Ilayisi—Ulithanda Libilisiwe Noma Liluhlaza?

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! ENDIYA

‘ILAYISI ulidla libilisiwe noma liluhlaza?’ Yilowombuzo ongase uwubuzwe uma uvakashele emzini weNdiya. ENdiya cishe amaphesenti angu-60 elayisi adliwa ethe ukubiliswa kancane (liphekwa lingavuthwa kahle). Kodwa kungase kukumangalise ukwazi ukuthi emazweni aseNtshonalanga, cishe wonk’ umuntu udla lokho amaNdiya akubiza ngokuthi ilayisi eliluhlaza!

Konke lokhu kungase kungakuxaki uma uqaphela ukuthi asikhulumi ngendlela yokulungiselela ilayisi elizodliwa, kodwa ngendlela esetshenziswa amaNdiya ekulungiseni izinhlamvu zelayisi lapho zivunwa. Kwenziwani-ke uma lilungiswa kanjalo, futhi kwenzelwani? Ukulibukisisa ilayisi nokulungiselelwa kwalo njengokudla okusanhlamvu kuzosinikeza izimpendulo ezizosikhanyisela.

Ukudla Okuyisisekelo Kwezigidi

Imivubukulo nemibhalo yasendulo egciniwe kubonisa ukuthi ilayisi lalitshalwa eNdiya naseChina ezinkulungwaneni ezintathu zeminyaka B.C.E. Abantu basendulo ababehlala eNdiya babelibiza ngokuthi i-dhanya, noma “umlondolozi wohlanga lwesintu.” Lisafaneleka leligama ngoba baningi abantu abaphila ngelayisi kunanoma yikuphi okunye ukudla okulinyiwe. Iningi lalabantu lihlala e-Asia, lapho ngokomunye umthombo, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600 bathola amandla abo ansuku zonke elayisini lodwa nalapho ilayisi elikhiqizwa emhlabeni elingaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-90 likhiqizwa khona bese liyadliwa.

Izindawo ezimanzi ezingenela olwandle nezishisa bhé zaseGanges zingezinye zezikhiqiza ilayisi ezihamba phambili emhlabeni. Imvula eningi nesimo sezulu esishisayo kanye nobuningi bezisebenzi, kwenza lendawo ikufanelekele ukutshalwa ilayisi. Ake samukele isimemo sabangane bethu abahlala emaphandleni akulendawo bese sizibonela ngawethu ukuvunwa nokulungiswa kwelayisi.

Ukuvuna Ilayisi Emasimini Amanzi

Ibhasi lethu lisiyisa eJaidercote eNtshonalanga Bengal, bese siqhubeka nohambo lwethu oluya maphakathi ngorisho onamasondo amathathu. Kungakapholi maseko sibona umsebenzi usha emasimini. Akubonakali mishini evunayo lapha! Kunalokho, obaba, amadodana, omalume, nezelamani bamatasa emasimini amanzi elayisi, babamba izinhlanga bazibhanqe ndawonye esandleni bese bezisika kanye kanye ngamasikela amancane. Omunye wabavuni, ebona ikhamera yethu, uyasheshisa ebopha isithungu sakhe ngentambo yelala abesesiphakamisa sengathi uzothathwa isithombe. Yasihlekisa indlela abantu basemaphandleni abayithanda ngayo ikhamera.

Izithungu zibekwa usuku noma izinsuku ezimbili elangeni ukuze zome. Ngemva kwalokho amalungu omkhaya amancane angafaka isandla, athuthe amabhele amancane ezithungu ezomile ezihlofozelayo azithwale emakhanda ayekelele.

Ekugcineni, safika ekhaya. “Unjani Dada?” sibingelela esimvakashele, sisebenzisa igama lenhlonipho. Ukumomotheka kwakhe kusiqinisekisa ngokuthi konke kuhamba kahle, sesibona umkakhe ekhwishizela eyolungisa itiye.

Ngesikhathi siphuza itiye lasekuseni, simbuza ukuthi isivuno salonyaka sibe njani. “Asibanga sibi kangako,” ephendula ngendlela yokuzibamba yabalimi, kodwa ube esekhala ngokuthi njengoba eminyakeni yamuva sekusetshenziswa izimbewu eziveza isivuno esikhulu, ukunotha komhlaba kuyakhinyabezeka kakhulu. Zaqala ngokuveza isivuno esiyisimangaliso, kodwa manje sekuhlukile. Imiquba eyenziwe ngamakhemikhali edingeka kulezizimbewu eziveza isivuno esikhulu imba eqolo futhi akakwazi ukuyithenga.

