Ukubuka Okwezwe
Inkinga Yamanzi
Umbiko wamuva we-FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization yeZizwe Ezihlangene) uthi amazwe angaba ngu-30 emhlabeni jikelele ayobe ebhekene nokuntuleka kwamanzi okukhulu ngonyaka ka-2000. Ngokwe-FAO, njengoba kunokuncintisana okukhulayo ngemithombo yamanzi elinganiselwe, amakhulu ezigidi zabantu ngeke asithole isilinganiso samanzi adingekayo ukuze aphile. Abantu abasengozini enkulu yilabo abasenyakatho naseningizimu yogwadule iSahara e-Afrika, iMpumalanga Eseduze, neHungary. Lombiko, owavela ephephandabeni laseParis i-Monde, uthi ezolimo zisebenzisa cishe amaphesenti angu-70 (amaphesenti angu-90 emazweni asathuthuka) emithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni ukuze kuniselwe ngenkasa. I-FAO ilinganisela ukuthi amaphesenti angaba ngu-60 alamanzi ayasaphazwa ngenxa yezindlela ezingaphumeleli zokunisela ngenkasa.
Isiko LamaJapane Elinyamalalayo?
Inhlonipho ejulile amaJapane abevame ukuyibonisa asebekhulile ibonakala incipha. Ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwasebekhulile kuyanda. I-Mainichi Daily News ichaza ukuthi ngokomunye uchwepheshe, imikhaya eminingi yanamuhla izithola inakekela izihlobo zayo ezikhulile ingathandi futhi ayikwazi ukubhekana nalokhu kucindezeleka. Ivame ukuphendukela ebudloveni nokungabanaki. Ngokwe-Mainichi Daily News, kwesinye isenzakalo indoda ethile yajwayela “umkhuba wokubhaxabula uyise oneminyaka engu-75 ubudala noma nini lapho enqaba ukuyinikeza imali yempesheni.” Ezinye izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa ukubopha izingalo nemilenze yomzali osekhulile bese evalelwa ekamelweni kanye nokugxisha isalukazi izidwedwe emlonyeni.
Ukuqaphela Izingozi Zokuzivocavoca
I-Times yaseLondon ibika ukuthi “ukuphishekela ngokweqile ukuzivocavoca ngamandla” kungalimaza izindlebe ngaphakathi. Kubonakala sengathi ukugxumagxuma ngamandla kaningi kungazilimaza unomphela izingxenye ezibucayi zengaphakathi lendlebe. Ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile isiyezi, ukuyenda, ukuguliswa izinto zokuhamba, nokuduma kwezindlebe. Ukuhlolwa kwamuva kwabesifazane ababefundisa amakilasi okuzivocavoca ngamandla kabili ngosuku kwembule ukuthi abangamaphesenti angu-83 babenenkinga yokuzwa imisindo ekhalela phezulu. Okunye okubangela ukukhathazeka ukuthi abanye besifazane kubonakala beba imilutha yokuzivivinya “ngamandla ngokweqile.” Izisulu zakho “zigcina zitubekile, zinemisipha edonsekile, ukuchachamba kwethambo okubangelwa ukucindezeleka, futhi uma zihlanganyela emakilasini okuzivivinya ngamandla, zinenkinga yokuyenda,” kuphawula i-Times.
Okwenza Kube Nezimoto Ezimbalwa Kangaka EChina
Nakuba kunomphakathi wabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane, kunezimoto ezingu-50 000 kuphela eChina okungezabantu. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokwe-China Today, lelinani limelela “ukwanda okukhulu.” Ngo-1983 kwakunezimoto ezingu-60 kuphela kulelozwe! Kulindeleke ukuba inani labantu abanezimoto lande esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Nokho, ofuna ukuthenga kumelwe abale izindleko. EChina kunezinhlobo zezintela ezihlukene ezingaphezu kuka-40 ezikhuphula intengo yemoto. Ngokwesibonelo, “imoto ingase ibize ama-yuan angu-300,000 (cishe ama-dollar ase-United States angu-37,000 [R134 000]) eChina, kodwa ibize ama-dollar ase-United States angaphansi kuka-10,000 [R36 000] kwamanye amazwe.” Kuthiwani ngezindleko zokufunda ukushayela? I-China Today iphawula ukuthi esinye isikole sokufundela ukushayela sikhokhisa “imali eliphinda kabili iholo lonyaka lesisebenzi esivamile.”
