombono okwamanje. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho: Manje ngikholelwa ukuthi lokho okubonakala kuwukungakhathali eqinisweni kufihla inzondo enkulu.”

Yiphi inzondo? Inzondo yomqondo wokuthi incazelo ingase itholakale kuMdali onenjongo. Njengoba uGreenstein ekubonisa: “Njengoba sihlola bonke ubufakazi, umqondo wokuthi amandla athile angaphezu kwawemvelo—noma okungenani, aMandla—kumelwe ukuba ahilelekile, uphakama ngokuphikelelayo. Ingabe kungenzeka ukuthi ngokuphazima kweso, singazimisele, siye sakhubeka esiqinisekisweni esingokwesayensi sokuba khona koMuntu oPhakeme? Ingabe uNkulunkulu owangenela futhi ngenhlanhla walungiselela ngaleyondlela imbulunga ngenxa yenzuzo yethu?” Kodwa uGreenstein uyawulahla umqondo onjalo wokuhlubuka futhi aqinise kabusha imfundiso yakhe emisiwe enkolweni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ecaphuna esinye sezivumo zalenkolelo yabo: “Incazelo ayikho kuNkulunkulu.”

Isazi sokufundwa kwezinkanyezi uFred Hoyle encwadini yakhe ethi Intelligent Universe, ekhasini 9, ukhuluma ngalabo njengoGreenstein, abesaba ukungenela kukaNkulunkulu endabeni: “Ososayensi benkolelo emisiwe bakukhathalela kakhulu ukuvimbela ukubuyela ekweqiseni okungokwenkolo kwesikhathi esidlule kunokubheka phambili eqinisweni [futhi lokukhathalela] kuye kwabusa umqondo ongokwesayensi kulo lonke ikhulu leminyaka elidlule.”

Khona-ke encwadini yakhe ukhulumela lezizici ezifanayo eziyimfihlo ezihlupha uGreenstein. Uthi: “Amandla anjalo angokomphumela abonakala ekuso sonke isimo sezwe elingokwemvelo njengomucu wezingozi ezenzeka ngokuvumelana. Kodwa kuneziningi zalezenzakalo ezimangalisayo ezibalulekile ekuphileni kangangokuthi incazelo ethile ibonakala idingeka ukuze ilandise ngazo.” Bobabili uHoyle noGreenstein bathi inhlanhla ayinakuzichaza “lezizenzakalo eziyingozi” eziningi. Khona-ke uHoyle uthi ukuze kulandiswe ngazo, ‘isiqalo sembulunga sidinga ukuhlakanipha,’ ‘ukuhlakanipha okusendaweni ephakeme,’ ‘ukuhlakanipha okwasandulela nokwaholela esenzweni esihlosiwe sokudalwa kwemizimba efanele ukuphila.’

Akukho kulokhu okumelwe kuthathwe njengokuthi uHoyle ucabanga ngoNkulunkulu weBhayibheli, kodwa uyabona ukuthi ngalé kwembulunga nomhlaba nokuphila okukuwo, kumelwe kube nokuhlakanipha okukhulu kakhulu kwamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo. Nakuba esho ukuthi “‘uNkulunkulu’ uyigama elenqatshelwe kuyisayensi,” uyavuma ukuthi singase “sichaze ukuhlakanipha okuphakeme kakhulu kithi njengoNkulunkulu.” Ucabanga ukuthi “ngesimo sezingqondo zethu esiklanywe kusengaphambili,” kungase kube khona “iketanga elihlanganisayo lokuhlakanipha, elifinyelela phansi . . . esintwini esiseMhlabeni.”

Uthi: “Kunokuningi okubonisa ukuthi lokhu kungase kube njalo. Ukukhathazeka okungaphakathi kithi kungesinye sezibonakaliso ezinjalo. Kunjengokungathi sinokuhlakanipha esizalwa nakho kokuthambekela okungokwemvelo kokuthi kunokuthile okubalulekile ngathi okumelwe sikufeze. Ukukhathazeka kuba khona ngenxa yokuthi asikakwazi namanje ukuthola ngokushaya emhloleni ukuthi iyini imvelaphi yakho.” Kwenye indawo uthi: “Ukushiseka okungokwenkolo kubonakala kuyingqayizivele kumuntu . . . Uma inkolo ingaphucwa zonke izinto eziwubukhazikhazi eye yazithola izungezwe yizo ngokwesiko, ngaphakathi kithi kusayolokhu kuneseluleko esishiwo kalula esingase sifundeke ngokulandelayo: Uthathwe kokuthile ‘laphaya’ esibhakabhakeni. Kufune, futhi uyothola okwengeziwe kakhulu kunokulindele.”

