Ukuvakashela Isikhungo Sezitho Zokwenziwa — Watchtower UMTAPO OKUYI-INTHANETHI

Ukuvakashela Isikhungo Sezitho Zokwenziwa

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! ENEW ZEALAND

NGANGINESIZATHU esikabili sokuya eSikhungweni Sezitho Zokwenziwa eWellington, eNew Zealand. Okokuqala nje, umlenze wami wokufakelwa wawudinga ukulungiswa. Okwesibili, ngangifuna ukuboniswa lesi sikhungo ukuze ngazi okwengeziwe ngalokho okuhilelekile ekwenzeni lezi zitho.

Udokotela wami wezitho zokwenziwa wasivuma ngomusa isicelo sami sokuboniswa isakhiwo. Kwaba isenzakalo esithakazelisayo, esangenza ngabuqonda kangcono ubunyoninco nemizamo yokuzinikela yalabo abanengxenye emkhakheni wezitho zokwenziwa.

Igama elithi “prosthesis” libhekisela esithweni sokufakelwa esithatha indawo yesitho somuntu esingekho. Umkhakha wama-prosthetic “uphathelene nolwazi lokufakelwa kwezitho.” Udokotela wezitho zokwenziwa “umuntu onolwazi ngalezi zitho futhi uyena ozifakelayo.”—I-Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Third Edition.

Wenziwa Kanjani Umlenze Wokufakelwa?

Iningi leziguli eziza kulesi sikhungo lisuke lizofakelwa umlenze. Isinyathelo sokuqala lapho wenziwa kufakwa into okuzongena kuyo isinqamu somlenze esesipholile. Kube sekwenziwa ifoloma likasimende, okubunjwa ngalo isitho esifana nse nesinqamu somlenze. Leli foloma libe selisetshenziselwa ukwakha ilunga okuzoxhunywa kulo isitho esisha. Iqala kanjalo-ke inqubo yokuthola umlenze omusha osebenza ngokugcwele ozothatha indawo yomlenze onqamukile. Indlela entsha futhi ephumelela kangcono yokuthatha izilinganiso iwukusebenzisa i-CAD/CAM ukuze kulinganiswe isinqamu somlenze. Umshini ube sewenza isitho esifana ncamashi nesinqamu somlenze.

Ngemva kokuboniswa ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kulesi sikhungo, ngaboniswa izitho ezase zenziwe, nezingxenye zokwakha imilenze ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Isibonelo esangihlaba umxhwele kwaba ilunga ledolo elisebenza ngama-hydraulic elixhunywe elungeni lepulasitiki elishiswayo bese lilolongwa livunyelaniswe nesiguli. Kunezincwadi ezinemifanekiso enemininingwane yezitho ezinjalo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke.

Uma usuzoqedwa umlenze wokwenziwa, kulungiswa kahle ukuze kuqondaniswe ilunga, idolo, izingxenye zonyawo kululwe nesikhumba ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi umuntu uhamba ngendlela evamile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ekugcineni, kwenziwa isembozo esisanjoloba. Kwembozwa ngaso “amathambo” esitho sokwenziwa. Umbala wesitho wenziwa ufane ngangokunokwenzeka nowesinqamu esisele esingokwemvelo.

Lapho isiguli sesizethemba ngokwezinga elithile, kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba sibonane nodokotela wamathambo oye avakashele isikhungo sezitho zokwenziwa. Ngakho kwenziwa ukuhlola kokugcina ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi isitho esisha esifakiwe sisebenza kahle.

Iziguli Ezisencane Nabadlali

Njengoba ngangiqhubeka nokubuka le ndawo, nganaka kakhulu intombazanyana ethile. Yayingesabi ukusibonisa isinqamu somlenze wayo kanye nomlenze wokufakelwa. Kamuva, ngayibona igxumagxuma futhi uzibonela ukuthi ayinayo nencane inkinga.

Nganginesithakazelo kulokho udokotela wami ayezokusho ngabantwana abanezitho zomzimba ezinqamukile. Wangibonisa isandla esincane wabe esechaza ukuthi lezi zitho zifakwa ngisho nakubantwana abanezinyanga eziyisithupha nje kuphela. Kungani? Kwenzelwa ukuba ziqeqeshwe ukuze zikwazi ukusebenzisa isandla noma ingalo yokufakwela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Wathi ngaphandle kwalokhu kuqeqeshwa, ingane ingakhula ijwayele ukusebenzisa ingalo eyodwa futhi ikuthole kunzima ukufunda ukuzisebenzisa zombili lapho iqhubeka ikhula.

