Ingabe Uyakholelwa Emfundisweni Yokuphindukuzalwa?
“USAYIKHUMBULA intombazane kamakhelwane owawuthandana nayo nisakhula lapha eNdiya?” kubhala uMukundbhai ebhalela indodana yakhe efunda eyunivesithi e-United States. “Izoshada emasontweni ambalwa ezayo. Ngithe mangikwazise.”
Kungani lobaba ayexoxela indodana yakhe lezi zindaba? Ingani uMukundbhai wakuqeda ngodlakalasi lokho kuthandana kwabo besanda kweva eshumini nambili eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Ngalé kwalokho, kwase kuyiminyaka eyisithupha indodana yakhe ise-United States iphishekela imfundo ephakeme. Phakathi naleso sikhathi yayingathintani nalentombazane, futhi uMukundbhai wayekwazi lokho.
Pho kungani ayezihlupha? Kungenxa yokuthi uMukundbhai wayekholelwa emfundisweni yokuphindukuzalwa, noma yokuzalwa ngokusha.a Uma mhlawumbe ukuthandana kwalaba ababili beseyizingane kwakubangelwe ukuthi babeshadile ekuphileni kwangaphambili, kwakuyoba isihluku ukubahlukanisa njengoba manje base bebadala ngokwanele ukuba bangashada. UMukundbhai wayefuna nje ukuba indodana yakhe yazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuba lentombazane ibe inkosikazi yomunye umuntu kulokhu kuphila.
Cabanga ngenye indaba. Intombazanyana eneminyaka emine ubudala yalaliswa kaningana esibhedlela eMumbai, eNdiya, isezinhlungwini. Yayinenkinga yesivalwana esingasebenzi kahle enhliziyweni yayo. Abazali bayo abami kahle kwakubacindezela ukubona ingane yabo isezinhlungwini. Kodwa bacabanga: “Kufanele sikwamukele. Kumelwe ukuthi kukhona akwenza ekuphileni kwakhe okudlule, okwenza afanelwe yilokhu.”
Ukukholelwa emfundisweni yokuphindukuzalwa kunendima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwezigidi ezisezinkolweni zobuHindu, ubuBuddha, ubuJain, ubuSikh nezinye izinkolo ezidabuka eNdiya. Izenzakalo zasekuphileni—kusukela ekuthandeni umuntu kuya ekuhluphekeni okukhulu—zibhekwa njengemiphumela yezenzo ezenziwa ekuphileni okudlule.
Abaningi emazweni aseNtshonalanga nabo iyabakhanga imfundiso yokuphindukuzalwa. Umdlali wezithombe waseMelika uShirley MacLaine uthi uyayikholelwa. Umbhali uLaurel Phelan waseVancouver, eBritish Columbia, eCanada, uthi unezinkumbulo zasekuphileni okungu-50 okudlule. Ekuhloleni kukaGallup kwango-1994 okwakwenzelwa i-CNN/USA Today, abantu abadala abangaphezu kuka-270 kwabangu-1 016 bathi bayakukholelwa ukuphindukuzalwa. Ukukholelwa ukuphindukuzalwa kuyingxenye futhi yomzabalazo weNkathi Entsha. Kodwa ibuphi ubufakazi obusekela lenkolelo?
“Izinkumbulo zokuphila okudlule!” kusho abakukholelwayo ukuphindukuzalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho uRatana waseBangkok oneminyaka emithathu ubudala eqala ukuba “nezinkumbulo zokuphila kwakhe okudlule ewumama okholwayo owashona eseseminyakeni yawo-60 ubudala,” abaningi abakuzwa lokhu bamukela isimo sakhe njengobufakazi obuqand’ikhanda bokuphindukuzalwa.
Nokho kuningi ukungabaza. Futhi kungenzeka kube nezinye izincazelo zezinkumbulo okuthiwa ngezokuphila okudlule.b Encwadini yakhe ethi Hinduism: Its Meaning for the Liberation of the Spirit, isazi sefilosofi esingumHindu uNikhilananda sithi ‘izenzakalo zangemva kokufa azinakufakazelwa ngokucabanga.’ Kodwa sima ngelokuthi “imfundiso yokuzalwa ngokusha cishe iyiqiniso.”
Kodwa ingabe iBhayibheli liyayisekela lemfundiso? Futhi yiliphi ithemba ngabafileyo iZwi likaNkulunkulu eliphefumulelwe elilinikezayo?
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a I-New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi “ukuphindukuzalwa” kusho “ukuzalwa komphefumulo ngokusha ekuphileni okukodwa noma ngaphezulu okulandelanayo, okungase kube umuntu, isilwane, noma kwezinye izimo isitshalo.” Inkulumo ethi “ukuzalwa ngokusha [rebirth]” nayo iyasetshenziswa ekuchazeni lenqubo, kodwa igama elithi “ukuphindukuzalwa [reincarnation]” lamukelwa abaningi. Izichazamazwi eziningana zezilimi zaseNdiya ziwasebenzisa ngendlela efanayo lamagama.
b Bheka amakhasi 5-7 e-Phaphama! ka-June 8, 1994.
[Izithombe ekhasini 4]
Ingabe ujeziselwa izono azenza ekuphileni okudlule?