Ukubuka Okwezwe

“UMbhoshongo WaseBabele”

I-European Union (EU) inezilimi ezisemthethweni ezingu-11, futhi kungase kunezelwe ezinye eziyishumi kamuva, kubika iphephandaba laseParis i-International Herald Tribune. Okwamanje, i-European Commission, isigungu esiphethe i-EU, inabahumushi notolika abayinani eliphindwe kane kunabasendlunkulu yeZizwe Ezihlangene, enezilimi nje ezinhlanu ezisemthethweni. Nakuba kwenziwa imizamo yokuhlanganisa elaseYurophu nokwenza imisebenzi ye-EU ibe lula, kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho uma kuziwa ezilimini. Izwe ngalinye eliyilungu livikela ulimi lwalo. Leli phephandaba lithi: “Kwakheka uMbhoshongo WaseBabele.” Lesi sigungu sibhekene futhi nenkinga ye-“Eurospeak”—ulimi olusetshenziswa ngaphakathi olugcwele amagama obuchwepheshe futhi okunzima ukuwaqonda. Ngokomhumushi othile, ukwenza osombangazwe bakhulume bacace kuyinselele uma “ngokuvamile inhloso yabo iwukuba bangacaci ukuthi bathini.”

Izilwane Ezifuywayo—Ingabe Ziyilungele Impilo Yakho?

“Ukuthanda izilwane kungasiza umuntu ukuba angayi njalo kudokotela,” kusho i-Toronto Star. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene luye lwabonisa ukuthi “izilwane ezingabangane zinciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukugqigqa kudokotela futhi zithuthukisa amathuba okusinda ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Isilwane singase sisize abafe uhlangothi bavuseleleke amandla nabagula ngengqondo banciphise ukukhathazeka.” UDkt. Alan Beck, wePurdue University School of Veterinary Medicine e-Indiana, e-U.S.A., ukholelwa ukuthi “izilwane zenza abantu bakhululeke. Ziyakuthanda ukunaka abantu, ziyathanda ukubathintathinta.” Lokhu kungenzeka ngisho noma isilwane kungesona esasekhaya, futhi lokhu kuye kwaholela ekusungulweni “kokwelapha ngosizo lwezilwane.” Ngakho, ezinye izisebenzi zezempilo yengqondo ziye zakhuthaza iziguli eziphazamisekile engqondweni ukuba zichithe isikhathi esithile nesilwane esifuyiwe, okuye kwaba nemiphumela emihle.

Imithombo Yamanzi Enciphayo

“Manje sisele namanzi angaphansi kwengxenye ngomuntu ngamunye kunaseminyakeni engu-50 edlule,” kusho i-UNESCO Courier. Futhi kulindeleke ukuba imithombo yembulunga yonke iqhubeke incipha. Lokhu kwehla okukhulu kubonisa isidingo esandayo samanzi aphuzwayo ngenxa yokwanda kwenani labantu, izidingo zezolimo nezimboni. Ososayensi abahlukanisa imbulunga yonke ngokwezindawo ezintula amanzi bathi ezinye izindawo “zisesimweni esiyinhlekelele.” Ngokwe-Courier, lokhu kusho ukuthi imithombo ekhona “ayinakukwazi ukusekela umphakathi uma kungavela inhlekelele enjengesomiso.” Iyanezela: “Eminyakeni nje engu-50 edlule, alikho nelilodwa izwe emhlabeni elalintula amanzi ngendlela eyinhlekelele. Namuhla, abantu abangaba amaphesenti angu-35 baphila ngaphansi kwalezo zimo.”

Ukuzenza Isinxibi

Nakuba izinxibi eziningi ziswele ngempela, umbiko kamagazini i-Week, onyatheliswa eNdiya, ubonisa ukuthi ezinye zimane nje ziyazenzisa. Esifundazweni saseNdiya saseMaharashtra, isinxibi esasidondolozela sasondela emotweni eyayimi erobhothini. Umshayeli wale moto wavele wangasinaka lesi sinxibi waqhubeka exoxa nentombi yakhe. Ngakho-ke, lesi sinxibi saqala ukuncenga sikhuluma ngezwi eliphakeme. Umshayeli wavula ifasitela wasisunduza, kwachitheka uhlweza olwalusendishini yaso. Lesi sinxibi “esixhwalile” salulama futhi saqala ukushaya ifasitela langaphambili lemoto ngezindondolo zaso. I-Week ithi “iqembu labangane baso ‘abayizimpumputhe,’ ‘abagogekile’ kanye ‘nezinyonga’ elalinxiba kwezinye izimoto leza lizosiza,” lajikijela amatshe, izinduku nezindondolo futhi ekugcineni lahudula le nsizwa layikhipha emotweni. Lezi zinxibi zashaya zachitha lapho kuqhamuka amaphoyisa ngokungazelelwe.

Ukuxhashazwa Kwezingane Emhlabeni Wonke

I-World Health Organization (WHO), eGeneva, eSwitzerland, ilinganisela ukuthi kunezingane eziyizigidi ezingu-40 emhlabeni wonke ezixhashazwayo. Njengoba kwabikwa kuyi-New York Times, ukuhlola okwenziwa emazweni angu-19 kwezingane ezineminyaka efinyelela kwengu-14 ubudala kwabonisa ukuthi abafana abangamaphesenti angu-29 namantombazane angamaphesenti angu-34 ahlolwa ayeyizisulu zokuxhashazwa ngokobulili. I-WHO ithi e-United States kuphela, kulimala izingane ezingaba yizigidi ezimbili ngenxa yokuxhashazwa unyaka ngamunye.

