Ukubuka Okwezwe
Ukuqaphelisa Ngemishini Elawula Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo
Imishini ethungatha ukwebiwa kwempahla manje efakwe ezitolo nasezikhungweni zezitolo eziningi ingase ibangele ingozi yempilo kubantu abafake imishini yama-electron ukuze ilawule ukushaya kwezinhliziyo zabo. Iphephabhuku lezokwelapha laseFrance i-Concours Médical libika ukuthi odokotela eFrance baqasheliswa lenkinga yisiguli esisebenza esitolo esikhulu esakhononda ngokuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yaso kwakukhula ngokushesha isikhathi ngasinye lapho sisondela ematafuleni okusesha akulesitolo. Lapho lihlola izinhlobo ezihlukene ezingaphezu kuka-30 zalemishini yokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo, leliqembu lodokotela lathola ukuthi amaza anamandla kazibuthe aphehlwa ama-electron abangelwa yizimiso zokuthungatha ukwebiwa kwempahla ayebangela lemishini eminingi elawula inhliziyo ukuba ingasebenzi kahle, ngezinye izikhathi ngokungathi sína. Labodokotela baxwayisa ngokuthi labo abanemishini yokulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo kufanele baqasheliswe ngalengozi.
Isiko Elibulalayo
Muva nje umtholampilo othile eSan Antonio, eTexas, wamukela inani elingavamile lezicelo zamantombazane asemasha zokuhlolwa ukuthi awanawo yini ingculaza. Ukuhlola kwabonisa ukuthi lamantombazane ayehlanganyela ubulili obungalondekile ‘namalungu eqembu anegciwane le-HIV’ njengengxenye yesiko lokwamukelwa. Ngokwe-Daily News yaseNew York, izikhulu zaphawula ukuthi lamantombazane aneminyaka engu-14 nengu-15 “ayekwenza lokhu ukuze abe yingxenye yeqembu” nokuthi “azibonakalise ukuthi ‘aqine ngokwanele’ ukuba angangenwa yigciwane lengculaza.” Amaningi alamantombazane azihlanganisa nalamaqembu efuna uthando nenduduzo angayitholi ekhaya. Kodwa ukuphila kweqembu kumane nje kuwenze avulekele ebudloveni, ukuziphatha okuxekethile, nezifo ezithathelwana ngobulili. Icaphuna ukuphawula kwesinye isikhulu, i-Daily News yathi “amaningi alamantombazane avela emakhaya awohlokile. Amaningi aye anukubezwa amalungu omkhaya.”
Ingabe Ingculaza Ayisalawuleki?
Ingabe ukusakazeka kwengculaza emhlabeni wonke akusalawuleki? Kungenzeka, kusho umbiko wamakhasi angu-1 000 owahlanganiswa yi-Global Aids Policy Coalition ezinze eYunivesithi yaseHarvard e-United States. Ngokwe-Guardian Weekly, lombiko ubonisa ukuthi alikho izwe elikwazile ukunqanda ukusakazeka kwengculaza nokuthi labo abathi lesifo sidlange eYurophu kungenzeka banephutha. Lombiko uthi: “Ubhadane lwe-HIV/Ingculaza lungena esimweni esisha nesiyingozi ngokwengeziwe. Njengoba usongo lomhlaba wonke lukhula, kunezimpawu eziningi zokunganaki okwandayo, ukuphika okuphikelelayo, nokucwasana okukhulayo.”
Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezisebenzi Zabesifazane
Ukuhlola kwamuva nje eSibhedlela saseToronto, eToronto, eCanada, kwabonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-70 ezisebenzi zaso zabesifazane akhononda ngokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili lapho esemsebenzini. Ngokwe-Toronto Star, amaphesenti amabili alaba besifazane abika ukuthi aye ahlaselwa ngokobulili, futhi iphesenti elilodwa libika ukuthi liye layengwa ngobuqili ukuze lihlanganyele ubulili. Abaningi balaba besifazane bathi baye “babizwa ngendlela yendelelo engenanhlonipho noma engafanelekile” futhi inani elikhulu “lakhononda ngamahlaya obulili.” I-Star sibika ukuthi cishe ama-phesenti angu-60 ezisebenzi zabesifazane “ayezizwa engalondekile ngezinye izikhathi ezingxenyeni ezithile” zalesibhedlela.
