Ialopecia—Ukugcina Ukuqothuka Kwezinwele Kuyimfihlo

Njengoba ilandiswa ngumuntu ophethwe Ialopecia

‘IALOPECIA?’ uyazibuza. ‘Angikhumbuli ngizwa ngalesosifo.’ Abantu abaphethwe yiso bangase babe namahloni kakhulu ukukutshela. Bayasifihla. Nginayo ialopecia, ngakho mangikutshele okuthile ngayo.

Zama ukucabanga ukushaqeka obungakuzwa uma ngokungazelele ubona izinwele zakho ziqala ukuqothuka. ‘Kungenzeka kanjani lokhu? Akunakuba yiqiniso,’ ungase usho ngenxa yokungakholelwa.

Kamuva, uthola ukuthi akuwena wedwa onealopecia. Ihlasela cishe oyedwa kubo bonke abantu abangu-100, futhi ihlupha kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane. Ngeshwa, ukwelashwa kwalesifo kuvame ukungaphumeleli.

Abanye abantu bangitshela bathi, “nokho, khona izinwele nje.” Yiqiniso. Kanti noma kunjalo, ialopecia ithinta yonke ingxenye yokuphila kwami, futhi okwenezela kulomthwalo, kunzima ukuyichaza kwabanye. Ngani? Ngoba lesisifo asiqondakali.

Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvamile lapho othile esho igama lesifo, ngokushesha engqondweni uba nomfanekiso walokho lesosifo esiyikho ngempela. Akunjalo ngealopecia. Imbangela yayo ayinakushiwo ngokuqondile. Futhi njengoba sicabangela indlela ialopecia ehlasela ngayo​—⁠ngokushesha nangaphandle kwesixwayiso⁠—​isisulu ngokuvamile sizithola singakulungele ukuxoxa ngayo. Kanjalo, umuntu angase ngokufanayo angalahlekelwa nje kuphela izinwele kodwa angalahlekelwa nayisithunzi.

Iyini?

Ialopecia iyinkinga yempilo thina zisulu zayo esingenakuyilawula. Ayithathelwana, ngakho-ke abanye abanakuyithola kithina. Ayizibulali izisulu zayo, kodwa ubuhlungu obungokomzwelo bokuphelelwa isithunzi, ukukhungatheka, nokuphoxeka kungaba okuhlangenwe nakho okuyinselele.

Ialopecia akufanele ididaniswe nempandla evame kwabesilisa. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho bechaza ialopecia, abanye bethu bakhetha incazelo ethi “ukuqothuka kwezinwele” kunethi “impandla.”

Igama elithi alopecia areata libhekisela esimweni lapho izindawo ezithile zasekhanda ziqothukelwa izinwele. Ilenhlobo enginayo. Uma zonke izinwele ekhanda ziqothuka, lesosifo kubhekiselwa kuso njengealopecia totalis. Futhi uma lesosifo sihlanganisa nokuqothuka kwabo bonke uboya bomzimba, sibizwa ngokuthi ialopecia universalis. Kwabathile esibaphethe, lesisifo asidluleli ngalé kokuba ialopecia areata. Kwabanye izinwele zibuye zizimilele ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa. Nokho, kwabanye kuqothuka amashiya nezinkophe. Lokhu kungase kuholele ekuphathweni amehlo ngoba akukho zinwele ezivikela amehlo ezintulini nasemjulukweni.

Ibangelwa Yini?

Ukucwaninga kwezokwelapha kubonisa ukuthi ngokunokwenzeka ialopecia iyisifo esenza ukuba isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba silwe sodwa, (autoimmune disorder), okungukuthi, ukuzwela komzimba kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho siqu. Esinye isifo esenza isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba silwe sodwa okungenzeka ujwayelene naso kakhulu ilupus. Isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba womuntu onealopecia ngephutha sibheka izinwele njengento engafanele ukuba semzimbeni. Isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba sisabela ngokuthumela ama-T cell abulalayo (amalymphocyte) kuleyondawo. Abunganyela izimbobo okumila kuzo izinwele azihlasele futhi azibhubhise. Isikhathi esinganqunyiwe, izimbobo okumila kuzo izinwele ziyehluleka ukuveza izinwele ngendlela evamile.

Ukwelashwa kuyehlukahluka. Ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezingcono kakhulu, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukubona imiphumela, futhi ngokuvamile imiphumela akubi yileyo esuke ilindelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, izinwele zingase zimile kabusha, kodwa zingase zithambe kakhulu futhi ziphaphatheke ngombala. Kungase kube khona ukukhungatheka uma ialopecia iphinda iba khona futhi ukwelashwa okwake kwasebenza kungasasebenzi. Ngakho-ke isisulu singagcina sesigqigqa kodokotela abehlukahlukene, sizama ukwelashwa okwehlukahlukene. Ialopecia ingase ibe umthwalo ngokwezimali nangokomzwelo.

