Agbalẽ Si Le Amewo Ƒe Gbegbɔgblɔwo Me

Ne womegadoa gbe si me woŋlɔ agbalẽ aɖe ɖo o la, ke esɔ ko kple alesi agbalẽa maganɔ anyi o. Egbea ame ʋee aɖewo koe ate ŋu axlẽ gbe gbãtɔ siwo me woŋlɔ Biblia ɖo. Gake eganye agbalẽ si ŋu agbe le. Egakpɔtɔ li elabena “esrɔ̃” gbe siwo amewo dona egbea le xexeame godoo la “dodo.” Gbegɔmeɖela siwo “fia” gbe bubuwo dodoe la do go mɔxenu siwo dze abe ɖe womate ŋu awɔ naneke le wo ŋu o ene ɣeaɖewoɣi.

BIBLIA—si si ta siwo wu 1,100 kple kpukpui siwo wu 31,000 le—la gɔmeɖeɖe menye dɔ feŋui o. Gake le ƒe alafawo me la, gbegɔmeɖela dovevienuwo lɔ̃ faa wɔ dɔ sia. Wo dometɔ geɖe lɔ̃ faa be yewoakpe fu ɖe yewoƒe dɔa ta ahaku gɔ̃ hã ɖe eta. Alesi wowɔ va ɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe gbe vovovo siwo ameƒomea dona me ƒe ŋutinya nye esi me veviedodo kple aɖaŋudzedze blibo dze le. De ŋugble le nuŋlɔɖi ma si ŋu wòdze be míabu la ƒe akpa sue aɖe ŋu kpɔ.

Kuxi Siwo Gbegɔmeɖelawo Do Goe

Aleke nàwɔ aɖe agbalẽ gɔme ɖe gbe si womeŋlɔna o me? Kuxi ma tututue Biblia gɔmeɖela gbogbo aɖewo do goe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Ulfilas si nɔ anyi le ƒe alafa enelia M.Ŋ. me dze Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe ɖe Gothgbe si nye gbe si wodona ɣemaɣi gake womeŋlɔnɛ o la me. Ulfilas to ŋɔŋlɔdzesi 27 siwo wotu ɖe Helagbe kple Latingbe me ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo dzi koŋ vɛ be yeatsɔ aŋlɔ Gothgbe lae. Ewu eƒe gɔmeɖeɖea si me woɖe Biblia bliboa katã kloe ɖe Gothgbe me le la nu do ŋgɔ na ƒe 381 M.Ŋ.

Le ƒe alafa asiekelia me la, nɔvi Helatɔ eve siwo ŋkɔe nye Cyril (woyɔnɛ tsã be Constantine) kple Methodius, amesiwo nye agbalẽnyala kple gbenyala bibiwo di be yewoaɖe Biblia gɔme na Slav-dukɔwo. Gake womeŋlɔa Slavoniagbe—gbe si me egbe Slavgbewo do tso—la o. Eyata nɔvi eveawo to ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo vɛ be yewoatsɔ aɖe Biblia gɔmee. Ewɔe be azɔ Biblia te ŋu “ƒo nu” na ame bubu geɖewo, le Slavtɔwo dome.

Le ƒe alafa 16 lia me la, William Tyndale dze Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe tso gbe gbãtɔ siwo me woŋlɔe ɖo me yi Eŋlisigbe me, gake Sɔlemeha la kple Dziɖuɖua tsi tre ɖe eŋu sesĩe. Tyndale, amesi de suku le Oxford la di be “ɖevi si le agbleŋlɔmɔ̃ kum” gɔ̃ hã nase yeƒe gbegɔmeɖeɖea me.¹ Gake hafi wòte ŋu wɔ dɔ sia la, Germany ye wòsi yi, afisi wòta eƒe Eŋlisigbe me “Nubabla Yeye” la le le ƒe 1526 me. Esi wotsɔ eƒe ɖewo gbã de va England la, eku dzi na dumegãwo vevie ale gbegbe be wotɔ dzo wo le dutoƒo. Emegbe wofia Tyndale yomemɔ. Ɣeɣiɣi kpui aɖe hafi ne woatsɔ ka amia ve nɛ ɖe ati ŋu atɔ dzo eƒe kukua la, edo ɣli sesĩe be: “Aƒetɔ, ʋu ŋku na England Fia la!”²