Ngatshelwa ukuthi muva nje inkampani ethile yaseYurophu ithumele izingxenye zezinto zokwakha izitho zokwenziwa zabadlali eSydney, e-Australia ukuze zisetshenziswe emidlalweni yama-Paralympic. Zanikezwa abadlali mahhala, futhi kwakukhona odokotela bezitho zokwenziwa, kuhlanganise nabathile ababevela eNew Zealand, bezosiza abadlali phakathi naleyo midlalo.

Ezinye izitho zokwenziwa zazenzelwe abadlali ngokukhethekile. Ngaboniswa isibonelo esisodwa. Kwakuwunyawo neqakala okwakhiwe ngokuthile okukhethekile okwenza unyawo lunyakaze ngendlela efuze eyemvelo.

Intuthuko Yamuva

Liphetheni ikusasa emkhakheni wezitho zokwenziwa? Udokotela wangitshela ukuthi kunomlenze wokufakelwa osebenza nge-computer njengamanje osetshenziswa okungenani umuntu oyedwa eNew Zealand. Kuthiwa usebenza ngemishini eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kuwo ethungatha izinzwa. Umphumela uwukuhamba ngendlela engokwemvelo.

Kwamanye amazwe odokotela abangochwepheshe bamathambo basahlola ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa isitho sokwenziwa nethambo (osteointegration). Uphini okhethekile, ofakwa esinqanyini sesitho esinqunyiwe, wenza ihhuku okungaxhunywa kulo isitho sokwenziwa. Lokhu kwenza singabikho isidingo sefoloma likasimende namalunga.

Kusenziwa nocwaningo ukuze kuxhunywe ama-receptor nezinzwa zomzimba, okuyokwenza umuntu akwazi ukunyakazisa isitho sokwenziwa ngengqondo nje kuphela. E-United States nakwamanye amazwe, idlanzana labantu liye lafakelwa izandla zabanye abantu, kodwa le ndlela iseyimpikiswano futhi kudingeka ukuba labo abafakelwa lezi zandla baphuze imithi ukuphila kwabo konke esiza imizimba yabo ukuba ingaxabani nalezi zitho.

Emkhakheni wezingalo zokwenziwa, manje kusetshenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi i-myoelectronics. Ama-electrode athungatha izinzwa zemisipha yengalo, ngokuvamile ezisuke zisekhona esinqanyini esisele. Amabhethri abe eseshukumisa lezi zinzwa ezilawula imishini ekulesi sitho. Ubuchwepheshe bamuva bezitho zokwenziwa zezingalo busebenzisa ama-computer ukuze kuvunyelaniswe ingalo nomuntu oyisebenzisayo.

Njengoba ngangimangazwe yintuthuko yobuchwepheshe bokwakhiwa kwezitho zokwenziwa, ngabuza udokotela ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi lezi zitho zokwenziwa zisebenza kanjani uma ziqhathaniswa nezemvelo. Njengoba ubungase ulindele, wavuma ngokungananazi ukuthi ezemvelo zingcono kakhulu. Lokhu kwangenza ngacabanga ngamazwi omhubi, lapho ethandaza kuMdali wakhe, ethi: “Ngizokudumisa ngoba ngenziwe ngokumangalisayo ngendlela eyesabekayo.”—IHubo 139:14.

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(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

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Izandla ezisebenza nge-“myoelectronic” zisebenzisa ukunyakaza kwemisipha ukuze zilawule ukushesha kwesitho namandla aso okubamba

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Hands: © Otto Bock HealthCare

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Phakathi kuleli dolo elenziwe ngobuchwe-pheshe, kunama-“chip” namandla kazibuthe asiza idolo ukuba lisebenze ngendlela elungele olifakile

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Knee: Photo courtesy of Ossur

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Lesi sithombe esibonisa ingaphakathi lonyawo sibonisa isembozo esisanjoloba kanye neqakala

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Ukulungisa umlenze wokufakelwa

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Udokotela efaka isiguli isitho sokwenziwa

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Isithombe sesandla sokwenziwa esincane esisetshenziselwa ukuqeqesha abantwana abanqunywe izitho

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Ngo-2004 owaphuma phambili emjahweni wamamitha ayikhulu kuma-Paralympic waqeda leli banga ngemizuzwana engu-10,97 egijima ngonyawo lwe-“carbon fiber”

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Photo courtesy of Ossur/Photographer: David Biene

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