Ukufuya Izinyosi—Okuhlangenwe Nakho “Okumnandi”
Ngumlobeli we-Phaphama! eGreece
UKUNTWELA kokusa kukhanyisa umkhathi kancane kancane. Kulawo makhaza nenkungu yasekuseni, kuma iveni ngaphandle kokwenza umsindo emgwaqweni ongaphansi kwentaba. Kuqhamuka izithunzi ezimbili ezilufifi—zifake amagilavu, amawudlu, izambatho zikakotini ezemboza wonke umzimba, nezigqoko ezinkulu ezivalekile. Ngokucophelela kodwa ngokuzimisela, zilayisha amabhokisi amaningi amapulangwe evenini. Ingabe izigebengu ezithole impango kalula? Cha, umbhangqwana wabafuyi bezinyosi unakekela iqulo lawo lezinyosi eziyigugu—ulungela ukungena endleleni, ulibangise kwenye indawo enezitshalo ezinompe.
Abafuyi bezinyosi bawuhlobo lwabantu olukhethekile, olujabulela ubudlelwane obuseduze nohlobo olukhethekile lwesinambuzane. Kolunye uhlangothi, kunenyosi eyenza uju, mhlawumbe eyisinambuzane esizuzisa kunazo zonke ngokomnotho, esikhiqiza uju nomovu futhi sithuthele impova ezilimweni eziningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunabantu abaziphilisa ngokunakekela izinyosi labo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo abazithandayo lezi zilwanyana futhi “abaqondayo ukuthi zifunani,” njengoba omunye wabo ekubeka.
Umnakekeli ‘Wezimangaliso Zansuku Zonke’
Ukuba umfuyi wezinyosi kungabonakala kulula: Ukuthola idlanzana lezidleke ezinamaqulo ezinyosi, uzibeke endaweni enompe, bese ubuya ngemva kwezinyanga ezithile uzolanda umkhiqizo. Kodwa akunjalo. Ukuze sithole ukuthi yini ngempela ehilelekile, saxoxa noJohn noMaria, abangochwepheshe bokufuya izinyosi, abasitshela ngenjabulo ngomsebenzi wabo abawuthandayo.
“Ukufuya izinyosi kuwukusebenza ngezimangaliso zansuku zonke,” kuphawula uJohn njengoba encika esidlekeni esivulekile. “Nokho, akekho okuqonda ngokucacile ukuphila kwezenhlalo okuhlelekile, amakhono okukhulumisana aphambili nemikhuba yokusebenza emihle kakhulu yenyosi eyenza uju.”
Elandisa umlando wobuchwepheshe bokufuya izinyosi, uJohn uthi esikhathini esidlule abafuyi bezinyosi babethatha uju ngokubulala amaqulo ezinyosi, ayetholakala ezihlahleni ezigwedekile nakweminye imigodi. Nokho, ngo-1851, uLorenzo Lorraine Langstroth, umfuyi wezinyosi waseMelika, wathola ukuthi izinyosi zishiya isikhala esingaba amamilimitha ayisithupha phakathi kwamakhekheba. Ngakho, kwakungase kusetshenziswe izidleke ezenziwe umuntu kushiywe isikhala esifanayo phakathi kwamakhekheba. Manje kwase kungenzeka ukususa amafulemu ngamanye esidlekeni futhi kuthathwe uju nomovu ngaphandle kokubhubhisa iqulo lezinyosi.
UJohn uyaqhubeka: “Ukuze uphumelele ekufuyeni izinyosi, kumelwe uwathande ngempela amaqulo akho ezinyosi. Unjengobaba ezinyosini zakho, futhi ngikholelwa ukuthi ziyakuqaphela lokhu futhi zisabele ngendlela efanele. Ubuye ube udokotela wazo, umnakekeli, umondli wazo phakathi nezikhathi ezinzima zasebusika.”
UMaria uyanezela: “Umfuyi wezinyosi omuhle angabona okuningi ngokumane nje abuke isidleke sezinyosi, ngokuvamile esiba nezinyosi eziphakathi kwezinkulungwane ezingu-8 nezinkulungwane ezingu-80. Uma uzazi, lapho uvula isidleke, umsindo nje wokubhuza kwazo uyokutshela uma iqulo lichuma, lithela, futhi ‘lijabulile’; uma lilambile; uma ‘liyintandane’ ngoba insikazi ebekela amaqanda isifile; uma lithukutheliswe okuthile okungajabulisi; nokunye okuningi.”