Biblia gɔmeɖeɖea yi edzi; gbegɔmeɖelawo metɔ te dɔa o. Va ɖo ƒe 1800 ƒeawo me la, Biblia ƒe akpa aɖewo ya teti “srɔ̃” gbe 68 eye “wonya wo dodo.” Eye esi woɖo Biblia Habɔbɔwo—vevietɔ Britain Kple Duta Biblia Habɔbɔ, si woɖo le ƒe 1804 me—la, Biblia “gasrɔ̃” gbe yeye bubuwo kpee kabakaba. Ðekakpui gbogbo aɖewo tsɔ wo ɖokui na be yewoanye mawunyadɔgbedelawo ayi dutanyigbawo dzi, eye wo dome ame akpa gãtɔ ƒe taɖodzinu vevietɔe nye be yewoava ɖe Biblia gɔme.

Afrikagbewo Sɔsrɔ̃

Le ƒe 1800 ƒeawo me la, Afrikagbe siwo woŋlɔna la anye wo ame wuieve aɖe ko. Ehiã be ame aɖe nato nuŋɔŋlɔmɔnu vɛ hafi woate ŋu aŋlɔ gbe alafa bubu geɖe siwo wodona. Mawunyadɔgbedelawo va srɔ̃ gbeawo, gɔmedzegbalẽ alo nyagɔmeɖegbalẽwo manɔmee. Eyome wodze agbagba trɔ asi le alesi woaŋlɔ woe ŋu, eye emegbe wofia exexlẽ ameawo. Wowɔ esia ale be gbeɖeka ameawo nate ŋu axlẽ Biblia le woawo ŋutɔ wo degbe me.³

Mawunyadɔgbedela siawo dometɔ ɖekae nye Scotlandtɔ aɖe si ŋkɔe nye Robert Moffat. Le ƒe 1821 me, esime Moffat xɔ ƒe 25 la, eyi nyanyuikakadɔwɔƒe le Tswanagbedolawo dome le Afrika ƒe anyiehenutome. Eva nɔ ameawo dome, ɣeaɖewoɣi ezɔa mɔ yia woƒe nutotrowo me be yeazɔ kple wo atsɔ asrɔ̃ gbeae. Eva ŋlɔ emegbe be: “Ameawo bua ame ŋu, eye ne mewɔ vodada le gbea dodo me la, wokoam ŋutɔ. Womaɖɔ nya alo nyagbe ɖeka pɛ hã ɖo na wò ne menye ɖe wosrɔ̃ wò nyuie be yewoatsɔ ado nukokoe na amewo woako hahaha gbã hafi o.”⁴ Moffat do dzi yi edzi eye wòva se gbea nyuie heto eŋɔŋlɔ hã vɛ.

Le ƒe 1829 me, esi Moffat wɔ dɔ ƒe enyi le Tswanatɔwo dome la, eɖe Luka ƒe Nyanyuia gɔme wu enu. Esi wòdi be yeatae la, eɖo tasiaɖam si nyiwo hena zɔ mɔ abe kilometa 960 ene yi ƒuta eye emegbe wògaɖo tɔdziʋu yi Cape Town. Afima ƒe dziɖula ɖe mɔ nɛ be wòazã dziɖuɖua ƒe agbalẽtamɔ̃, gake Moffat ŋutɔe aɖo nyaawo ɖe ɖoɖo nu eye wòagatae, mlɔeba la, eva ɖe Nyanyuia ɖe go le ƒe 1830 me. Emae nye zi gbãtɔ si Tswanatɔwo te ŋu xlẽ Biblia ƒe akpa aɖe le woawo ŋutɔ wo degbe me. Le ƒe 1857 me la, Moffat wu Biblia bliboa gɔmeɖeɖe ɖe Tswanagbe me nu.