Abezokwelapha babevame ukuthi ukucindezeleka kuyimbangela. Babethi, susa ukucindezeleka, izinwele zizomila futhi. Ngakho kungenzeka ukuthi isisulu ngokungeyikho yisona esasikholelwa ukuthi sasibangele ukuqothuka kwezinwele zaso noma, njengoba abanye odokotela babesikisela, ukuthi umngane womshado kungenzeka uye wabangela ukucindezeleka. Nokho, manje, kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukucindezeleka akuyona imbangela. Onealopecia akanaso isizathu sokuzizwa enecala noma azisole yena ngokwakhe ngesimo sakhe.

Izinselele Okubhekwana Nazo

Ukuqothuka kwezinwele kushintsha ukubukeka, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi abanealopecia bahlanganiswa namaqembu athile. Uma umuntu engenazinwele, noma lokho abanye abakubheka njengezinwele ezincané kakhulu, futhi ezigcina zimfushane njengoba ngenza, ababukayo bangase basheshe bafinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi lowo onealopecia usho okuthile ngezenhlalo noma ngezombangazwe.

Ukuthola umsebenzi kuhlala kuyinselele, kodwa kuyiyo ikakhulukazi kulabo abanealopecia. Abanye abangase babaqashe baxwaye kakhulu kulezinsuku ngenxa yokwesaba ingculaza. Njengoba labo abanealopecia benezinwele ezincane noma bengenazo nhlobo, abaqashi bangase bazibuze ukuthi banengculaza yini. Yebo, ialopecia, ayisona isifo esifanayo nengculaza. Abanye bacabanga ukuthi abanealopecia belashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Ngezinye izikhathi amazwi angenangqondo angase alimaze kangangokuthi thina esinealopecia sesabe ukushiya isivikelo samakhaya ethu. Iseluleko esingacatshangwanga kahle esivela kwabakufisela okuhle naso singaba buhlungu. Bangase bathi: “Ukuba benginguwe, bengingeke ngizikhathaze ngakho. Bangiyomane ngikuhleke.” Kulula ukukhuluma kunokwenza. INkosi ehlakaniphile uSolomoni yaqaphela ukuthi “nasekuhlekeni inhliziyo inobuhlungu.” (IzAga 14:​13) Njengoba ialopecia ingashintsha indlela esibukeka ngayo ngokumangalisayo nangokushesha okukhulu, siyajabula lapho singakhunjuzwa ngokubukeka kwethu.

Kungani Ungafaki Izinwele Zokwenziwa?

Abantu bangase basikisele: “Kungani ungafaki izinwele zokwenziwa? Mina bengizozifaka.” Kodwa izinwele eziningi zokwenziwa ziklanyelwe abesifazane labo, ngenxa yezizathu zemfashini, abafuna ukushintsha izitayela zezinwele. Azenzelwe neze ukufakwa ekhanda elingenazinwele. Izinwele zokwenziwa eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile abanealopecia ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ongase akwazi ukuzithenga futhi azigcine ngendlela efanele.

Abesifazane abanealopecia baphumelela kakhulu ekutholeni izinwele zokwenziwa ezifanele kunabesilisa nezingane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abesifazane banezitayela eziningi zezinwele abangazikhetha. Nokho, abesifazane abathile, bakhetha ukufaka imishuqulo ekhangayo kunokufaka izinwele zokwenziwa. Kubonakala sengathi, izinwele eziningi zokwenziwa eziklanyelwe abesilisa, azibukeki njengezinwele zemvelo. Khona-ke kungase kube nalemibuzo: ‘Uzifaka nini izinwele zokwenziwa? Sonke isikhathi? Ingabe uzifaka lapho uwedwa ekhaya wenzele uma kungase kwenzeke kufike isivakashi esingalindelekile? ’ Ngakho, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, izisulu zealopecia zingase zingazifaki izinwele zokwenziwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izisulu eziningi ziqothukelwa izinwele endaweni elinganiselwe engavalwa izinwele ezizungezile futhi azinaso isizathu sokucabangela ukuthenga izinwele zokwenziwa.

Indlela Engibhekana Nayo Ngayo

Ngezinye izikhathi izisulu zealopecia zingase zibe onyube futhi zizahlukanise, zizizwa kabi ngendlela abanye abangase bazibheke ngayo. Ngezikhathi ezinzima, kubalulekile ukuba nombono ocacile wezinto eziza kuqala ekuphileni nokukhumbula ukuthi yilokho esiyikho ngaphakathi okusizuzela inhlonipho yabanye.

