IVatican II—Iyisibusiso Noma Iyisiqalekiso?
KWAKUNGO-1962 eVatican. Engaphambi kombhishobhi owayehlabeke umxhwele, upapa wavula ifasitela esigodlweni sakhe iVatican. Ngaleyondlela uPapa John XXIII wayebonisa lokho ayekulindele ngoMkhandlu Wesibili WeVatican (1962-65): ukungenisa umoya omusha eSontweni LamaKatolika, ukwenza i-aggiornamento, ukulungisa.
Yiziphi izinguquko lomkhandlu owaziletha esontweni? Lona kusewumbuzo ofanelekayo namanje, njengoba iVatican II nemiphumela yayo kusaphikiswana kabanzi ngayo ngisho nanamuhla.
‘Iqiniso Litholakala Kwezinye Izinkolo’
UPapa John XXIII wayefuna izinguquko—lokho kwaba sobala. Izazi zemfundiso yenkolo ezimibono yazo yobuhlakani yayilahliwe eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambili zamenywa njengezingcweti eMkhandlwini WeVatican. Izikhulu zobu-Orthodox nezamaProthestani nazo zamenywa njengezingqapheli.
Lesinyathelo esisha saphumela oshintshweni olukhulu ezindabeni zokuba nenkululeko yenkolo nekanembeza. Amakhulu eminyaka lelisonto laliyilahla ngokuqinile lemibono; uGregory XVI, upapa wekhulu le-19, waze wayichaza ngisho nangokuthi “ubuwula.” Nokho, ngo-1964, iningi lalomkhandlu lamukela isinqumo esasibonisa ukukuqaphela ukuthi wonke umuntu wayenelungelo lokuzikhethela inkolo yakhe siqu. Lokhu kwadlulela ngalé kwenkululeko emsulwa nevamile, njengoba umagazini i-Notre Histoire wachaza: “Kusukela ngalesosikhathi kuya phambili, kwamukelwa ukuthi iqiniso elithile lalingatholakala kwezinye izinkolo.”
Ngemva kweVatican II lelisonto laqhubeka nesimiso salo sokuba nomqondo ovuleke ngokwengeziwe ngakwezinye izinkolo. Ukuze akubonise lokhu, uPapa John Paul II wavakashela iNkosi uHassan II yaseMorocco, engumholi ongokomoya wamaMuslim. Futhi wavakashela nesonto lamaProthestani nesinagoge elithile eRome. Iningi lamaKatolika liyawukhumbula umhlangano owawuse-Assisi ngo-1986, e-Italy, lapho uPapa John Paul II amemela khona abaholi bezinkolo ezinkulu zezwe ukuba bahlanganyele naye ekuthandazeleni ukuthula.
IVatican II—Iyisiqalekiso?
Kwabanye, “umoya” oqabulayo owawulindelwe uPapa John XXIII wafana nesivunguvungu esiqothulayo. Ukuze basekele umbono wabo, baphawula inkulumo edumile uPapa Paul VI, owalandela uJohn XXIII, amemezela kuyo ukuthi “umoya kaSathane” wawusuye wangena ngokunyenya esontweni. Incwadi i-Réception de Vatican II yachaza ukuthi, ngalesimemezelo sakhe, uPaul VI “wabonakala ehlanganisa inguquko eyenziwe yilomkhandlu nenqubo ephikisana nezithakazelo zesonto.”
Abantu abaningi abasonta kulelisonto banalombono. Ukuhlola kwamuva nje kwembula ukuthi cishe ingxenye yamaKatolika eFrance icabanga ukuthi “isonto liye langena shí ekuphoqeleleni izinguquko.” Abacusumbuli beVatican II balibeka icala lelisonto ngokungahlali lithembekile esikweni lalo kodwa lizingcolisa ngemikhuba yesimanje. Bathi lelisonto liye lasekela izinguquko eziye zanyakazisa umphakathi waseNtshonalanga futhi eziye zabangela isimo esibucayi esontweni.
IVatican II—Iyisibusiso?
Kwabanye akuwona lomkhandlu okufanele ungatshazwe. Bathi izimpawu zokuqala zobuthakathaka kulelisonto kakade zase zibonakala ngokucacile ngaphambi kweVatican II. I-Croix yesiFulentshi ephuma nsuku zonke yagomela: “Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi yabapristi nengeyona eyabapristi emazweni aseNtshonalanga kufanele kubhekwe njengokuhlobene nesimo esibucayi esivamile emphakathini nemiphumela yaso emiphakathini yamaKristu: AmaKristu amaningi aye azivumela ukuba athonywe imiqondo nendlela yokucabanga yesimanje.”
Abanye futhi banomuzwa wokuthi izinguquko ezatuswa iVatican II zazibalulekile. Enye intatheli ye-Croix yaphawula: “Umuntu angase . . . azibuze ukuthi kazi laliyoba njani lelisonto ukuba lahlala lisesimweni sokungabi nomqondo ovulekile.” Ekugcineni, abakhulumeli abahlukahlukene abangamaKatolika bachaza ukuthi lelisonto liyinhlangano eyakhiwe abantu abangaphelele, nokuthi lidlule ezimweni ezibucayi esikhathini esidlule futhi lizodlula nakulesi. UGilles, ocashunwe esihlokweni esidlule, waphawula lokhu okulandelayo: “Lapho siziletha ekunakekeleni izinkinga zesonto, sasitshelwa ukuthi lelisonto lalingene lagamanxa esimweni esibucayi sabasha nokuthi lalizodlula kuso.”
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iVatican II yenza izinguquko ezinhle noma ezimbi, iye yaba nomphumela ongathi sína kumaKatolika, njengoba sizobona esihlokweni esilandelayo.
[Isithombe ekhasini 6]
UMkhandlu Wesibili WeVatican wabangela izinguquko nokudideka
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