Emegbe Moffat gblɔ alesi Tswanatɔwo xɔ Luka ƒe Nyanyuiae zi gbãtɔ si wokpɔe. Egblɔ be: “Menya ame aɖewo siwo zɔ mɔ agbadroƒe alafa geɖe va be yewoaxɔ Luka Kɔkɔe ƒe tataawo. . . . Mekpɔ wo woxɔ Luka Kɔkɔe ƒe akpa aɖewo, eye wowo avi helé wo ɖe akɔ, eye wotsɔ akpedada faa avii, vaseɖe esime megblɔ na wo dometɔ geɖe be ‘Miaƒe aɖatsiawo le agbalẽawo gblẽ ge na mi.’”⁵

Gbegɔmeɖela wɔnuteƒewo abe Moffat ene na mɔnukpɔkpɔ gbãtɔ su Afrikatɔ geɖe—amesiwo dometɔ aɖewo mekpɔ be ehiã be woaŋlɔ yewo degbe o—si be woaƒo nu na wo nɔewo to nuŋɔŋlɔ me. Gake gbegɔmeɖelawo bui be yewona nunana si xɔ asi boo wu la Afrikatɔwo—eyae nye Biblia si le woawo ŋutɔ wo degbe me. Egbea Biblia bliboa alo eƒe akpa aɖewo te ŋu “doa” Afrikagbe siwo wu 600.

Asiagbewo Sɔsrɔ̃

Esime gbegɔmeɖelawo nɔ dagbadagbam le Afrika be yewoaŋlɔ gbe siwo wodona la, le xexeame ƒe akpa kemɛ la, gbegɔmeɖela bubuwo do go mɔxenu si to vovo sã—eyae nye be woaɖe egɔme ɖe gbe siwo ŋɔŋlɔ sesẽ me. Kuxi siae dze ŋgɔ amesiwo ɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe Asiagbewo me.

Le ƒe alafa 19 lia ƒe gɔmedzedze la, William Carey kple Joshua Marshman yi India va srɔ̃ woƒe gbe siwo woŋlɔna dometɔ geɖe. Agbalẽtala aɖe si ŋkɔe nye William Ward kpe ɖe wo ŋu wota Biblia ƒe akpa aɖewo ya teti ƒe gɔmeɖeɖe ɖe gbe siwo esusɔ vie ko woade 40 me.⁶ Agbalẽŋlɔla J. Herbert Kane gblɔ tso William Carey ŋu be: “Eto [Bengalgbe] ŋɔŋlɔmɔnu bɔbɔe aɖe si nya se si sɔ ɖe alesi wodoa gbeae nu vɛ si va xɔ ɖe xoxotɔ si woŋlɔna teƒe, eye esia na eme kɔ wu eye wònya xlẽna bɔbɔe na egbe nuxlẽlawo.”⁷

Adoniram Judson si wodzi le United States eye wònɔ afima tsi la zɔ mɔ yi Burma, eye le ƒe 1817 me la, edze Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe ɖe Burmagbe me gɔme. Eŋlɔ tso fu siwo wokpena le Ɣedzeƒetɔwo ƒe gbe sɔsrɔ̃ ava ɖo afisi woate ŋu aɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe wo me ŋu be: ‘Ne míele gbe si amesiwo le anyigba la ƒe akpa kemɛ dona srɔ̃m, amesiwo ƒe nyagbɔgblɔmɔnu nye nu yeye na mí eye woƒe ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo kple nyawo meɖi gbe siwo míese kpɔ dometɔ aɖeke tɔ o; ne nyagɔmeɖegbalẽ alo nyagɔmeɖela aɖeke meli akpe ɖe mía ŋu o eye míase nane le gbea me hafi gbea dolawo nafia nu mí la—dɔ bliboe wònyena!’⁸