Ukubhula Nokubilisa Kancane

Lapho siqeda ukudla kwethu okulula, sicela lomkhaya ukuba uqhubeke nomsebenzi wawo wokuvuna, esizowubuka. Kulomkhaya sekubhuliwe kakade. Kude buduze, kwamakhelwane, abesifazane bamatasa. Babhula izithungu ngazinye phezu kwendawo eyakhiwe ngoqalo bese izinhlamvu ziphuma lapho luvaveke khona. Izintambo zelala ezisele zenziwa inqwaba.

Ilayisi elingagayiwe, elibizwa nangokuthi i-paddy, lembozwe ikhoba elimahhadla, elingagayeki esiswini. Ngakho kulabo abakhetha ilayisi eliluhlaza, isinyathelo esesisele ukususa amakhoba, mhlawumbe nokulicolisisa nokuligaya uma lenzelwa izimakethe zangaphandle ezitetemayo.

Nokho, lomkhiqizo walapha awuwona owokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kodwa uzodliwa imikhaya elimayo. Izinhlamvu bazigcina kuyi-tikri, noma isitsha sokulondoloza ukudla esilingene umkhaya esinesivalo sotshani. Abantu baseGanges ngokuvamile badla ilayisi elibiliswe kancane, kodwa sincokola nesimvakashele, sisikisela ukuba enze ilayisi eliluhlaza kulonyaka.

“Ngeke neze,” ephendula. “Kulendawo sijwayele ilayisi elibilisiwe futhi ngandlela-thile asilijabuleli ngendlela efanayo ilayisi eliluhlaza.”

Sizwile ukuthi inqubo yokulungiselela ilayisi elibilisiwe ihilela ukulicwilisa nokulibilisa kancane, kodwa asiqiniseki ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa kanjani. Siyajabula ngokuthi umngane wethu uthi uzosibonisa inqubo esetshenziswa umkhaya wakhe. Akudingeki zitsha ezikhethekile ngoba kwenziwa intwanyana encane nje ngesikhathi ezokwazi ukudliwa umkhaya isonto lonke noma amabili. Bagcwalisa i-hanri enkulu, noma ibhodwe, ngezinhlamvu ezinamakhoba ezigcinwe kuyi-tikri bese kufakwa amanzi angangelitha. Libe selibekwa eziko lomlilo obaswe ngelala, obizwa ngokuthi i-oonoon, kuze kushe amanzi. Okuphakathi kube sekucwiliswa kulale emanzini amasha, bese kuthi uma esecwengiwe kuphindwe kuphindiselwe kuyi-hanri ukuba kubhadle kuze kome futhi. Ekugcineni, lezizinhlamvu zenekwa phansi ukuze zomiswe ilanga, zilokhu ziphendulwa nje ngonyawo.

Lokhu kithina kwabonakala njengomsebenzi omningi ongadingekile, kodwa lenqubo inezinzuzo ezithile ngaphandle nje kokuthi lomkhaya uyayithanda. Ukulibilisa kancane kwenza ukuba amavithamini nezakhi ezinomsoco ezisohlamvwini lwelayisi zimunceke zingene kuyi-endosperm, noma engxenyeni enokudla yelayisi. Azibe zisaphuma kalula uma seligezwa futhi liphekwa. Umphumela uba ukudla okunomsoco kakhulu. Lezizakhi ezinomsoco ezengeziwe zisho ukuphila nokufa kulabo abaphila ngelayisi.

Enye inzuzo ethandwa kakhulu abalimi ukuthi izinhlamvu ezibiliswe kancane zilondolozeka kalula futhi amakhoba asuka kalula. Lokho, kanye nokuqina kwalo, kwenza ukuba lingaqhephuki kalula.