Umsebenzi Oyisidina Awunampilo

Ukuhlolwa kwezisebenzi ezingu-50 000 eJalimane kwembula ukuthi lezo ezingenawo umsebenzi owanele zisengozini enkulu ngokwempilo kunalezo ezimatasa. Iphephandaba i-Augsburger Allgemeine liyaphawula: “Abaqashwa abenza umsebenzi ophindaphindwayo nabangazimele emsebenzini bagula ngokuphindwe kabili kunabantu abenza imisebenzi enzima.” Asikho esinye isici esihlobene nomsebenzi esinethonya elingaka ekuphutheni njalo emsebenzini njengomsebenzi owubala. Ngokwalo mbiko, labo abanemisebenzi engeyona inselele ngokuvamile bahlushwa “umfutho ophakeme wegazi, ubuhlungu besisu namathumbu kanye nobuhlungu beqolo namalunga.”

Ubuchopho Nokulala Kwezinyoni

Umbiko we-Toronto Star uphawula ukuthi sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi bazi ukuthi izinyoni zilokhu zibheka ngeso elilodwa lapho zilele, okuzivikela kubahlaseli. Ucwaningo olusha lubonisa ukuthi izinyoni zinganquma ukuthi bonke ubuchopho buyalala yini noma zigcine ingxenye yabo iphapheme ukuze iqondise iso eligadile. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngamadada asendle ayelala ewuhide lwathola ukuthi lawo ayesekugcineni kwalolu hide ayechitha ingxenye yesithathu yesikhathi sawo sokulala enengxenye yobuchopho ephapheme. Lawo amaphakathi kulolu hide ayephaphama isikhathi nje esingamaphesenti angu-12. UProfesa Niels Rattenborg wase-Indiana State University uthi kubonakala sengathi “lapho isimo siyingozi, kulala ingxenye kuphela yobuchopho kulezi zinyoni.”

Akuzuzisi Neze

I-University of California Berkeley Wellness Letter iyabika: “Ukubhema akuyinciphisi imizimba yabantu. Ikakhulukazi abesifazane abaningi abasebasha baqala ukubhema bekholelwa ukuthi kuyobasiza bahlale bebancane ngomzimba.” Kodwa ukuhlolwa kwabantu abadala abangu-4 000 abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-18 nengu-30 kwabonisa ukuthi “ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa, ngokuvamile bayakhuluphala (cishe ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kwesigamu sekhilogremu unyaka ngamunye), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayabhema yini noma cha.” Lesi sihloko siyaphetha: “Ukuhlala umncane ngomzimba akuyona inzuzo yokubhema. Akunazinzuzo.”

Amabhayisekili Amabunzi

Umagazini i-New Scientist ubika ukuthi inkampani ethile yaseHong Kong ethengisa izilwane ezifuywayo iklame “ibhayisekili lezilwane ezifuywayo.” Isondo langaphambili laleli thoyizi lenziwe lafana nesondo lokuqeqesha ibunzi, futhi lapho lesi silwane sigijima ngaphakathi kwalo, ibhayisekili liyahamba. Nokho, uma umnikazi esaba ukuthi isilwane sakhe singase silimale, angafaka igiya eliphakamisa isondo langaphambili laleli bhayisekili ukuze lingathinti phansi. Kanjalo, isilwane singazivivinya ngendlela ephephile ngaphandle kokuba ibhayisekili lihambe.

Ukudambisa Ubuhlungu Beqolo Kubagibeli

Kubantu abanenkinga yeqolo, ukugibela izinto zokuhamba kungaba nzima. Nokho, i-Toronto Star yanikeza amacebiso alandelayo awusizo. Lapho uhamba ngezinyawo, “gqoka izicathulo ezifanele. Amaxhumela akhandla umzimba wakho, okwenza umgogodla usindwe kakhulu. . . . Uma uhamba ngemoto, yima ngemva kwebanga elithile ukuze ulule amadolo. . . . Thola umcamelo wokusekela iqolo” ongawubeka esihlalweni. Futhi, shintshashintsha indlela ohlala ngayo. I-Star siphawula ukuthi ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuthwala imithwalo bungadambiswa ngoba “sekulula manje ukuthola amapotimende anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene umuntu angawadonsa ngamasondo kunokuba awafukule. Qikelela ukuthi elakho linesibambo eside ngokwanele ukuze ulidonse kahle; akulisizi ngalutho iqolo uma ugwema ukuthwala umthwalo kodwa bese uhamba ugobile lapho uwudonsa.”

Ukukhipha Isibhongo

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-catharsis, “ukukhiphela isibhongo ezintweni ezingaphili—ngokwesibonelo, ngokushaya umcamelo noma isaka lokuqeqeshela isibhakela—kwandisa ulaka kunokuba kulunciphise,” kubika i-National Post yaseCanada. UDkt. Brad J. Bushman, oyiphini likaprofesa wezokusebenza kwengqondo e-Iowa State University, waphawula: “I-catharsis iye yasekelwa kakhulu emithonjeni yezindaba kunasezincwadini zokucwaninga.” I-Post iphawula ukuthi abacwaningi bathola nokuthi “izincwadi nezihloko ezikhuthaza i-‘catharsis’ njengendlela enhle yokukhipha isibhongo eqinisweni zingase zikhuthaze ulaka ngokunikeza abantu imvume yokuba bangazithibi.”