Ukubuka Okwezwe
Ubugebengu Bezomnotho Buyanda EYurophu
“Ubugebengu bezomnotho buye baba bubi kakhulu kusukela ngo-1998,” ngokombiko owamukelwa izikhulu zomthetho ze-Council of Europe. Buyini ubugebengu bezomnotho? Umbiko we-Committee on Economic Affairs and Development ubala “ukuhweba ngabantu, ukushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa nezinye izinto ezingekho emthethweni, ukwenza izinto zomgunyathi, ubugebengu obenziwa emvelweni, ubugebengu kuma-computer, ukukhwabanisa intela, ukusebenzisa imali etholakale ngokungemthetho, ukonakala nokuhweba ngethonya.” Uphawula ukuthi ubugebengu balolu hlobo buya buhlobana kakhulu nezombangazwe, lo mbiko uyaxwayisa: “Isifiso saseYurophu sokumelana nabo singase sinciphe futhi impi yehlulwe.” Umlobi walo mbiko, uVera Squarcialupi wase-Italy, wathi: “Ingalo yomthetho, engumgogodla womphakathi ophucukile, iyona eyothinteka kabi kuqala.”
Ukusinda Ezingozini Zezindiza
“Abagibeli abangaphezu kuka-95% bayasinda ezingozini zezindiza ezithwala abagibeli,” kusho iphephandaba laseCanada i-National Post. Ngokwe-Post, ucwaningo lwe-U.S. National Transportation Safety Board lwathola ukuthi abaningi babagibeli bayasinda ngisho “nasezingozini ezimbi” eziphahlaza indiza. U-Art LaFlamme, umqondisi-jikelele wezindiza zikahulumeni woMnyango Wezokuthutha WaseCanada, uyachaza: “Izingozi eziningi ezenzekayo zenzeka lapho indiza isuka noma ihlala. Azibi undabuzekwayo, futhi kweziningi zalezi zingozi abagibeli bayasinda. Yingakho sigcizelela kakhulu ukutshela abagibeli ngokuphepha.” Abagibeli abahamba njalo bavame ukungazinaki iziqondiso zokuphepha. Kodwa njengoba omunye umkhulumeli wenkampani yezindiza akubeka, “kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu balalele. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, ukuphila kwabo kuyoxhomeka kukho.”
“Ukucindezelwa Ubuchwepheshe”
“Ukucindezelwa ubuchwepheshe”—ukukhungatheka ngenxa yethonya lokuba usebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusha—kuthiwa kuyanda, kubika umagazini waseCanada i-Maclean’s. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi izimbangela ziyashiyana kusukela “enqubweni engapheli yokufunda ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha kuya ekuhlulekeni ukwenza umehluko phakathi kokuphila kwasemsebenzini nokwasekhaya ngenxa yezinto zentuthuko ezingenje-e-mail, ukudlulisela izingcingo kwenye inombolo nomakhalekhukhwini.” Ungabhekana kanjani nalokhu? Ochwepheshe batusa ukubeka imingcele. Nquma ukuthi ukusebenzisa umshini othile kuzokwenza ukuphila kube lula yini noma kuzokwenza kube yinkimbinkimbi. Lindela ukuthi kuzodingeka uchithe isikhathi ufunda ubuchwepheshe obusha ngokwanele ukuze bukuzuzise ngokugcwele. “Beka isikhathi usuku ngalunye sokucisha umshini,” futhi usebenzise isikhathi kwezinye izinto ezibalulekile. “Abantu baqala usuku ngokwenza iphutha elikhulu lokuvula i-e-mail, esikhundleni sokusebenza ngohlelo,” kuphawula uchwepheshe wezomkhiqizo eVancouver uDan Stamp. “Ihora nengxenye elibalulekile osukwini lichithwa ezintweni ezingelutho.”
Izingane Zibhala Izincwadi Zazo
Emzamweni wokuthuthukisa ukufunda, izingane zesikole eZambia zikhuthazwa ukuba zibhale izincwadi zazo ezimfushane ezinemifanekiso, kubika i-Zambia Daily Mail. “Imitapo yezincwadi eminingi ezikoleni inezincwadi ezikhuluma ngezinto noma izimo izingane zaseZambia ezingazazi nhlobo,” kusho umbiko kahulumeni. “Inzuzo yokuba izingane zizibhalele izincwadi ukuthi lezo zincwadi zisezingeni lazo futhi zinezinto ezizithakazelisayo.” Ezinye zezindaba zingase zibe yingxenye yemitapo yezincwadi yesikole noma yekilasi, zifundwe emsakazweni noma zinyatheliswe. I-Daily Mail iyaphawula: “Lena indlela eshibhile yokwenza izincwadi zokufunda ngoba idinga nje iphepha nepeni kuphela. Futhi iyindlela yokusebenzisa lokho okutholakala ngobuningi (izingane) ukuze kukhiqizwe lokho okuyindlala nokubizayo (izincwadi).”
Umuthi Kamalaleveva Awusasebenzi
‘I-Chloroquine, umuthi ovame ukunikezwa kakhulu abaphethwe umalaleveva eZambia, ngeke usanikezwa abantu ezindaweni zemithi zikahulumeni njengekhambi eliphambili lokwelapha lesi sifo’ futhi uyothathelwa indawo umuthi onamandla kakhulu, kubika i-Times of Zambia. Ukuyekwa kwawo kuvele ngemva kokuba ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi “ukumelana ne-Chloroquine kubulala izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu ezingu-12 000 kwezingu-25 000 eZambia ngenxa kamalaleveva unyaka ngamunye.” Lolu shintsho luye lwafakwa nasemazweni amaningi asempumalanga naseningizimu ye-Afrika. “Nakuba i-Chloroquine iye yaphumelela kahle ezweni iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, ayisasebenzi ekwelapheni umalaleveva, osalokhu ungumbulali ohamba phambili kuleli zwe,” kusho i-Times.