Ngakho-ke, ngiphila okwalolosuku futhi ngizame ukungakhathazeki ngokungafanele ngolulandelayo ukuze inkinga yami ingabi eyedlulele. Ngisithola siwusizo lesisisho seBhayibheli: “Ningakhathazeki ngengomuso, ngokuba ingomuso iyakukhathalela okwayo.”​—⁠Mathewu 6:⁠34.

Yiqiniso, abantu abaningi banezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu. Nokho, ngalabo abanealopecia, ukusekela nokuqonda okuvela kwabanye kuvame ukuntuleka. Ngaphambi kweminyaka embalwa edlule, babenethuba elincane lokuxoxa ngemizwa yabo nabanye abanealopecia, kodwa manje kunamaqembu amaningi asekelayo kulo lonke elaseUnited States. Ngalamaqembu labo abanealopecia bangathola usizo lodokotela abaqeqeshiwe nabanolwazi ngalesifo, abahlanganyela izintuthuko zokwelapha ezintsha futhi badalule izinsumansumane ezindala.

Ngezinye izikhathi ngimane ngicabange ngendlela ukuphila kwami obekungabe kwehluke ngayo. Futhi noma kunjalo ngijabulela ilungelo lokuba omunye woFakazi BakaJehova futhi kanjalo ngikwazi ukuzinikela ukuze ngisize abanye bafunde ngezithembiso ezinhle zikaNkulunkulu zesikhathi esizayo. (IsAmbulo 21:​3, 4) Olunye usizo olungigcina ngisesimweni esihle amazwi aqinisayo atholakala eBhayibhelini kumaHubo 55:​22: “Phonsa phezu kukaJehova umthwalo wakho, uzakukuphasa.”

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 13]

Ophethwe Ialopecia

Umdlali wamabhayisikobho uHumphrey Bogart wayengomunye. Umkakhe, uLauren Bacall, wabhala: “Wayephawule ibala elingenalutho esihlathini sakhe lapho intshebe yakhe yayingamili khona. Ibala elilodwa landa laba amaningana​—⁠khona-ke wayevuka ekuseni athole imfumba yezinwele emcamelweni. Lokho kwamethusa. Kungenye into ukuqothukelwa izinwele kodwa usale nesiqeshana sezinwele, umdlali webhayisikobho wayengafaka isiqephu sezinwele zokwenziwa, kodwa uma singekho isiqeshana kwakufanele kube izinwele zokwenziwa eziphelele. Lapho izinwele ziqothuka ngokwengeziwe, kwakuba yilapho ethuka khona ngokwengeziwe, futhi lapho ethuka ngokwengeziwe, izinwele zaziqothuka ngokwengeziwe. Esigcawini sokugcina somdlalo iDark Passage wafaka izinwele zokwenziwa eziphelele. Wethuka​—⁠umsebenzi wakhe wokuziphilisa wawusengozini. Ukuvakashela udokotela kwaba yinto efanelekile. . . . Isinqumo sasiwukuthi wayenesifo esaziwa ngokuthi ialopecia areata.”

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 14]

Yikuphi Ukwelapha Okusebenzayo?

Ialopecia ingelashwa ngemijovo yecortisone ngomzamo wokuvimba ukuhlasela kwalesifo. Icortisone iyisidakamizwa esiqeda ukuvuvukala ezimbotsheni zezinwele ukuze zithole igazi nokondleka.

Okunye ukwelapha iDNCB (dinitrochlorobenzene). Lena iacid egcotshwa ngokuqondile endaweni enalesosifo ngomzamo wokubangela ukuzwela komzimba okwenziwe​—⁠ngokungafani nesimo esibi sepoison ivy⁠—​ngethemba lokuthi izophazamisa amalymphocyte. Ukuqubuka okuba wumphumela kungase kube buhlungu kakhulu kwabanye.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana kwesidakamizwa esibizwa ngokuthi iminoxidil nakho kuye kwatuswa. Nakuba ekuqaleni sasenzelwe ukwelapha isifo somfutho ophakeme wegazi, njengomphumela oseceleni, lesidakamizwa kwatholakala ukuthi senza izinwele zikhule. Nokho, njengoba kunjalo ngemithi eminingi yealopecia, izinga lempumelelo liye laba phansi ngokudumazayo. Imibiko eminingi yezindaba iye yaba emayelana nokusetshenziswa kwaso ekwelapheni impandla evamile yabesilisa, hhayi ialopecia.

Kunezidakamizwa nemithi okungaphezu kuka-16 okunikezwa abaphethwe ialopecia, futhi ngakunye kumelwe kusetshenziswe njalo isikhathi esinganqunyiwe. Njengoba kuvame ukuthatha izinyanga eziyisithupha ukubona noma isidakamizwa esithile siyoba usizo yini, ukwelashwa kungathatha isikhathi eside futhi kukhungathekise. Ngaleyondlela, okwamanje, alikho ikhambi langempela lokwelapha ialopecia.