Ukudilizwa—Ixhala Lesisebenzi

“Kwangehla ngaphezulu. Ngangisesimweni sokukhu-​ngatheka.y”—Isikhulu sezokuxhumana, esineminyaka engu-44 ubudala.

“Kuyigalelo elinzima elilimaza ukuzethemba kwakho. Uzizwa ungelutho.”—Isikhulu esiwumphathi wezimali oyinhloko, esineminyaka engu-38 ubudala.

“Yiluphi uhlobo lwezomnotho esiye salwakha oludela abantu beseyizi-​ngqabavu?”—Isikhulu semboni eyenza izingubo zokugqoka, esineminyaka engu-47 ubudala.

YIKUPHI okuhlangenwe nakho bonke labantu ababa nakho? Ngamunye wabhekana nokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu kakhulu kokudilizwa emsebenzini.

Ake uphinde ubheke iminyaka yobudala yalezisebenzi. Zazingezona izimfunda, ngakho ngokunokwenzeka zazinomuzwa wokuthi umsebenzi wazo wawunesilinganiso esithile sokulondeka. Futhi zaziseqophelweni abaningi abalibheka njengeminyaka yeholo eliphezulu. Kodwa ukuphela komsebenzi wazo kwaba okusheshayo nokungalindelekile. “Bangitshela ukuthi ngiqoqe itafula lami futhi ngipakishe zonke izinto zami,” kwasho imenenja yezokuxhumana okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla. “Ngase ngihambile, ngokuphazima kweso. Akupholanga maseko.”

Yini Eyenzeka?

Ukungaqiniseki kwezomnotho akuyona into entsha. Emazweni amaningi, bekulokhu kunezikhathi zokuchuma okungatheni okulandelwa ukwehla kwezomnotho noma ukuntuleka kwemali. Futhi ukuwohloka kwamuva kwezomnotho okwenzeke kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngisho nangaphambi kwempi yasePersian Gulf, kubonise indlela ezomnotho ezingaba ntekenteke ngayo ngisho nangemva kweminyaka yokuchuma uma kuqhathaniswa neminye. Abantu abaningi, abanye ngokokuqala ngqá, baqaphela ukuthi kwakungafanele bayithathe kalula imisebenzi yabo kanye nemali abayitholayo.

Umphumela ukwehla kwezomnotho okwaba nawo ezisebenzini wawushaqisa. Izinkampani zaphoqeleleka ukuba zinciphise izindleko ngangokusemandleni, ngokuvamile okwaphumela ekudilizeni okukhulu. Ngisho nasemazweni acebile, imibuso nezimboni ezingamalungu eNhlangano Yokubambisana Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezomnotho, ingqikithi yabantu abayizigidi ezingu-25 bake bangasebenza ngesinye isikhathi.

“Cishe nsuku zonke ngithola izingcingo zivela kubangane abasezinkampanini ezinkulu abaye badilizwa,” kusho umhlobisi wengaphakathi lendlu. “Imali yezinkampani eziningi umsebenzi engiwenzayo ongixhumanisa nazo iye yancipha yaba yingxenye yaleyo ezazinayo onyakeni odlule.”

Ngaso sonke isikhathi ukudilizwa kuye kwaba ingxenye yokuphila kwezisebenzi ezifukuzayo. Ekuwohlokeni kwamuva, inani elandayo lezisebenzi ezisebenza umsebenzi ophansi nalo liye lalahlekelwa imisebenzi yalo. “Lena imisebenzi eyaziswa kakhulu kwezomnotho,” kwasho uDan Lacey, umhleli wepheshana lezindaba iWorkplace Trends, “imisebenzi okuyiyona eyasenza sakwazi ukuthenga indlu endaweni enhle futhi saba nezimoto ezimbili.”

Eminingi yaleyomisebenzi yalahleka eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Futhi izisebenzi ezadilizwa zazithola, njengoba kusho iNewsweek, “zicindezelwe izikweleti ezenziwa ngezibambiso, ukuba nabantwana abancane, izikweleti ezinkulu kanye nokungaqiniseki kwekusasa okwandayo.”

Iyini Imiphumela?

Kunomphumela okabili kukho konke lokhu: Izisebenzi ezidiliziwe zithola amagalelo amabili elingokwezimali nelingokomzwelo. Ukucindezeleka okungokwezimali kusobala. Lapho incane imali umuntu ayitholayo, izinga lakhe lokuphila kufanele lishintshwe. Futhi ukungasebenzi kunomphumela ongokomzwelo.

Ngokwesibonelo, isimo sengqondo sentsha ngokulondeka komsebenzi siyashintsha. Ukuntuleka komsebenzi kuba indlela yokuphila, eyamukelekayo. IWall Street Journal yaphawula ukuthi ukungasebenzi okwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kuye kwaguqula intsha eningi yaseBrithani yaba “intsha unomphela.”

