Lapho Izinyoni Zishayeka Ezakhiweni

NAKUBA kwakusemini, isiqophamithi saqonda ngqo esakhiweni esikhoth’ amafu maqede sayoshayeka phansi. Le nyoni ayilibonanga ifasitela. Umuntu owayehamba ngezinyawo wathola le nyoni edidekile wayinakekela, enethemba lokuthi izovuka. Ngokushesha isifiso sakhe safezeka lapho le nyoni itshiyoza, isukuma, izithintitha maqede yandiza.a

Ngokudabukisayo, akuzona zonke izinyoni ezisindayo ngemva kokushayeka ngale ndlela. Empeleni, kulezo ezizishaya ezindlini, ezingaba isigamu ziyafa. I-Audubon Society ithi ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi e-United States kuphela, izinyoni ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu ziyafa minyaka yonke ngemva kokushayeka ezakhiweni ezihlukahlukene. Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sibalo cishe siyizigidi eziyinkulungwane! Kodwa kungani lezi zinyoni zishayeka ezakhiweni? Kukhona yini okungenziwa ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphila kwazo?

Ababulali—Amafasitela Nokukhanya

Amafasitela ayingozi ezinyonini. Uma amafasitela ehlanzekile, ngokuvamile izinyoni zibona lokho okungalé kwawo, okungase kuhlanganise izimila nesibhakabhaka. Ngenxa yalokho, izinyoni ezingasoli lutho ngezinye izikhathi ziqonda ngqo kulawo mafasitela ngesivinini esikhulu. Zingase zibone izitshalo ezihlobisile ngaphakathi esakhiweni noma endlini bese zizama ukuyohlala kuzo.

Amafasitela anombala, angabonisi ngalé nawo angaba inkinga. Ezimweni ezithile, izinyoni zingase zingaliboni ifasitela kodwa zibone indawo noma isibhakabhaka esibonakala kulo, bese nalapha futhi zingena enkingeni. Izinyoni ziye zafa nalapho zishayeka emafasiteleni ezikhungweni zezivakashi nasemibhoshongweni yokubuka indawo esezindaweni zokunakekela izinyoni nezilwane! Uprofesa wesayensi yezinyoni nezinto eziphilayo uDkt. Daniel Klem, Jr., ukholelwa ukuthi kufa izinyoni eziningi ezishayeka emafasiteleni kunalezo ezibulawa ezinye izimbangela ezihlobene nemisebenzi yabantu, ngaphandle mhlawumbe kokucekela phansi indawo ezihlala kuyo.

Izinyoni ezithile zisengozini yokushayeka ngokukhethekile. Ngokwesibonelo, izinyoni eziningi ezifudukayo zihamba ebusuku futhi zifuna indawo ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa izinkanyezi. Ngenxa yalokho, zingase zididwe izibani ezikhanya kakhulu ezakhiweni eziphakeme. Empeleni, ezinye izinyoni ziye zadideka kangangokuba zindiza zehle zenyuka zize ziwe ngenxa yokukhathala. Enye ingozi ivela lapho lina ebusuku noma liguqubele. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ezinye izinyoni zindizela phansi, okwandisa ingozi yokushayeka ezakhiweni eziphakeme.

Umphumela Walokhu Esibalweni Sezinyoni

Umbiko othile uthi isakhiwo nje esisodwa esiphakeme eChicago, e-Illinois, e-U.S.A., sabulala izinyoni ezingaba ngu-1 480 phakathi nenkathi yokufuduka kwazo. Ngakho, esikhathini esiyiminyaka engu-14 ilandelana, leso sakhiwo sabulala izinyoni ezingaba ngu-20 700. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi inani eliphakeme lezinyoni ezishayeka kuleso sakhiwo lalilikhulu kakhulu kunalokho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMichael Mesure, umqondisi we-Fatal Light Awareness Program yaseToronto, eCanada, uthi lezi zinyoni “aziwona amajuba, ama-gull, noma amadada, kodwa yizinyoni ezisengozini yokushabalala.”

