Injani Indlala Yakho Yegilo?

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EBRAZIL

USARA wayelusizi kakhulu ngokushonelwa usana lwakhe enezinyanga ezintathu ekhulelwe. Cishe ngemva konyaka, washonelwa olunye usana. Ukuxilongwa kaningana akuyembulanga imbangela yangempela. Njengoba iminyaka yayiqhubeka, uSara waqala ukukhuluphala, nakuba ayelinganisela ekudleni futhi ewuvivinya njalo umzimba. Waqala ukuba nenkwantshu emilenzeni futhi ezwela amakhaza kakhulu. Ekugcineni, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ne-ultrasound yendlala yakhe yegilo kwembula ukuthi uSara wayenesifo okuthiwa i-Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, okungenzeka sasiyimbangela yokuphuphunyelwa kwakhe yisisu.a

Njengabantu abaningi, uSara wayengakaze acabange ngendlala yakhe yegilo. Kodwa impilo yakhe ewohlokayo yembula indlela ebaluleke ngayo le ndlala.

Indlala Yegilo

Indlala yegilo iyisitho esincane, esimise okovemvane ngezansi nje kwegilo ngaphambili entanyeni. Le ndlala iyizingxenye ezimbili ezizungeze uqhoqhoqho noma umphimbo, futhi iyonke ingaba nesisindo esingaphansi kwamagremu angu-30. Iyingxenye yesimiso sezindlala emzimbeni, iqoqo lezitho nezicubu ezikhiqiza futhi zigcine ama-hormone, okuyiwona athutha amakhemikhali awayise ngokuqondile egazini.

Indlala yegilo inamasakana amaningi agcwele uketshezi olujiyile oluqukethe ama-hormone. La ma-hormone ane-iodine eningi. Empeleni, cishe amaphesenti angu-80 e-iodine esemzimbeni atholakala kule ndlala. Ukuntuleka kwalesi sakhi ekudleni kungase kwenze indlala yegilo ivuvukale. Ezinganeni, ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kunganqanda ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kanjalo kuthiye ukukhula komzimba, kwengqondo, nokwezitho zobulili—isifo okuthiwa i-cretinism.

Ukusebenza Kwama-hormone Egilo

Ama-hormone egilo abizwa ngokuthi i-T3, RT3 (Reverse T3), ne-T4.b I-T3 ne-RT3 kutholakala kuyi-T4, futhi lolu shintsho lwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ngaphandle kwale ndlala ezicutshini zomzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho umzimba udinga ama-hormone egilo engeziwe, le ndlala ikhiphela i-T4 egazini, bese ngemva kwalokho i-T4 nezakhi zayo kuye kuwo wonke amangqamuzana omzimba.

Njengoba nje namafutha elawula ijubane lenjini yemoto, ama-hormone egilo alawula izinga lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni—okuyinqubo eyenzeka emangqamuzaneni enikeza amandla futhi yakhe izicubu ezintsha. Ngakho, ama-hormone egilo akhuthaza ukukhula okufanele nokuvuselelwa kwezicubu, athinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo futhi alondoloza amandla adingwa yimisipha nezinga lokushisa komzimba.

Ama-hormone egilo enza neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, asiza isibindi ukuba sikhiphe ama-triglyceride anqwabelene kanye nama-lipoprotein anqumayo, amafutha amabi egazini. La mafutha amabi aya enyongweni, ngemva kwalokho angene endleni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hormone yegilo encane kakhulu ingabangela ukwanda kwamafutha amabi egazini nokuncipha kwama-lipoprotein anganqumi, noma amafutha afanelekile egazini.

Esiswini nasemathunjini, ama-hormone egilo asheshisa ukukhiqizwa koketshezi olugaya ukudla, andise nokufinyela kwamathumbu (i-peristalsis). Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhiqizwa kakhulu kwe-hormone yegilo kungenza umuntu akhishwe isisu kakhulu, kanti uma incane, angaqunjelwa.

