Izindlu Ezimibalabala ZaseHaiti

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EHAITI

IZINDLU ezimibalabala zaseHaiti aziyona nje indaba ecatshangelwayo. Zingokoqobo. Kodwa njengoba zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nobubende, ukukhanga kwazo nobuhle bobuciko obungavamile buzinikeza ukubukeka okungekhona okoqobo.

Indlela ezakhiwe ngayo ihlanganisa umklamo omuhle nezindonga eziqinile ezingase zibe ngezokhuni, izitini, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Ezinye zinamafasitela amakhulu aphongozela kovulandi abakhulu, abafulelwe abasekelwe ngezinsika zokhuni njengokungathi bamiswe ngemishayo. Ngezinye izikhathi izinsika zikakhonkolo noma zokhuni ezinensimbi ngaphakathi zihlobisa amaphasishi amakhulu aholela engadini. Yonke into ihlotshiswe ngokhuni olubazwe ngobuciko, olubushelelezi, futhi amafasitela ayindilinga, izinto ezibonisa ukuhamba komoya, kanye nophahla oluyindilinga phezulu kunezela isimo sendawo ecatshangelwayo.

Ekuqaleni kwawo-1900, izindlu ezimibalabala zazithandwa umphakathi wesigaba esiphakathi kulelizwe laseWest Indies. Intengo yokungenisa ezweni izinto ezinjengezitini eziphuzi, uthayela wetshe-boya, nezingodo zikaphayini zaseMelika kwakwenza zibize kakhulu kubantu abavamile. Namuhla, ziwubuciko bomlando obukhanga abantu ababona amazwe ukuba beze ePort-au-Prince nakwamanye amadolobha. Izivakashi zikhangwa umhlobiso walezizindlu wamapulangwe abazwe ngobuciko owaziwa ngokuthi i-Carpenter Gothic. Lendlela yokuhlobisa ngemibalabala yasungulwa eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika ngemva kokusungulwa komshini wokusika amapulangwe abe indilinga.

Ithonya LaseFrance

Eveza elinye ithonya ekusungulweni kwezindlu ezimibalabala zaseHaiti, umklami wezakhiwo uPaul Mathon, oyise, uLeón, wayeyingqalabutho ekuklanyweni kwezakhiwo ezihlotshiswe ngendlela emibalabala, wake watshela i-Phaphama!: “Nakuba kungase kubonakale kumangalisa ngezakhiwo ezingakaqedi nekhulu leminyaka zikhona, akuqinisekwa ukuthi zasungulwa kuphi. Nakuba singenakuliphika ithonya le-Carpenter Gothic, kumelwe sifune umthombo wesikhuthazo ezikoleni okuvame ukuya kuzo abathuthukisi bezindlu ezihlotshiswe ngendlela emibalabala. Ithonya laseFrance lisobala, nakuba lezizakhiwo zavunyelaniswa nokuphila, impucuko, nesimo sezulu saseHaiti.”

Abaklami bezakhiwo abaqeqeshwa eFrance baletha lendlela yokwakha eHaiti. UPaul Mathon wathi: “Babeqeqesha onjiniyela nezinduna ukuba basebenzise amapulani abo. Izikole zokubaza zakhiqiza ababazi abangochwepheshe. Futhi kwakubusa umoya wobuciko owakhuthaza ukusakazeka kwalendlela yokuklama izakhiwo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, konke lokhu kwanyamalala. Izindlu ezifaniswa nalezi zingezezinga eliphansi.”

Lendlela yokuklama izakhiwo yenziwe kahle ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo eziphole ngokwanele esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Uphahla lwangaphakathi oluphakeme ngokuphindwe kabili kunolwezakhiwo zesimanje lwenza kushaye umoya omningana, okuthuthukisa ukuncishiswa kokushisa. Iminyango namafasitela amakhulu anezembozo zohlobo lweVenetian enza kube nomoya opholile oheleza ekamelweni ngalinye. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kokhuni ekuhlobiseni iphansi nezindonga nakho kuyindlela enhle yokuvimbela ukushisa kwangaphandle. Kodwa lezizindlu zithathelwa indawo izindlela ezintsha zokwakha.

Izinto Okufanele Zigcinwe Emnyuziyamu

Ukufika kweziphephetha-moya zesimanje ngokusobala kuye kwanciphisa ukukhanga kwalezizindlu. Kukhethwa izakhiwo zikakhonkolo ngenxa yokuhlala kwazo isikhathi eside, njengoba izakhiwo zokhuni kancane kancane ziba izindonga eziwohlokayo, ezidliwa umuhlwa. Yiqiniso, abanye abaklami bezakhiwo bayazisebenzisa izindlela zokuhlobisa ngemibalabala kulezizindlu ezintsha, ezihlala isikhathi eside, futhi abanye bavuselela izindlu zakudala ezihlotshiswe ngendlela emibalabala, besebenzisa ukhonkolo ukuze benze izindonga ezihlala isikhathi eside.

Nakuba kunjalo, izindlu ezihlotshiswe ngendlela emibalabala ngeke ziphinde zibe nobuhle bazo bangesikhathi esidlule, nakuba ezinye ziseyizindlu ezikhangayo. Kubonakala sengathi zimiselwe ukuba ekugcineni zihlale ziyiminyuziyamu—izikhumbuzo zobuciko ezinhle zendlela eyingqayizivele yokuklama izakhiwo zaseHaiti.