Umuntu uyafuna ngokuphumputheka. Lokho akufuna ngokuphumputheka engakuqapheli yiqiniso leBhayibheli lokuthi sidalwe ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu, okusho ukuthi sinesilinganiso sezimfanelo zikaNkulunkulu ezinjengokuhlakanipha, uthando, amandla, ukulunga, injongo, nezinye izimfanelo eziyimbangela yomhosha omkhulu phakathi kwabantu nezilwane. Izingqondo zethu ziklanyelwe izimfanelo ezinjalo zobuNkulunkulu kusengaphambili nokukhulekela uNkulunkulu kweqiniso. Kuze kube yilapho lezimfanelo sezisesilinganisweni esifanelekile futhi kwenziwa ukuxhumana noNkulunkulu ngomthandazo nokukhulekelwa kwakhe kweqiniso, ukukhathazeka kwengqondo kusayoqhubeka. Lapho lezidingo ezingokomoya esadalwa nazo sezigcwalisiwe, ukukhathazeka kwengqondo kuyovumela “ukuthula kukaNkulunkulu okudlula ukuqonda konke,” ukuba kungene esikhundleni sakho.—Filipi 4:7; Genesise 1:26-28.

IzEnzo 17:27, 28 ziyakutusa lokuphumputha, okungukuthi, “ukuze zifune uNkulunkulu, ingabe zingamuzwa, zimfumane; ingani kakude kulowo nalowo kithi. Ngokuba siphila, sihamba, sikhona kuye.” Kungaye, uMdali wembulunga kuhlanganise nomhlaba nathi esiphila kuwo, ukuthi siyaphila, siyahamba futhi sikhona. Ukuchitha zonke izinto ezikhona nezimfundiso zamanga zezinkolo ezinezinkolelo ezimisiwe—lezo izinkolo eziye zalahlekisa izigidi eziningi kuNkulunkulu ngazo, kuhlanganise nososayensi abaningi—futhi ngokulandela ukukhulekela kweqiniso kukaJehova uNkulunkulu, siyozuza ukuphila okuphakade emhlabeni oyipharadesi, okwakuyinjongo yokuqala kaJehova lapho edala umhlaba.—Genesise 2:15; Isaya 45:18; Luka 23:43; Johane 17:3.

Kuwukuthatheka okukhulu kakhulu ukucabanga ukuthi ukuhlakanipha kwaloluhlobo olukhulu kangaka kusenhlanhleni eyize, engenangqondo. Kuwukholo olulinganayo nalolo lwabashisekeli benkolo abangamaqaba besikhathi somprofethi uIsaya: “Kepha nina enimshiya uJehova, nikhohlwe intaba yami engcwele, nihlelele iNhlanhla itafula, nigcwalisele isiMiselo iwayini elixutshanisiweyo.” (Isaya 65:11) Izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo zibheka ezigidini “zezinhlanhla” ukuze ziveze umuntu edwaleni, kodwa azikasuki phansi emhlabeni ukuze zifinyelele isinyathelo sokuqala sesitebhisi sazo senkolelo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. ‘Unkulunkulu wazo weNhlanhla’ uwumhlanga ofecekileyo.

UFred Hoyle unomuzwa wesibikezelo esithusayo kukho konke lokhu: “Elinye iphuzu elingihluphayo ukuqiniseka ukuthi ithuba elivulekile ngesintu lingase libe lincane kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ulwazi lwemfundo ephakeme lubalulekile ekuvuleni amathuba, kodwa imfundo ephakeme ngokwayo, ngaphandle kokwakha ubuhlobo phakathi kwethu nezwe elingaphandle koMhlaba, lungase lube yindlela eqonde ekuzibhubhiseni. Uma ngezinye izikhathi kulencwadi ukumelana kwami nenkolelo yemfundiso kaDarwin kubonakale kunobudlova, kungenxa yomuzwa wami wokuthi umphakathi othambekele ekuqondisweni yileyonkolelo cishe uthatha inkambo yokuzibhubhisa.”

UAlice, endabeni ethi Through the Looking-Glass, engawukholelwa umqondo ongavamile weNdlovukazi eMhlophe, wamane wazihlekela. Wathi: “Akusizi ukuzama. Umuntu akanakuzikholelwa izinto ezingenakwenzeka.” Indlovukazi yaphendula: “Ngikusho ngesibindi ukuthi awuzange ube nakho okuhlangenwe nakho okuningi. Lapho ngangineminyaka elingana neyakho ngangikwenza ingxenye yehora ngosuku. Ingani ngezinye izikhathi ngiye ngakholelwa izinto ezingenakwenzeka eziningi ezifinyelela kweziyisithupha ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni.”

Izazi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ziyiziNdlovukazi eziMhlophe zanamuhla. Ziye zaba nokuhlangenwe nakho okungapheli ekukholelweni izinto ezingenakwenzeka.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 12]

Wonke lomklamo nokuhlakanipha okungokwemvelo kudinga ukuhlakanipha okukhulu

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 13]

Ingqamuzana yebacterium inama-athomu ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 14]

‘Isiqalo sembulunga sidinga ukuhlakanipha’

[Izithombe ekhasini 15]

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