Yini Elawula Indlala Yegilo?

Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo kuqala engxenyeni yobuchopho okuthiwa i-hypothalamus. Uma le ngxenye yobuchopho izwa kunesidingo sama-hormone egilo, itshela indlala i-pituitary eseduze, esesiqwini sobuchopho ngenhla kwamankanka. I-pituitary ibe isikhiphela i-hormone eshukumisa igilo (i-TSH) egazini ukuze itshele indlala yegilo ukuba iqale ukusebenza.

Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela bangathola ukuthi indlala yegilo iyasebenza futhi iphile kahle yini ngokulinganisa i-TSH nama-hormone egilo asegazini. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba uma kungenjalo kungaba nenkinga enkulu.

Uma Indlala Yegilo Ingasebenzi Kahle

Ukuphazamiseka kwendlala yegilo kungase kubangelwe ukudla ukudla okungenayo i-iodine, ukukhandleka noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, izinkinga zofuzo, ukungenwa amagciwane, izifo (ngokuvamile zokuzihlasela komzimba), noma imiphumela engemihle yemithi yezifo ezihlukahlukene.c Ukuvuvukala kwegilo kungase kube uphawu lokugula. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabonakala ngokukhukhumala kwentamo noma ngamaqhubu. Nakuba kungavamile ukuba ingozi, ukuvuvukala kwegilo kufanele kwelashwe, ngoba kungase kube uphawu lwesifo esiyingozi kakhulu, njengomdlavuza.d

Ngokuvamile, indlala yegilo enenkinga ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone kuthiwa i-hyperthyroidism; kanti ukukhiqizwa kwawo kancane kuthiwa i-hypothyroidism. Inkinga yegilo ingaqala kancane kancane ingabonakali, ngakho kungaphela iminyaka umuntu enayo kodwa engazi. Njengoba kunjalo ngezifo eziningi, umphumela ungaba ngcono uma inkinga itholakala lapho isaqala.

Izinkinga zegilo ezivame kakhulu i-Hashimoto’s thyroiditis ne-Graves’ disease. Zombili lezi zinkinga ziyizifo zokuzihlasela komzimba, ngoba ucabanga ukuthi amangqamuzana avamile omzimba awafuneki. I-Hashimoto’s thyroiditis ivame ngokuphindwe kasithupha kwabesifazane kunakwabesilisa, futhi ngokuvamile ibangela i-hypothyroidism. I-Graves’ disease ivame ngokuphindwe kasishiyagalombili kwabesifazane futhi ivame ukubangela i-hyperthyroidism.

Kunemibono ehlukahlukene ngokuthi abantu kufanele bahlolwe kangaki ukuthi banaso yini isifo segilo, nakuba kuthiwa ukuhlolwa kwezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa kubalulekile. (Bheka ibhokisi elithi “Ukuxilongwa Okubalulekile Kwezinsana Ezisanda Kuzalwa.”) Uma ukuxilongwa kwezempilo kubonisa ukuthi indlala yegilo ayisebenzi kahle, kuye kukhishwe isiqondiso sokuba kuhlolwe amasosha omzimba ahlasela le ndlala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi indlala yegilo isebenza ngokweqile, ngokuvamile kuthathwa ama-X ray egilo, uma isiguli singakhulelwe noma singancelisi. Ukuba khona kwamaqhubu egilweni kungase kudinge ukuba kuthathwe amasampula ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi awanawo yini umdlavuza.

Uma Kudingeka Ukwelashwa

Imithi ingazidambisa izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, njengokwenyuka kwezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukudikiza komzimba nokukhathazeka. Okunye ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukubulawa kwamangqamuzana egilo ukuze le ndlala ikhiqize ama-hormone amancane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuba le ndlala isuswe.

