Ugodo Olusiza Ukugcina Abantu Bephapheme!
Ngomlobeli wePhaphama! eSweden
UKUNYATHELISWA kukamagazini iPhaphama! owubambe ngesandla sakho kuncike ngezinga elikhulu enqubweni eqala ehlathini. Iziqu zezihlahla zinokuluhlaza okungenziwanga lutho kokwenza iphepha. Kuqala ngalendlela. Kodwa manje ake sithathe uhambo ngezithombe futhi sibone indlela isihlahla esiba ngayo umagazini onjengePhaphama!
Ithuluzi elisesithombeni sokuqala lingumshini wesimanje wokugawula izihlahla, iprocessor, usebenza. Awugawuli nje kuphela izihlahla kodwa futhi ususa namagatsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usaha izingodo uzenze zibe ubude obufanelekile. Lezingodo zithuthwa ngeloli noma ngesitimela ziyiswe embonini yokugaya iphepha. Iloli eligcwele nswí lithutha amathani angama-20 ngesikhathi. Embonini yokugaya iphepha eyavakashelwa iPhaphama! ukuze ithole lombiko, njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15 kufika iloli ligcwele izingodo usuku lonke. Zonke lezingodo zingathululwa ngokushesha kusetshenziswa izidladla zemishini emikhulu, njengoba sibona esithombeni sokugcina ekhasini 25.
Eziningi izihlahla ezinjalo ziyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe iPhaphama! yenyanga eyodwa vó. Njengoba kusetshenziswa iphepha eliningi kangaka unyaka ngamunye, kumelwe kugawulwe izihlahla eziningi. Nokho, eSweden lokhu kuyinqubo elawulwa ngokucophelela okukhulu. Izikhulu zivumela ukugawulwa kwezihlahla kuphela uma kuzotshalwa ezinye kwezinye izindawo ezingangalezo okugawulwe kuzo, futhi ngalendlela, amahlathi aseSweden anezelwa njalo.
Umdwebo osekhasini 25 ubonisa inqubo phakathi emshinini wokugaya iphepha—iphalishi lifakwa kolunye uhlangothi futhi iphepha liphume ngakolunye. Kodwa likhiqizwa kanjani leliphalishi?
Okokuqala izingodo ziyasikwa zenziwe ubude obufanelekile, futhi amagxolo asuswa eyimibhoxo emikhulu . Khona-ke izingodo zihlelwa ngomshini ngobukhulu nangobude. Izingodo ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezithile zenziwa iphalishi emshinini wokugaya. Leliphalishi lingelinye lezinhlobo ezine ezihlukene ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni iphepha kulemboni. Izingodo ezisalayo ziyanqanyulwa zenziwe izingcezu bese zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza iphalishi ithermomechanical pulp. Uhlobo lwesine lwephalishi luvela ephepheni elisetshenzisiwe eseligaywa kabusha.
Iphalishi lokhuni olugayiwe lukhiqizwa ngokugaya izingodo ngamanzi, ngomfutho omkhulu naphakathi kwamatshe amakhulu okugaya. Umphumela uba iphalishi elikhiqizwe ngomshini.
Iphalishi elibizwa ngokuthi ithermomechanical pulp likhiqizwa ngokucolisisa izingcezu zokhuni ngamandla amakhulu nangokushisa ukuze kuhlukaniswe amakhafilithi elinye kwelinye. Lokhu kwenza amakhafilithi amade naqinile kunalawo enziwe ngomshini.
Iphalishi okuthiwa isulfite pulp likhiqizwa ngamakhemikhali. Lenzelwa ezitsheni ezinkulu ezibolisa izingcezu ngokuzibilisa ngemagnesium bisulfite, njengasebhodweni elipheka ngesitimu. Lokhu kukhiqiza iphalishi eliqine kakhulu lezinhlobo ezintathu zokuqala.
Uhlobo lwesine, iphalishi elivela ephepheni eligaywa kabusha, likhiqizwa ngemva kokuba iphepha elisetshenzisiwe seliye lagaywa futhi lasuswa uyinki neglue.
Ekugcineni, emshinini ojikelezayo imiqingo emikhulu yamaphepha isikwa ngokwalokho okufunwa abathengi bese iyapakishwa. Imiqingo esiqediwe iyahlelwa ngokwezindawo eya kuzo bese ithunyelwa kubathengi ngeloli, isitimela, noma ngesikebhe.
Manje iphepha selifinyelele endaweni yokunyathelisa eArboga. Umqingo wephepha ufakwa ngakolunye uhlangothi emshinini osika iphepha ngezilinganiso ezifanele ukuze lifakwe emshinini omusha wokunyathelisa onemibala emine waseSweden. Lomshini wokunyathelisa omusha uyakwazi ukunyathelisa amakhophi ayizi-15 000 ngehora.
Umagazini ngamunye uthunyelwa kwabanezikhokhelo eSweden naphesheya kwezilwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba yamakhophi omagazini abahanjiswa kubantu ithunyelwa emabandleni oFakazi BakaJehova angamakhulu kulo lonke izwe. Izinkulungwane zamakhophi avela kulenkindlane ashiywa oFakazi lapho befika emakhaya abantu nanoma yikuphi lapho behlangana nabo khona.
Yebo, lesosiqu somuthi esisehlathini sesifinyelele indawo yaso yokugcina—umagazini iPhaphama! Siza, uqaphele, ukuthi iPhaphama! ihlanganisa nezihloko ezinikeza ukwaziswa futhi ziphaphamise abafundi ngalokho okushiwo izehlakalo zezwe ngokukhanyiselwa isiprofetho seBhayibheli. Ngaleyondlela isiza abafundi ukuba bafunde ngoMdali womuntu nangenjongo yaKhe ngosuku lwethu. Ulwazi olunjalo luyokusiza ukuba uqonde okushiwo yilokho okwenzeka esikhathini sethu futhi kuyokusiza ukuba wakhe ithemba eliqinile ngekusasa elingcono.
[Ibhokisi/Umdwebo ekhasini 25]
Umshini Wokugaya Iphepha
A. Iphalishi elifinyelela emshinini wokugaya iphepha lifana nesinambathi esimanzi futhi kundlalwa elinye phezu kwelinye amamitha ambalwa ubude ebhandeni elihambisa izimpahla elenziwe ngocingo. Kuleliqophelo cishe leliphalishi lingamaphesenti angama-99 amanzi. Amaningi alamanzi azokhameka phakathi nohambo emshinini, ocishe ube amamitha angama-70 ubude.
B. Ubungako bamanzi buyancipha bube cishe amaphesenti angama-60 engxenyeni yokucindezela. Amanzi ayaziphumela, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzelana nengxenye emunca umoya.
C. Engxenyeni yokomisa, iphepha lomiswa ngamasilinda ashisiswa ngesitimu.
D. Ukupholisha iphepha kulenza lishelele, futhi lokho kwenziwa ngokulivumela ukuba lidlule phakathi kwamasondo ajikelezayo. Amaphesenti ayi-5 kuphela amanzi ayasala lapho iphepha ekugcineni lisongwa liba imiqingo eyiziyingi.
[Umdwebo]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
Ibhokisi elingenhla Ingxenye ewucingo Ingxenye emanzi Ingxenye yokucindezela Ingxenye yokomisa
Ukulolongwa
Ukwenziwa kwephepha libe iziyingi
[Isithombe ekhasini 26]
Igatsha eArboga, eSweden
Imiqingo yamaphepha iyapakishwa