Utshwala Nokugibela Ibhayisikili Akuhlangani
Ukugibela ibhayisikili ngemva kokuphuza utshwala kungase kube yingozi njengokushayela imoto ngemva kokuphuza, kubika umagazini i-New Scientist. “Ukugibela ibhayisikili kudinga izinga eliphakeme lekhono lengqondo nokusebenzelana komzimba kunokushayela imoto, ngakho utshwala bunethonya elinamandla nakakhulu,” kusho uGuohua Li weJohns Hopkins University eMaryland, e-U.S.A. ULi nozakwabo bahlola abagibeli bamabhayisikili abangu-466 futhi bathola ukuthi labo ababephuze kane noma kahlanu babenamathuba angu-20 okulimala kabi noma okufa. Ngisho nokuphuza kanye nje kwenza ukugibela ibhayisikili kube yingozi ngokuphindwe kasithupha. I-New Scientist ithi: “Okwenza izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu ukuthi lapho umgibeli esephuze ngokweqile, akasigqoki isigqoko sokuzivikela.”
Iphepha Elenziwe Ngezitshalo Zikabhanana
Ngemva kokuba ubhanana usuvuniwe, ngokuvamile iziqu zishiywa phansi zibe umanyolo. Nokho, iphephandaba laseJapane i-Asahi Shimbun libika ukuthi uProfesa Hiroshi Morishima waseNagoya City University uye waphumelela ekwenzeni iphepha ngeziqu zikabhanana. Imicu yalezi zitshalo “mide futhi iqinile futhi izinga layo liyefana nelemicu ye-Manila hemp okwenziwa ngayo iphepha.” Iphepha leziqu zikabhanana eligaywe ngomshini liyefana nephepha elivamile lokunyathelisa, futhi liqinile kunephepha eligaywe ngelinye. “Ubhanana ukhiqizwa emazweni angu-123 emhlabeni wonke futhi kukhiqizwa amathani angu-58 000 000 ngonyaka, okwenza kube umthombo othembisayo,” kusho leli phephandaba.
Amandla Oju Okwelapha
Ngaphandle kokuthi lumnandi, uju sekuyisikhathi eside lwaziwa ngamandla alo okwelapha. Ngokwephephandaba i-Australian, iqembu labacwaningi basemayunivesithi aseQueensland naseSydney liye labonisa ukuthi kungani uju lungumbulali wamagciwane onamandla. Uma uju luhlanganiswa namanzi bese lugcotshwa emanxebeni nasezilondeni zokusha, i-enzyme esojwini ixubana noshukela bese ikhiqiza i-hydrogen peroxide, eyaziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kuyi-bleach. Le khemikhali ayibulali amagciwane anjenge-Staphylococcus aureus kuphela kodwa futhi isiza izicubu ukuba zizivuselele.
Ukuphela Kwesipikili
“Sesiphelile isikhathi sesipikili esivamile,” kusho i-Toronto Star. Leli phephandaba libika ukuthi imakethe yezipikili ezivamile “iye yehla cishe ngesigamu eminyakeni embalwa edlule.” Ukwenziwa kwezipikili ezisebenza ngomfutho womoya, noma ama-nail gun, kuye kwanciphisa isidingo sezipikili ezivamile eNyakatho Melika. Izitolo ezithengisa izinto zokwakha e-United States zibika ukuthi abakhi abangochwepheshe abasazithengi izipikili ezivamile, kunalokho bakhetha ukusebenzisa ama-nail gun, aseya eba lula. Kungani abakhiqizi bezipikili ezivamile bengashintsheli ekwenzeni izipikili ezisebenza ngomfutho womoya? “Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo esenza ukuba izinkampani zikajantshi zingashintsheli ebhizinisini lezindiza,” kuphendula i-Star. “Kuwumkhiqizo ohluke ngokuphelele.”
Imfundo Ngokuhlonipha
Kule minyaka engu-8 edlule, i-Massachusetts Institute of Technology iye yanikeza izifundo zamahhala zokufundisa bonke abafundi ngokuhlonipha. Ngani? UTravis Merritt, owayengumphathi wezindaba zabangakaphothuli, uchaza abafundi “njengabangenaso isitayela, ababekelwe inselele kwezemfashini nabangenayo inhlonipho,” kubika umagazini i-New Scientist. Uhlelo lwezifundo zosuku olulodwa luhlanganisa ukufundisa ngemikhuba yasetafuleni, yokugqoka, yasebhizinisini, yokusebenzisa umakhalekhukhwini nezindlela zokujwayelana nabanye. Abafundi bafundiswa izinto ezinjengokuthi kufanele bahambe kanjani futhi bathimule kanjani ngesizotha, futhi bakhunjuzwa nokuthi “ukuncokola kuyinkulumo-mpendulwano, hhayi ukuhlonywa imibuzo.” Omunye umfundisi, uRoseanne Thomas, ugcizelela isidingo sokuthi “ngiyabonga” uma unconywa. “Lawa amakhono ayisisekelo adingeka noma yikuphi ekuphileni,” kusho uThomas. “Ngicabanga ukuthi kuyabethusa abantu ukuqaphela ukuthi amakhono okusebenzelana nabanye abaluleke kangaka ukuze uphumelele.”