Kunemiphumela engokomzwelo ejule ngokwengeziwe kulabo abadilizwa ngemva kokusebenza iminyaka eminingi emsebenzini owodwa. “Lapho kudilizwa,” kusho umphathi oyisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uNeil P. Lewis, “akukhona nje ukulahlekelwa iholo, kodwa kuwukulahlekelwa yikho konke ozicabangela khona.”

Empeleni, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo ziye zaphawula ukuthi usizi lokudilizwa luyefana nosizi oluhlanganiswa nokufa kothandekayo kanye nesehlukaniso. Ukushaqeka kokuqala kuletha intukuthelo, nayo kamuva eholela ekudabukeni bese kuba ukukwamukela. “Abanye abantu baba nakho konke lokhu ngezinsuku ezimbili,” kusho uLewis. “Kwabanye kuthatha amasonto nezinyanga.”

Ubuhlungu obungokomzwelo bubonakala futhi ngokuthi labo abadiliziwe bathambekela ngokwengeziwe ekusebenziseni kabi utshwala kanye nezidakamizwa. Ukuphelelwa ithemba kungase ngisho kuholele ekubeni umkhaya ube nobudlova noma uqhekeke. “Lemizwa yokuphelelwa ithemba kufanele iye endaweni ethile,” kusho uStephen Pilster-Pearson, umqondisi wokusiza izisebenzi eYunivesithi yaseWisconsin, eU.S.A., “futhi njengoba kulindelekile, enye yalezozindawo, ikhaya.”

Ekusabeleni ngendlela embi ngisho nangokwengeziwe, umfundi oneziqu zaseyunivesithi eHong Kong wakhetha ukuzibulala ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu yokungawutholi umsebenzi. Waziphonsa kujantshi wesitimela esasiza.

Ngakho lapho imisebenzi ilahleka, kuthinteka okungaphezu kwesikhwama semali. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubheka ngalé kwesici esingokwemali salenkinga. Kuhileleke imizwelo enamandla, futhi imikhaya kufanele ibambisane futhi isebenze ngobunye ekutholeni amakhambi.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 5]

Ukunqamuka Kokukhula Kwezomnotho?

Ngonyaka odlule, ukwesaba amanzi ayaluzayo olwandle lwezezimali kuye kwabikwa emhlabeni wonke. Cabangela izibonelo eziningana:

EFrance: “Umhlaba ufinyelela isiphelo senkathi ende yokukhula komnotho okwake kwaba khona. . . . Uma amazwe aseYurophu engakhathazeki ngalutho kangako okwesikhashana, ngenxa yokusekela okunikezwe ukuhlanganiswa kweJalimane, awanakulindela ukuphunyuka ngokuphelele. . . . Izimakethe ziye zayibona ingozi iza.”​—⁠Le Monde, Paris.

EBrazil: Ukwehla kwamandla omnotho eUnited States “ngokungenakugwenywa bekungadluliswa futhi kuzwiwe amanye amazwe ezemisebenzi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, bekungakha imingcele emikhudlwana yokwanda kokuthunyelwa kwezinto kwamanye amazwe zisuka emazweni asathuthuka.”​—⁠Fôlha de S. Paulo, São Paulo.

EBrithani: “Umnotho waseBrithani, kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali okugxilile, amanani aphakeme enzalo, kanye nokwanda okuhamba kancane, nawo awuhehi.”​—⁠Financial Times, London.

ECanada: “Abaqashi abambalwa kakhulu bafuna izisebenzi ezimbalwa kakhulu.”​—⁠The Toronto Star.

EJalimane: “Okufana nentengo kaphethiloli eshaqisayo yango-1973 sekuyabonakala kakade, . . . njengezimpawu zokwehla komnotho.”​—⁠Ne⁠ues Deutschland, Berlin.

EJapane: “Izimali zezwe manje zinjengebhomu elingase liqhunyiswe ukunyakaza okuncane elisendaweni ebucayi yomnotho wezwe. Ukuba ibhomu belingavunyelwa ukuba liqhume bese amanani ezwe ehla, amabhange aseJapane abengawa njengoba [izimali ezibolekisayo] ezigcinwe eJapane ziba seduze nokuba yize. Lokhu, nakho bekungabangela ukwehla komnotho emhlabeni wonke.”​—⁠Australian Financial Review, Sydney.

Nokho, ukuphela kweMpi yaseGulf ekuqaleni kuka-1991 kwaletha amathemba avuselelwe okwenyuka komnotho kuwo wonke umhlaba. Nakuba kunjalo, kusobala ukuthi umnotho wamazwe uyizinto ezintekenteke, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa umthwalo wesikweleti esikhulu kakade osuwesinda amazwe amaningi.