Ezigulini ezine-hypothyroidism noma eziye zahlinzwa kwasuswa le ndlala, odokotela bavame ukuyala ukuba zithole i-hormone i-T4 nsuku zonke. Ukuze balawule izinga elifunekayo, odokotela bazibheka ngeso elibukhali iziguli ezelashwayo. Umdlavuza wegilo ungelashwa ngezindlela eziningana, kuhlanganise imithi, ukuhlinzwa, amakhemikhali nangemisebe ye-iodine.

USara welashwa ngokuphumelelayo ngokujovwa nge-hormone i-T4, kanti kunesazi sokudla esimsize ukuba akwazi ukudla ukudla okunomsoco. Imiphumela iye yaba mihle. Njengoba abantu abanjengoSara befundile, indlala yegilo ingase ibe ncane, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho inakekele eyakho—yidla ukudla okunomsoco okuhlanganisa ne-iodine eyanele, zama ukugwema ukuhlala ucindezelekile futhi wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukuze ulondoloze impilo enhle.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 27]

Njengoba nje namafutha elawula ijubane lenjini yemoto, ama-hormone egilo alawula izinga lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 29]

Inkinga yegilo ingaqala kancane kancane ingabonakali, ngakho kungaphela iminyaka umuntu enayo kodwa engazi

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 28]

IZIMPAWU EZIVAMILE

I-hyperthyroidism: Ukucasuka ngokweqile, ukuncipha komzimba ngokungenasizathu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngamandla, ukukhishwa isisu, ukuguquguquka kokuya esikhathini, ukuhluthuka, ukukhathazeka, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, amehlo aphumele ngaphandle, imisipha ebuthaka, ukuntula ubuthongo, kanye nezinwele ezintekenteke, eziqothukayo.e

I-hypothyroidism: Ukungabi namandla komzimba nengqondo, ukukhuluphala ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, ukuqunjelwa, ukuzwela amakhaza ngokweqile, ukushintshashintsha kokuya esikhathini, ukucindezeleka, ukushintsha kwephimbo (lihoshoze noma libe phansi), ukukhohlwa nokukhathala.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 28]

UKUXILONGWA OKUBALULEKILE KWEZINSANA EZISANDA KUZALWA

Amaconsi ambalwa egazi losana olusanda kuzalwa angabonisa uma usana lunenkinga yokungasebenzi kahle kwendlala yegilo. Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwembula ukuthi kunenkinga, odokotela bangathatha izinyathelo zokulungisa isimo. Uma umntwana engenawo ama-hormone egilo anele, angase angakhuli ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, okuyisifo okuthiwa i-cretinism. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuvamile izinsana zihlolwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zizelwe.

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 29]

INGABE UYAKUTHOLA UKUDLA OKUNOMSOCO?

Ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zendlala yegilo. Ngokwesibonelo, ingabe ukudla kwakho kune-iodine eyanele, ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone egilo? Inhlanzi edotshwe emanzini anosawoti nokunye ukudla kwasolwandle kuwumthombo obalulekile walesi sakhi esisemqoka. Izinga le-iodine emifinweni nasenyameni liyahlukahluka kuye ngamakhemikhali asenhlabathini okutshalwa kuyo. Ukuze kulungiswe ukuntuleka kwalesi sakhi ekudleni, abanye ohulumeni bashaya umthetho wokuba i-iodine inezelwe kusawoti odliwayo.

Okunye okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwale ndlala i-selenium. Lesi sakhi esincane siyingxenye yeprotheni eshintsha i-hormone i-T4 ibe i-T3. Nalapha futhi, izinga le-selenium emifinweni, enyameni nasobisini lixhomeke enhlabathini. Ukudla kwasolwandle namantongomane aseBrazil kuwumthombo omkhulu we-selenium. Kodwa-ke, uma usola ukuthi unenkinga yendlala yegilo, bonana nodokotela; ungazami ukuzelapha.

[Umdwebo ekhasini 28]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

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Indlala yegilo

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