Amakhamera Ayawenza Umehluko
I-Department of Transport yaseLondon, eNgilandi, ibika ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwenani lokweqiwa kwesivinini ezindaweni okuye kwafakwa kuzo amakhamera athatha izithombe zezinombolo zezimoto ezigijima kakhulu. Lamakhamera anikeza iziphathimandla izithombe ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlawulisa abashayeli abeqa isivinini. Angakwazi nokuveza ubufakazi obungabenza baboshwe labo abangami emarobhothini abomvu. Umagazini i-New Scientist ubika ukuthi selokhu kwafakwa lamakhamera, “inani labantu abalimala kabi emigwaqweni ekhethelwe lomkhankaso liye lehla ngengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu.” Lapho lamakhamera eqala ukusebenza, inani elisesilinganisweni lezimoto ezeqa ijubane elisemthethweni ngamakhilomitha angu-32 ngehora lehla lisuka ezimotweni ezingu-1 000 laya kwezingu-30 ngosuku. I-New Scientist iyaphawula: “Inani labashayeli abangami emarobhothini liye lehla ngamaphesenti angu-40 nenani lezingozi ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo liye lancipha ngamaphesenti angu-60.”
Isizukulwane Sika-1914
Amadoda nabesifazane base-United States abangu-272 000 kuphela kwabangu-4 743 826 abahlanganyela eMpini Yezwe I ababephila ngo-1984. (Phaphama!, April 8, 1988) Ngokwe-Department of Veterans Affairs, namuhla lelonani selehle lafinyelela kwabalinganiselwa ku-30 000, futhi isilinganiso sobudala babo iminyaka engu-95. Nokho, emhlabeni wonke ngo-1992 kwakusenabantu abaphilayo abangu-61 486 000 besizukulwane esazalwa ngo-1914 noma ngaphambi kwalokho.
Londani Izilokazane
I-New York Times iphawula ukuthi ngaphandle kwezinambuzane nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla, “isimiso sembulunga yonke sezinto eziphilayo nendawo ezungezile besingawohloka, abantu nezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla mhlawumbe bebeyohlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela, futhi leplanethi ibiyogcwala ama-alga nesikhunta.” Sisekela ekuhloleni okuthile kwamuva nje, lesisihloko se-Times sixwayisa ngokuthi ukukhathalela okuvamile kokulondoloza imikhomo, amahlosi, nezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisengozini kufanele kwandiswe ukuze kuhlanganise nezilwane ezingenamgogodla. Lezizidalwa ezincane zisingatha izinqubo eziningana ezibalulekile ezenzeka endaweni ezungezile, kuhlanganise nokudla izinto ezibolile, ukunikeza izitshalo impova, ukusakaza imbewu, nokuqeda imfucumfucu. E-United States kuphela, abantu bakhipha cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-130 endle minyaka yonke, kanti imfuyo ikhipha amanye amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-12. Ngokomunye uchwepheshe, amaphesenti angu-99 alemfucumfucu “kucatshangwa ukuthi aboliswa izilwane ezingenamgogodla.”
Izilimi Eziphelayo
Izilimi eziningana zisengozini yokunyamalala ezweni lasePapua New Guinea elinezilimi ezihlukahlukene. Kakade kuye kwaphela izilimi ezinhlanu eminyakeni engu-40 edlule. Ngokwe-Post-Courier yasePapua New Guinea, lokho “kushiya izilimi ezingu-867 kuphela kulelizwe.” I-Post-Courier ichaza ukuthi ‘ukutholakala kwezilimi ezihlukahlukene kulelizwe kubangelwa ukuhlukana ngendawo kwezizwe eziningi ezisenkabeni yalelizwe enezintaba namahlathi.’ Leliphephandaba linezela ukuthi ‘kunezilimi ezingu-22 ezikhulunywa abantu abangaphansi kwekhulu, izilimi eziyisikhombisa ezikhulunywa abantu abangaphansi kuka-20 kanye nezilimi eziyishumi ezikhulunywa abantu abangaphansi kweshumi.’ Olunye lwezilimi ezisengozini yokuphela isi-Uruava, esikhulunywa abantu abahlanu. Ulimi lwesiBina nolwesiYoba ngalunye lukhulunywa abantu ababili kuphela.
