Amahlathi Emvula—Ubani Oyowavikela?
NOMA ubani ofuna ukuxazulula izinkinga ezikhathaza amahlathi emvula kumelwe aqale ngokuxazulula izimbangela zazo. Ziphi? Inkinga ayikona nje ukwanda kwabantu ngokweqile. Izindawo ezivundile zomhlaba zingakwazi ukondla abantu abasemhlabeni—ngisho nenani elingaphezu kwelikhona manje.
Eqinisweni, ohulumeni kwamanye amazwe bakhathazekile ngokukhiqiza kwamapulazi ngokweqile, okubangela ukuba amanani entengo yokudla ehle. Abanye ohulumeni bakhuthaza abalimi ukuba baguqule izindawo zabo zibe ezokuzijabulisa, njengamakamu, izindawo zokudlala igalofu noma iziqiwu.
Pho-ke, kungani amahlathi omhlaba encipha? Kumelwe sibheke izimbangela ezijule kakhulu kunalezo esesizicabangele kuze kube manje.
Imbangela Eyinhloko Yokuqothulwa Kwamahlathi
Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokwanda ngokweqile kwabantu okukhona manje, ohulumeni abaningi báphundla amahlathi befuna igunya lokubusa nengcebo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho uMbuso WaseBrithani ufuna izingodo zokwakha imikhumbi, wabhubhisa amahlathi e-oki aseBrithani kanye namahlathi omkhangala aseBurma naseThailand. Wona lo mbuso waqothula amahlathi aseNdiya ukuze uthole izindlela zokubasela izimboni zensimbi. Amanye amahlathi aqothulwa ukuze kutholwe injoloba, ikhofi namasimu kakhokho.
Nokho, ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, imishini yokusaha nogandaganda bavula indlela yokuqothula amahlathi ngisho nakakhulu. Amahlathi amaningi antekenteke aqothulwa kufunwa umnotho wawo.
Izinkampani ezinkulu zathenga izindawo ezinkulu ezivundile zasebenzisa nemishini ukuze zivune izilimo ezingenisa imali. Njengoba base beswele umsebenzi, abantu abayizinkulungwane basemaphandleni bathuthela emadolobheni. Nokho, abanye bakhuthazwa ukuba bathuthele emahlathini emvula. Ngezinye izikhathi indawo enjalo kwakuthiwa “yizwe elingenamuntu lokuhlalisa abantu abangenandawo.” Ngesikhathi abantu beqaphela ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukulima ezindaweni ezinjalo, kwase kwephuzile—kwase kunyamalele ingxenye enkulu yamahlathi.
Ukukhohlakala kweziphathimandla nako kuye kwabangela ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi amaningi. Imvume yokugawula manje ibiza imali eshisiwe. Uma zifunjathiswa, ezinye iziphathimandla ezingathembekile ziye zaziwa ngokunikeza izinkampani eziceka imithi imvume yesikhashana ngaphandle kokukhathalela ukulondoloza imvelo.
Nokho, usongo olukhulu ezilwaneni zasemahlathini alukona ukugawulwa kwemithi, kodwa ukushintshwa kwamahlathi abe yindawo yokulima. Uma indawo ivundile, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuthethelelwe ukwenza lolo shintsho. Kodwa ngokuvamile, iziphathimandla ezikhohlakele noma ezingenalwazi ziye zadedela ngokungadingekile amahlathi angenakuphinde avuseleleke.
Izigebengu nazo zicekela phansi amahlathi. Abagawuli abangekho emthethweni bagawula ngasese imithi abafuna ukuyisebenzisa, ngisho naleyo esezindaweni zikahulumeni zokulondoloza imvelo. Ngezinye izikhathi bagawula izingodo bazenze amapulangwe khona kanye ehlathini—okuwumkhuba osaphazayo nongqubuzana nomthetho. Kukhokhelwa abantu bendawo ukuba bathwale lezi zingodo ngamabhayisikili noma ngisho nangomhlane. Khona-ke, ukuze angabanjwa, amaloli athutha izingodo ngemigwaqo ethule esezintabeni lapho sekuhlwile.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi nokufa kwezilwane zasendle akuwona umphumela ongenakugwenywa wokwanda kwabantu endaweni. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuphatha okubi, ezentengiselwano ezihahayo, ubugebengu kanye nohulumeni okhohlakele. Khona-ke, kunaliphi ithemba lokulondoloza izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokuphila okutholakala emahlathini emvula?