Izici Ezibalulekile Zokufuya Izinyosi Ngokuphumelelayo
“Kubalulekile ukuyikhetha ngokucophelela indawo umfuyi wezinyosi abeka kuyo izidleke zakhe,” kuchaza uJohn. “Siyazikhandla sifuna amadlelo anezimbali lapho izinyosi zingathola khona ukudla.
“Umfuyi wezinyosi angase afune izindawo ezinezihlahla eziqhakazayo zamawolintshi nama-basswood ukuze izinyosi zakhe zihlale zimatasa. Ehlobo nasekwindla, indawo egcwele izihlahla zikaphayini neze-fir ziyosiza ekuvezeni uju oluhle olunombala ogqamile othi awube bomvu, oluthengwa kakhulu. Izihlahla eziqhakazayo ze-thyme yasendle zenza uju oluphuma phambili—uju lwekhethelo, njengoba belubiza kanjalo abafuyi bezinyosi. Izinyosi ziyawadla nama-clover amhlophe, ama-clover ohlobo lwe-yellow sweet notshani i-alfalfa.”
Ukwahlulela okuhle kubalulekile. UMaria uyachaza: “Lapho sibeka izidleke endaweni enezintaba, kuyinzuzo ukuzibeka ngaphansi kwentaba. Kanjalo izinyosi zingandiza zenyukele phezulu entabeni, ziye ezihlahleni eziqhakazile, bese kuthi—lapho zisuthi—zindize kalula zehle zibuyele ezidlekeni zazo. Ukube izidleke beziphezulu entabeni ngenhla kwezihlahla, lokhu bekuyozikhathaza izinyosi futhi kulimaze umkhiqizo wazo.”
“Bonke abafuyi bezinyosi bayayiqonda indima ebalulekile kanomthebe enhlalakahleni nasekukhiqizeni kwequlo lezinyosi,” kusho uJohn njengoba ngokucophelela ebamba enye yamafulemu esidleke enenyosi encane ebekela amaqanda. “Ezidlekeni ezikhiqiza amaqanda noju oluncane, unomthebe kufanele abulawe futhi kufakwe omunye. Amaqulo ezinyosi anezinyosi ezincane ezibekela amaqanda enza uju oluningi. Futhi, lapho sifuna ukwakha iqulo elisha, sithatha isidleke esikabili esiphilile esinezinyosi eziningi bese sihlukanisa ibhokisi elingaphezulu nelingaphansi. Enye ingxenye inonomthebe, ngakho kwelinye ibhokisi sifaka enye inyosi encane, esizobekela. Lapho izimbali ziqhakaza, lenyosi entsha iyobe isibekela amaqanda, igcwalise isidleke ngamaqhimiza.”
Inyosi iphila isikhathi eside kangakanani? Sitshelwa ukuthi ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwenyosi eyisisebenzi bulingana nokukhuthala kwayo. Ehlobo, lapho inyosi idla ezimbalini amahora angaba ngu-15 ngosuku futhi indiza ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-21 ngehora, iphila amasonto ayisithupha kuphela. Ebusika izinyosi azikhandleki kakhulu, njengoba zisebenza amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu kuphela ngosuku, futhi ngenxa yalokho zingase zikwazi ukuphila izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Imikhiqizo Enhlobonhlobo
Eqinisweni, into efika kuqala engqondweni lapho sikhuluma ngokufuya izinyosi uju. Lolu ketshezi olumnandi, olujiyile luwumpe oluguqulwe inyosi eyisisebenzi. Ngokwesilinganiso, isidleke singakhipha umkhiqizo wokuthengiswa ongamakhilogremu angu-29 ngonyaka. Umovu ungomunye umkhiqizo oyigugu womsebenzi wezinyosi. Ikhekheba liwusizo iminyaka engaba mihlanu kuya kweyisithupha. Ngaleso sikhathi, umbala walo usuke usumnyama ngenxa yezilokazane ezihlukahlukene ezihlala kulo futhi kufanele lishintshwe. Amakhekheba alahlwayo akhishwa umovu. Umkhiqizo ovamile wezentengiselwano ungamakhilogremu angu-9 kuya kwangu-18 omovu kulelo nalelo thani loju elithathwayo.