Ulimi Lwenyoka Olusamfoloko
Ulimi olusamfoloko luyisiza ngani inyoka? Ngokombiko othile kuyi-International Herald Tribune, lolulimi lusiza inyoka ukuba ilandelele umkhondo wephunga ngendlela efanayo izindlebe zethu ezimbili ezisebenza ngayo ndawonye ukuze zithole ukuthi umsindo ungakuphi. Lapho ithungatha inyamazane noma umngane wayo, inyoka ilukhipha ngokuphindaphindiwe ulimi lwayo, ihlukanise izihloko zalo kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngalendlela, inyoka ithungatha iphunga ngezihloko ezimbili, okuyenza yazi ukuthi isilwane esifunayo sishone ngakuphi.
Ukuhlukunyezwa Yiziguli Ngokobulili
Ukuhlola okuthile kwamuva kwembula ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili emsebenzini kuyinkinga engathi sína kodokotela abaningi besifazane. I-Medical Post ichaza ukuthi kulokhu kuhlola, amaphesenti angu-77 abasabela “abika ukuhlukunyezwa iziguli ngokobulili ngandlela-thile.” Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi odokotela bangayixazulula ngokwabo lenkinga. Bakhuthazwa ukuba baziphathe njengabantu abasemsebenzini nabangochwepheshe, bagqoke ijazi elimhlophe, futhi bafake indandatho yomshado lapho belapha iziguli. Nokho, abanye banomuzwa wokuthi akukho okungenziwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili kodokotela besifazane. I-Post iveza lombono lapho ithi “odokotela besifazane bayingxenye yomphakathi lapho ukuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili nokwesatshwa kwakho kungokwemvelo kumuntu wesifazane.”
Ukushisa Ama-cornea
Iphephabhuku elithile lezokwelapha lisanda kubika ukuthi abesifazane abaningi abasebasha bashisa ama-cornea abo ngengozi ngokuzihlaba emehlweni ngamakamu ashisayo lapho belungisa izinwele. NgokukaDkt. Dean Ouano wase-Scheie Eye Institute yase-University of Pennsylvania, lokhu “cishe ukulimala kwe-cornea ngokusha okuvame kakhulu kunakho konke.” Okunye ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ngokuvamile iso alihlali isikhathi eside lilimele, futhi ezimweni eziningi iso elishile liyaphola phakathi nezinsuku ezintathu. Nokho, uDkt. Albert Cheskes wase-Bochner Eye Institute eToronto uchaza lengozi njengengaba “yimbi kakhulu.” Unezela ukuthi yenzeka “ngoba kunamakamu amaningi ngokwandayo okulungisa izinwele asetshenziswayo kanti nabesifazane bayaphuthuma.”
Ubugebengu Basemagcekeni Esikole
I-Toronto Star ithi: “Ubudlova basesikoleni bubi, budlangile futhi ngokushesha buba inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke ebhekene nabafundisi nabaholi bezombangazwe.” Inani lezenzo zobudlova liyanda unyaka ngamunye odlulayo. Ngo-1993, ubugebengu basemagcekeni esikole endaweni yaseToronto babuhlanganisa ukuhlaselwa okungu-810, ukuhlaselwa ngokobulili okungu-131, nokudliswa ushevu okungu-7 kanye namacala angu-141 ezikhali eziyingozi. I-Star sinezela ukuthi amaphoyisa aye “athola intilibathwa yezibhamu, imimese, izinduku, nezinye izikhali kubafundi.” Abazali abakhathazekile babheka izikole njengendawo eyingozi ukuthumela izingane zabo kuyo. Izikole zazivame ukuba isikhoselo sokufunda, “kodwa manje uthola amaqembu, ukusatshiswa ontanga, izikhali,” kubika i-Star.