ISonto Eliguqukayo EFrance
Ngumlobeli we-Phaphama! eFrance
“‘Cishe akukho muntu oya esontweni. Njalo ekuseni ngiqhuba iMisa lezinyoni nezicabucabu. Ngonyaka odlule ngabhapathiza umuntu oyedwa futhi ngaqhuba imingcwabo engu-26. Kuthiwani ngalokho? Akuzange kube khona ngisho nowodwa nje umshado.’ Lapho [lompristi] efika okokuqala ngqá eLa Bastide [eseningizimu yeFrance], kwakunezingane ezingu-85 ezaziza esifundweni sekhathekizimu. Namuhla, ingqikithi yazo zizonke iyisihlanu. Esifundeni sombhishobhi kunomfundi oyedwa kuphela ofundela ubufundisi, futhi izifunda zabefundisi ezingu-120 azinaye umfundisi.”—Umfundisi othile, owacashunwa kuyi-Figaro yaseParis ephuma nsuku zonke.
“Ubani onganquma ukubuyisela kumaKatolika amaculo aculwa umuntu oyedwa angenamidanti yokukhulekela, izihlabelelo ezimtoti, . . . ama-altare anezimbali, izivatho eziyisiko, impepho, izingubhu, nabefundisi besifunda epulpiti? . . . UmKatolika osenyamalale isikhathi eside, onquma ukubuyela emhlanjini, uyofana nendodana yolahleko. Nokho, namuhla ngeke akuthole ukufudumala kwekhaya likayise kodwa uyothola indawo yokupaka egcwele imibhobho.”—Kubhala uGeneviève Dormann, kuyi-Figaro Magazine.
KUSUKELA ekupheleni kwawo-1970, bekulokhu kunezinguquko eziphawulekayo kumaKatolika ashada namaProthestani. Kuze kube ngo-1966 umngane womshado ongumKatolika kwakumelwe asayine isifungo sokuthi uyokhulisa noma yiziphi izingane eziyozalwa kulowomshado njengamaKatolika. Indoda noma owesifazane ongumProthestani naye kwakumelwe asayine lesivumelwano. Namuhla, lelisonto seliyekelela kakhulu. Idili lomshado lingase lenzelwe esontweni lamaProthestani noma lamaKatolika kukhona umfundisi wenye yalezinkolo noma bazo zombili.
“Kusukela ngeVatican II, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi iSonto LamaKatolika libonakala lilisha emphakathini, kodwa nalo ngokwalo lizibheka ngokuhlukile. . . . Lelisonto manje selinesizotha ngokwengeziwe, selisondelene nezinye izinkolo zobuKristu, seliyayiqaphela inkululeko kanembeza, futhi limemezela ukuthi ‘lizimisele ukusiza izwe lonke.’”—I-Monde yesiFulentshi ephuma nsuku zonke.
Manje eminyakeni engamashumi athile, ikakhulukazi kusukela ngeVatican II, iSonto LamaKatolika liye laba nezinguquko eziningi. Bazibheka kanjani lezinguquko abalandeli abathembekile nabefundisi?
Izinto Azisafani Nakuqala
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1960, uKhadinali Feltin, ongumbhishobhi omkhulu waseParis, wavumela abapristi besifunda sakhe ukuba bake bakhohlwe izivatho zabo zobupristi futhi bagqoke izembatho ezingezona ezenkolo, kungaba ngisho nanesudi enesiphambano esincane esiphikeni. Isembatho eside samaRoma Katolika sanyamalala ngokoqobo endaweni yaseFrance, sasigqokwa abapristi abasabambelele emasikweni esonto kuphela. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaKatolika anikezwa inkululeko yokuzikhethela ukuba aye eMiseni ngeMigqibelo ebusuku esikhundleni sangamaSonto ekuseni.