Kunaliphi Ithemba Ngamahlathi Emvula?
Incwadi ethi The Cutting Edge: Conserving Wildlife in Logged Tropical Forest ithi: “Yingxenyana encane nje kuphela yamahlathi emvula emhlabeni enakekelwe kahle.” Iyanezela: “Njengamanje, ambalwa (uma ekhona) amahlathi anakekelwe kahle ngendlela engadali monakalo kuwo.” Ngokuqinisekile, indawo inganakekelwa kahle, kodwa esikubonayo emhlabeni wonke ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi okusheshayo.
Kuthiwa izwe elihluke ngendlela ephawulekayo kulesi simo elaseBolivia, elinamahlathi emvula angamaphesenti angu-25 okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi anakekelwa ngendlela enciphisa umonakalo. Nokho, emhlabeni wonke isilinganiso singase sibe ngaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa—okuyingcosana edumazayo ngempela. Amahlathi amaningi emvula abhujiswa ngonya. Ubugovu nokuhaha yikona okubangela ukucekelwa phansi okunjalo. Kunengqondo kangakanani ukuthemba ukuthi abahwebi bomhlaba nosombangazwe bayonqanda isimo futhi baqale ukuvikela ifa lesintu elingenakuphinde litholakale?
Incwadi ethi Forests of Hope iphetha ngalo mgomo isintu okufanele sibe nawo: “Ukufuna nokuphishekela indlela yokuphila efanele bonke abantu emhlabeni wonke, engawucekeli phansi umhlaba nemithombo yawo.” Muhle lowo mgomo—kodwa ungafinyelelwa?
UMdali wethu wayehloseni ngomhlaba nangesintu? Wayala umbhangqwana wokuqala ongabantu: “Nigcwalise umhlaba niwunqobe, nithotshelwe yizinhlanzi zolwandle nezidalwa ezindizayo zamazulu nazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ezihamba phezu komhlaba.” (Genesise 1:28) Ngakho uNkulunkulu uyasivumela isintu ukuba sisebenzise indalo. Kodwa ‘ukuthotshelwa’ akuyona imvume yokucekela phansi.
Ngakho-ke, umbuzo uwukuthi, Ingabe isintu singayishintsha indlela yaso yokuphila, embulungeni yonke, ‘singawucekeli phansi umhlaba nemithombo yawo’? Lawo mazwi abonisa ukuthi kudingeka izinga elithile lokuthanda umakhelwane nokuhlonipha indalo kaNkulunkulu, okuyivelakancane ezweni lanamuhla. Ukuthemba ukuthi abaholi besintu bazokwamukela futhi bakhuthaze leyo ndlela yokuphila kuwukuzishaya ngemfe iphindiwe.
Noma kunjalo, iZwi likaNkulunkulu lisitshela ngesikhathi lapho umhlaba uyogcwala khona abantu abathanda omakhelwane noMdali wabo. IBhayibheli lithi: “Ngeke neze [balimaze] noma [babangele] incithakalo kuyo yonke intaba yami engcwele; ngoba umhlaba ngokuqinisekile uyogcwala ulwazi ngoJehova njengoba nje amanzi esibekela ulwandle.” (Isaya 11:9; IHubo 37:29; Mathewu 5:5) Phawula ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi bayamazi futhi bayamthanda uJehova, uMdali Omkhulu, okwenza abantu bakaNkulunkulu bagweme ‘ukulimaza’ noma ukubangela “incithakalo.” Akungabazeki ukuthi abantu abanjalo bebeyokugwema ukonakalisa umhlaba.
Leli akulona nje iphupho. Ngisho namanje, uJehova ubutha abantu abaqotho futhi uyabafundisa. Ngokutadisha iZwi likaNkulunkulu, izigidi emhlabeni wonke ziye zafunda indlela yokuphila esekelwe ekuthandeni abanye ngokuzidela. (Johane 13:34; 1 Johane 4:21) Lo magazini, kanye nomngane wawo INqabayokulinda, unyatheliselwa ukusiza abantu bafunde okwengeziwe ngaleyo ndlela yokuphila nokuthi bangayilandela kanjani. Sikumema ukuba uqhubeke ufunda. Akukho lwazi olungavuza ngaphezu kwalolu.
[Izithombe ekhasini 26]
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