Ukunambitheka Kwezinhlamvu

“Sekuyisikhathi setiye futhi nokudla okulula,” kusho esimvakashele. Siphindela kwakhe lapho uDida (uGogo) elungisa khona i-moori. Lelilayisi elikhukhumele elisanda kuphekwa liyintandokazi kawonk’ uwonke, ikakhulukazi izingane. UDida uqosheme ngakuyi-oonoon, uthosa izinkomishana ezimbalwa zelayisi elibiliswe kancane elingenamakhoba abelicwilisile walixuba nosawotshana. Izinhlamvu sezomile manje futhi azilona iphalishi ngakho uthela ezimbalwa ngesikhathi epanini lensimbi elinesihlabathi esishisayo. Njengoba eqhubeka eshisa lesisihlabathi, ilayisi liyakhukhumala libe likhulu ngokuphindwe kaningi. Le-moori esivuthiwe yengulwa ngokushesha phezu kwesihlabathi ngesixheke sezinswani ngaphambi kokuba ishe. Lezizinswani zisiza nasekujeziseni izandlana ezincane ezifuna ukucobhoza kubhasikidi one-moori eshisayo.

Sijabulela i-moori yethu kanye nezingcezu zikakhukhunathi osanda kusikwa, kodwa siyaqikelela ukuba singabibeli ngoba sikhumbula ukuthi ukudla kwasemini akusekude.

Inqubo yokugcina esizoyibona eyokususa amakhoba. Kuze kube muva nje lokhu kwakwenziwa ngothi lwesigqulo nesigqulo okusetshenziswa ngonyawo okubizwa ngokuthi i-dhenki, kodwa manje, ngisho nasezindaweni ezingazodwa, imishini yokususa amakhoba yenza umsebenzi osheshayo. Abanye babantu abamnkatsh’ ubomvu bayakhala ngalolushintsho ngoba ilayisi elihlutshwe nge-dhenki lisala isikhumba sangaphakathi esibomvana (epidermis) singathintekile, okwenza lokhu kudla kunambitheke futhi kube nezakhi ezinomsoco ezengeziwe. Umshini wona ususa konke—amakhoba, izimpepha, nenhliziyo yembewu—ushiya kuphela ingxenye enokudla emhlophe, enesitashi ethandwa kakhulu namuhla.

Izintokazi sezijahe ukuba sidle ukudla ebezikulungisa. Zipheke lelilayisi elibiliswe kancane ngokulibilisa lize livuthwe, futhi manje seliphakwa liqonge emapuletini angamakhasi kabhanana. Kube sekulandela isishebo sembumba, imifino yendawo, nenhlanzi edotshwe echibini okuzoshetshwa nelayisi. Sonke sisho ngazwi linye ukuthi lena iyona ngxenye esiyijabulela kunazo zonke ekuvakasheni kwethu.

Yebo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lidliwa libilisiwe noma liluhlaza, ilayisi liwukudla okwehla esiphundu, okunye kohlaza uNkulunkulu aluhlumisa ‘njengemifino yokusiza umuntu.’—IHubo 104:14.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 26]

I-Jhal Moori

Ezindaweni eziningi zaseNdiya, ukudla okulula okwenziwa ngelayisi elikhukhumalisiwe kudayiswa emigwaqweni abadayisi abagqoke izingubo ezinemibala ekhangayo. I-Jhal moori enambithekayo nenomsoco ingenziwa kalula futhi yehlukile ekudleni okulula okuvamile okufakwe emaphaketheni okusuke sekulungiswe ngaphambili.

Enkomishini yelayisi eliklamuzelayo, elingafakwe shukela nelikhukhumalisiwe, awuvuvuzele lezizinto ezilandelayo, kuye ngokuthi uthanda ziphi izithako: utamatisi, u-anyanisi, ukhukhumba, upelepele oluhlaza (uma uwuthanda) okuqotshwe kwakuncane, amantongomane ambalwa, i-chick-pea (uma uyithanda), i-chaat masala (ingxubevange yezinongo eziyimpuphu, ezitholakala ezitolo zamaNdiya) noma usawotshana omncane nophepha, isigamu sethisipuni le-mustard oil noma i-salad oil. Kuhlanganise ngamandla bese ukudla ngokushesha.

Njengoba abantu bengase bathande izinongo ezingefani, umdayisi we-moori uthi umuntu ozothenga akazikhethele emifinweni yakhe enhlobonhlobo eqotshiwe nezinongo ukuthi uthandani futhi kufakwe kangakanani. Ungase ukulungise futhi lokhu kudla ngokufaka izithako ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene, izivakashi zakho zizihlanganisele zona izithako ze-moori.

[Izithombe ekhasini 24, 25]

(1) Ukubhula izinhlanga zelayisi (2) Ukwela (3) UDida ulungisa i-“moori” (4) Ubhasikidi we-“moori” unezithako ezinhlobonhlobo