Izifundo ZeBhayibheli EYunivesithi YaseJapane
Ukuhlolwa kwamuva nje kwabafundi emnyangweni wezincwadi waseYunivesithi yaseJapane ehlonishwayo iWaseda kwabonisa ukuthi “abafundi abaningi babezimisele ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezincwadi zasendulo ikakhulukazi iBhayibheli, ababenomuzwa wokuthi kubalulekile ukuze baqonde izimpucuko zakwamanye amazwe,” kubika i-Daily Yomiuri. Leyunivesithi, eyayisihlonishwa kakade emkhakheni wezincwadi, yenezela izifundo zeBhayibheli ezifundweni zayo kusukela ngesikhathi sezifundo zasentwasahlobo ka-1993. Selokhu i-Education Ministry yanikeza amayunivesithi inkululeko eyengeziwe yokuhlela izimiso zawo zokufundisa eminyakeni emibili edlule, kuyaqala eJapane ukuba abafundi bavunyelwe ukuba bahlanganyele ekwakheni uhlelo lwezifundo zesikole.
Ukucindezela Kokuzivivinya Ngokugijigijima
Ukuzivivinya ngokugijigijima kufaka amalungu omzimba ngaphansi kokucindezela okuphindwe izikhathi eziyishumi kunokugibela ibhayisekili, ngokokuhlola okuvela e-Orthopedic University Clinic eBerlin, eJalimane. Besebenzisa inqulu yokuzenzela eklanyelwe lenjongo ngokukhethekile, ososayensi kuleyunivesithi baphumelela ngokokuqala ngqá ekulinganiseni ukucindezeleka okuba semalungwini ngamanye phakathi nemisebenzi ehlukene. I-Süddeutsche Zeitung ibika ukuthi: “Nakuba ngokuvamile kwakucatshangelwa ukuthi abantu abagijimayo bafaka imisipha namalungu abo ngaphansi kokucindezela okukhulu kunabantu abagibela amabhayisekili, ngisho nabacwaningi ngokwabo baye bamangazwa umehluko omkhulu ngalendlela.”
Ubufebe Bezingane Buyachuma E-Asia
“Lapho uneminyaka eyishumi ubudala ungumuntu omdala osemusha, lapho uneminyaka engamashumi amabili uyisalukazi, lapho uneminyaka engamashumi amathathu uyafa.” Lokho, ngokukamagazini i-National Geographic Traveler, kuyisisho esivamile ngezifebe eziyizingane zaseBangkok, eThailand. Kunezifebe eziyizingane ezingaba yisigidi e-Asia, iningi lazo elingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi ubudala. Lomagazini uphawula ukuthi ezokuvakasha zisekela lemboni echumayo engekho emthethweni. Izinhlangano eziningi ezithanda abantwana njengezisulu zobulili e-Australia, eJapane, e-United States, naseNtshonalanga Yurophu zisekela ‘ukuvakasha ngenxa yobulili’ emazweni ase-Asia. I-Times yaseLondon yabika muva nje ukuthi unyaka ngamunye amantombazane angaba ngu-5 000 “abuthwa” ezintabeni zaseNepal ukuze abe yizifebe ezindaweni zobufebe zaseBombay, eNdiya. Cishe angu-200 000 alapho manje, ingxenye yawo engenwe yi-HIV, igciwane elibangela ingculaza. Ibhizinisi elihleleke kakhulu lize lithumela ngisho namantombazane eNtshonalanga Yurophu nase-United States.
Ukukhulekela Okusheshayo
“Kungani inkonzo yesonto kumelwe iqale ngo-11 ekuseni futhi ithathe ihora noma ngaphezulu?” Lowombuzo, owaphakanyiswa muva nje umfundisi waseBaptist eFlorida, e-U.S.A., ngokombiko we-Associated Press ovela kuyi-Times-West Virginian, uye waholela ekhambini elingase libikezelwe. Umfundisi unikeza “iNkonzo Yokukhulekela Esheshayo Yemizuzu Engu-22” abika ukuthi izomnikeza isikhathi ‘sokunikeza intshumayelo, ahole ekuhlabeleleni izingoma, afunde imiBhalo, akhuleke bese ekhipha isonto lakhe.’ Intshumayelo ngokwayo iyolinganiselwa emizuzwini eyisishiyagalombili, ivumele umfundisi “ukuba enzele isonto lokho [indawo yokuthengisa ukudla] kaMcDonald eyakwenza ngenxa yokudla,” ngokwe-Associated Press. Nokho, lombiko uyenezela, “kuyonikezwa isikhathi esiningi sokuba kudluliswe ipuleti lenkongozelo.”