Impova—ewumthombo oyinhloko wamaprotheni, amavithamini, amaminerali namafutha ondla unomthebe, izisebenzi nezinyosi eziyizinduna—ituswa abanye abantu njengomuthi ongokwemvelo osebenzayo ekwelapheni ukugula okuningana. Esidlekeni kungatholakala impova engaba amakhilogremu amahlanu ngonyaka. Inhlaka iyinto izinyosi eziyisebenzisela ukuvala isidleke sazo nokubopha noma imuphi umhlaseli omkhulu ezihlulekayo ukumxosha.
Ngandlela-thile, ukutholakala kokudla esikudlayo okungaba ingxenye yesine kuxhomeke ekhonweni lenyosi lokuthuthela impova ezilimweni. Ama-apula, ama-almond, amakhabe, amapulamusi, amapheya, ukukamba namajikijolo anhlobonhlobo konke kuxhomeke ezinyosini ukuze kuthole impova. Kunjalo nangezilimo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezaqathe, u-anyanisi, ngisho nobhekilanga. Inyama nemikhiqizo yobisi nayo iyathintwa yizinyosi, ezithuthela impova otshanini i-alfalfa obuba ukudla kwemfuyo.
“Zihlakaniphile Ngokomzwelo Ongokwemvelo”
“Ngicabanga ukuthi abafuyi abaningi bezinyosi bayakholelwa kuNkulunkulu,” kusho uMaria, esikhumbuza ngokuhluleka kwethu ukuchaza ubunkimbinkimbi besimo senhlalo sezinyosi, ukwakha kwazo ubudlelwane obuhlaba umxhwele kanye namakhono azo amangalisayo okuqondisa nokukhulumisana. Abantu abaningi abafunda ngezinyosi futhi bazinakekele bangavuma ngokunganqikazi ukuthi konke lokhu kubangelwa iqiniso lokuthi izinyosi “zihlakaniphile ngokomzwelo ongokwemvelo,” futhi umzwelo onjalo zawufakwa uMdali wazo Omkhulu, uJehova uNkulunkulu.—Qhathanisa nezAga 30:24, NW.
[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 26]
Ukusuka Embalini Kuya Ekudleni Kwakho
1 Inyosi Ebuthayo Iya Embalini Ithathe Umpe
Njengoba ziya ezimbalini, izinyosi ziqongelela umpe ezikhwameni zazo zoju, ezisemphinjeni. Ukuze igcwalise lesi sikhwama, inyosi kumelwe iye embalini ngayinye izikhathi eziphakathi kwezingu-1000 nezingu-1500
2 Esidlekeni, umpe lugcinwa ekhekhebeni
Lapho ingena esidlekeni, inyosi ebuthayo ithululela ekuqukethe esikhwameni sayo soju emlonyeni wenyosi encane eyisisebenzi. Khona-ke, lenyosi eyisisebenzi ifaka lolumpe ekhekhebeni bese yenza imisebenzi edingekile ukuze iluguqule lube uju
3 Umfuyi wezinyosi ulanda uju
Esebenzisa ummese oshisayo, ususa umovu omboze amakhekheba efulemini ngayinye. Khona-ke ufaka lamafulemu emshinini odonsayo, ozosusa uju ngokuludonsa
4 Uju lufakwa ezitsheni noma lwenziwe izigaxana
Amalebula asezitsheni zoju akutshela izitshalo ebezidliwa izinyosi. Uma isitsha sibonisa ngalé, ungakwazi ukubona izinga loju ngokuhlola umbala walo
5 Uju luyilungele impilo yakho!
Umzimba ulumunca kalula uju futhi uluguqule ngokushesha lunikeze amandla. Imibiko ibonisa ukuthi lungasetshenziselwa ukugcoba amanxeba okusha nezilonda ezihlukahlukene