Ngokwesibonelo, ngonyaka othile muva nje e-Australia, amafasitela abulala opholi abangama-swift abanga ngu-30, kuyilapho kusele abangu-2 000 kuphela. E-United States, amasampula amaningi asemnyuziyamu e-Bachman’s warbler engasekho, atholakala ezinyonini ezazishayeka endlini ethile yesibani sokuxwayisa imikhumbi eFlorida.

Ezinyonini ezisindayo lapho zishayeka ezakhiweni, eziningi ziyalimala noma zibe buthaka. Lokhu kuba ingozi kakhulu ezinyonini ezifudukayo. Uma zilimele bese zizithola ziphakathi kwezakhiwo eziningi, zingase zibulawe indlala noma ezinye izilwane, ezinye esezifunde ukusizakala ngalo mthombo wokudla otholakala ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ingabe Ikhona Indlela Izinyoni Ezingavikelwa Ngayo Ezakhiweni?

Ukuze izinyoni zigweme ukundizela emafasiteleni, kufanele zikwazi ukuwabona njengento eqinile. Ukuze kube njalo, abanye abanikazi bemizi badele ilungelo labo lokubona indawo ezungezile ngandlela-thile ngokufaka izithombe, izimpawu noma ezinye izinto emafasiteleni izinyoni ezivame ukushayiseka kuwo. NgokukaKlem, into ebalulekile akuyona imidwebo noma izimpawu ngokwazo, kodwa izikhala. Ucwaningo lwakhe luveza ukuthi lezi zinto ezikwazi ukuzibona akufanele zigqagqane ngamasentimitha amahlanu emaceleni noma ayishumi ngenhla.

Yini engenziwa ukuze kusizwe izinyoni ezifudukayo ezindiza ebusuku? Umxhumanisi wezocwaningo lwemvelo uLesley J. Evans Ogden uthi: “Ukushayeka kwezinyoni ezakhiweni ebusuku . . . kungagwenywa ngokuyinhloko ngokucima izibani.” Kwamanye amadolobha, izibani zokuhlobisa ezakhiweni ezikhoth’ amafu seziyafiphazwa noma zicinywe ngesikhathi esithile ebusuku, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi yokufuduka kwezinyoni. Kwezinye izimo, kuye kwafakwa amanetha emafasiteleni ezakhiwo eziphakeme ukuze izinyoni zingacabangi ukuthi zibona isibhakabhaka.

Izinyathelo ezinjalo zingase zinciphise ukufa kwezinyoni ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-80, kusindise izigidi zezinyoni unyaka ngamunye. Kodwa inkinga eyinhloko cishe ngeke iphele, ngoba abantu bayazithanda izibani namafasitela. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlangano ezizinikele ekuvikelweni kwezinyoni, njenge-Audubon Society, zizama ukukhuthaza abaklami bezakhiwo nabakhi ukuba bazikhathelele kakhudlwana izidingo zezilwane.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 10]

ZISHONEPHI ZONKE LEZI ZINYONI?

Isilinganiso sezinyoni ezifa ngenxa yezinto ezihlobene nabantu minyaka yonke e-United States

◼ Imibhoshongo yezokuxhumana—izigidi ezingu-40

◼ Imithi yokubulala izilwane eziyinkathazo—izigidi ezingu-74

◼ Amakati afuywayo nawasendle—izigidi ezingu-365

◼ Izingilazi zamafasitela—izigidi eziyikhulu kuya ezigidini eziyinkulungwane

◼ Ukuphelelwa indawo yokuhlala—akwaziwa, kodwa kungenzeka yikona okuyingozi kakhulu

[Isithombe ekhasini 10]

Unyaka ngamunye e-United States, kufa okungenani izinyoni eziyizigidi eziyikhulu ngemva kokushayeka emafasiteleni

[Umthombo]

© Reimar Gaertner/age fotostock