Ukuqeda Umkhuhlane Wodenga
Ukuhlola okuthile eThailand kubonisa ithemba elithile lokulawula umkhuhlane wodenga, isifo esiphatha abantu abangaba ngu-100 000 kulelozwe unyaka ngamunye. Umkhuhlane wodenga ngokwawo awuvamile ukuba yingozi, kodwa eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia ngokuvamile ubangela ukugula okubulalayo ezinganeni. Umiyane i-Aëdes aegypti usakaza umkhuhlane wodenga. Nokho, ngokwe-Medical Post yaseCanada, izimiso ezincike kuzibulala-zinambuzane ukuze kunqandwe lesifo ziye zabonakala zingaphumeleli, zibiza, futhi zingathandwa. Muva nje, ososayensi eYunivesithi yaseMahidol eBangkok bathola ukuthi izindawo ezivame kakhulu nezibalulekile zokuzalela kwalomiyane izimbiza ezinkulu zokugcina amanzi abantu abazigcina emakhaya abo. Ngakho baklama izivalo zalezimbiza ezilingana kháxa kodwa ezivumela umuntu ukuba akwazi ukukhipha futhi agcwalise amanzi. Labososayensi bathola ukuthi lapho zisetshenziswa ngokufanele, lezembozo zaziphumelela ngokugcwele ekubulaleni izimpethu ezithwala lesifo. Imizi esebenzisa lezembozo yathola ukuthi amazinga omkhuhlane wodenga ehla kusukela phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-11 nangu-22 kuya kumaphesenti angu-0,4.
Ukunciphisa Ukukhandleka kwamehlo
Uma uhlushwa ukukhandleka kwamehlo ngenxa yokubuka ithelevishini noma i-computer yakho, ungase uthole ikhambi ngokumane uyehlise kancane futhi uyibhekise phezulu. Lokutusa, okuvela kuyi-New England Journal of Medicine, kusekelwe embonweni wokuthi abantu bacwayiza kancane futhi bavula amehlo abo kakhulu lapho bebheke ngokuqondile kunalapho bebheke phansi. Ukungacwayizi njalo kusho ukungathanjiswa kwamehlo, futhi ukuwavula kakhulu ngokwengeziwe kwandisa ukuhwamuka kongwengwezi lomswakama oluyisivikelo samehlo.
Amasonto Athengiswayo
ISonto LamaRoma Katolika e-Italy alazi ngokuqondile ukuthi zingaki izakhiwo zenkolo elinazo, kodwa iyodwa into eqinisekile: Alikwazi ukuzinakekela zonke. Inani lezakhiwo zamasonto ezishiyiwe eziwohloka kancane kancane landa nsuku zonke. Ngakho, uPietro Antonio Garlato, umongameli we-Council for the Cultural Heritage of the Italian Church, wathi isonto licabangela ukuthi lingazithengisa yini noma cha izakhiwo ezithile ezingasasetshenziselwa izinjongo ezingokwenkolo. Mangaki amasonto ayotholakalela ukuthengiswa? “Ukulinganisela kwangaphambili okukha phezulu,” kuchaza lombhishobhi kuyi-Messaggero, “kubonisa inani lamaphesenti ayishumi” lamasonto ase-Italy angaphezu kuka-95 000.
Kunomsindo Ngokweqile
Ukuhlola kwamuva nje kokungcolisa komsindo eBerlin, eJalimane, kwathola ukuthi abantu abaningi kakhulu baphila ngamazinga omsindo aphakeme ngokuyingozi. Iphephandaba i-Süddeutsche Zeitung liphawula ukuthi amaphesenti angu-40 ezindlu zakulelidolobha asemigwaqweni emikhulu, “lapho kunomsindo khona ngokweqile cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi.” Eqinisweni, phakathi nosuku izinga lomsindo kumaphesenti angu-95 amakamelo abheke emigwaqweni lingaphezu kwezinga eliphakeme elamukelekayo lama-decibel angu-65. Engxenyeni yesihlanu yalawomakamelo, izinga lomsindo lingama-decibel angu-75. Imisindo yasebusuku nayo yayiphakeme ngokweqile cishe kuyo yonke imigwaqo eyahlolwa. Amazinga omsindo aphakeme aziwa ngokuphazamisa ukukhulumisana, ukugxilisa ukunakekela, nokusebenza kwengqondo.