IMidanti Yokukhulekela, engakaze iguqulwe emakhulwini eminyaka, yaba nezinguquko eziningi. Amaculo esimanje asetshenziswa eMiseni, nakuba engajabulisanga bonke abantu. I-altare lesonto laguqulwa ukuze umpristi manje abheke umhlambi wakhe phakathi nezinkonzo. Nokho, enye yezinguquko eziphawuleka kunazo zonke eMidantini Yokukhulekela YamaKatolika kwaba ukuqhutshwa kweMisa ngolimi lwendawo. Cishe lokhu kwaphumela ekunyamalaleni kweMisa eliqhutshwa ngesiLatini.
UFrançois, uMaryse, noGilles bayizibonelo ezibonisa indlela amaKatolika ashisekayo asabela ngayo kulesimo. UFrançois wayekusekela ngokuqinile ukuqhutshwa kweMisa ngesiFulentshi. Waphawula: “Okungenani wawukwazi ukukuqonda lokho umpristi ayekusho.” UMaryse wayemelene nalenguquko ngoba, njengoba asho, iMisa “lalithakazelisa kakhulu ngaphambili.” UGilles wananela imizwa kaMaryse. Wavuma: “Lapho sisuka kusiLatini siguqukela kusiFulentshi, kimina kwaba sengathi kuhlukana ukholo.”
Phakathi kwamaKatolika asekela lezinguquko, abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi izinto azikaguquki ngokwanele. Abanye basikisela ukuthi lelisonto kufanele libe nendima ethe xaxa eyinhloko ezindabeni zezwe. Abanye bayakusekela ukushada kwabapristi ngisho nokugcotshwa kwabesifazane.
Ingabe Abathembekile Bathembeke Ngempela?
Lezinguquko ziye zathinta okungaphezu kwamasiko esonto. Emazweni amaningi, inani labantu ababa khona esontweni liye lehla kakhulu. Ngaleyondlela, eminyakeni engu-25 edlule amaphesenti abantu baseFrance abangamaKatolika ababa khona eMiseni okungenani kanye ngenyanga aye ehla esuka kumaphesenti angu-45 aya kumaphesenti angu-20. Ukuyovuma izono njalo kumfundisi manje sekuyisidala. Ngokokuhlola kwamuva nje, amaphesenti angu-14 kuphela enani labantu baseFrance ayayo ukuyovuma izono okungenani kanye ngonyaka, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-51 ngo-1952.
Futhi ukuphathwa komhlambi sekuye kwaba inkinga engathi sína. Abefundisi bayaguga. Abapristi abayekayo ebupristini noma abashonayo abathathelwa muntu izikhundla. Ngenxa yalokho, amalungu esonto aye aba nengxenye eyinhloko ekukhulekeleni.
Lesimo esibucayi sobupristi sibonakala ngokuphawulekayo ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Amakhulu ezifunda zabefundisi eFrance awasenabo abefundisi, futhi abaningi kwabathembekile bayagibela baye emadolobhaneni aseduze ukuze bathole iMisa langeSonto noma kudingeke baneliswe yilokho isonto laseFrance elikubiza ngokuthi yi-ADAP, Les Assemblées Dominicales en L’Absence de Prêtres (Imihlangano YangeSonto Engekho Umfundisi). Abantu bazizwa kanjani ngalemihlangano engasenakubhekwa njengeMisa? Indelakazi enkabeni yaseFrance yakhuluma ngokuqondile ngalesimo: “Empeleni abantu ababuzi lutho. Uma kungenziwanga lutho lapha ngamaSonto, ekugcineni bayoneliswa yilokho.”
Amaqembu amasha amaKatolika—ngokuvamile aneziphiwo zokuphilisa—anikeza isibonakaliso sethemba kwabaningi. Nokho, akhanga inani elincane kuphela lamaKatolika athembekile futhi awalinikezi ikhambi kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi isimo esibucayi sesonto.
Kodwa kungani kwenzeka lezinguquko? Zaqala nini? Zabangelwa yini? Ukuze siphendule lemibuzo, kudingeka sibukeze kafushane umlando weSonto LamaKatolika phakathi neminyaka engu-30 edlule.