Le Judson gome la, etsɔ ƒe 18 sɔŋ ku kutrii le dɔ sia ŋu. Wota Burmagbe Biblia la ƒe akpa mamlɛa le ƒe 1835 me. Gake eƒe Burma nɔnɔ gblẽ nu le eŋu vevie. Esime wònɔ gbea gɔme ɖem la, wotso enu be ŋkutsalae wònye eye esia ta wodee gaxɔ si me mu bɔ ɖo me ƒe eve kloe. Esime woɖe asi le eŋu megbe kpuie la, asrã wu srɔ̃a kple vianyɔnuvi fẽ la.

Esi Robert Morrison si xɔ ƒe 25 va China le ƒe 1807 me la, edze Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe ɖe Chinagbe me gɔme, si nye dɔ sesẽ aɖe ŋutɔ elabena enye gbe siwo sesẽ wu le esiwo woŋlɔna dome la dometɔ ɖeka. Mese Chinagbe si sɔsrɔ̃ gɔme wòdze ƒe eve do ŋgɔ la nyuie o. Chinatɔwo ƒe se si di be womeganya naneke tso China-dukɔa ŋu o la hã ɖe fu na Morrison. Wode se na Chinatɔwo be amesiame si afia wo degbea amedzro la, woawui. Enye agɔdzedze si ƒe tohehee nye kufiatsotso be amedzro naɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe Chinagbe me.

Esia medo ŋɔdzi na Morrison o, gake edze aye le gbea sɔsrɔ̃ me, eye esɔsrɔ̃ hã nɔ tsɔtsɔm nɛ. Le ƒe eve me la, ekpɔ dɔ si nye gbegɔmeɖedɔ le Ɣedzeƒe India ƒe Asitsaha gbɔ. Ewɔa dɔ na asitsaha la le ŋkeke me, gake ewɔa Biblia gɔmeɖedɔa le adzame togbɔ be woate ŋu alée hã. Le ƒe 1814 me, si nye eƒe China vava ƒe adre megbe la, ewu Kristotɔwo ƒe Hela Ŋɔŋlɔawo gɔmeɖeɖe nu wòsɔ gbe na tata xoxo.⁹ William Milne kpe ɖe eŋu be le ƒe atɔ̃ bubu megbe wòwu Hebri Ŋɔŋlɔawo hã nu.

Dɔ gã aɖe ŋutɔe wònye wowɔ—fifia Biblia ate ŋu “ado” gbe si dolawo sɔ gbɔ wu bubu ɖesiaɖe le xexeame. Gbegɔmeɖela bibiwo ƒe agbagbadzedze na woɖe egɔme ɖe Asiagbe bubuwo hã me emegbe. Egbea Biblia ƒe akpa aɖewo le Asiagbe siwo wu 500 me.

Nukatae amewo abe Tyndale, Moffat, Judson, kple Morrison ene, ku kutri ƒe geɖe—wo dometɔ aɖewo tsɔ woƒe agbe de afɔku me gɔ̃ hã—be yewoaɖe agbalẽ gɔme na amesiwo womenya o eye, le go aɖewo me la, na amesiwo ƒe gbe womeŋlɔna o? Le nyateƒe me la, menye ɖe kafukafu didi alo gakpɔkpɔ tae o. Woxɔ edzi se be Mawu ƒe Nyae Biblia nye eye be ele be “wòaƒo nu” na amewo—na amewo katã—le woawo ŋutɔ wo degbe me.

Eɖanye be èbua Biblia be enye Mawu ƒe Nya alo mèbunɛ nenema o, àlɔ̃ ɖe edzi be ɖokuitsɔtsɔsavɔ gbɔgbɔ si gbegɔmeɖela dovevienu mawo ɖe fia la mebɔ ɖe xexeame egbea o. Ðe mele be míadi be míanya nu le agbalẽ si ʋã amewo wowɔ nu ɖokuitɔmadimaditɔe alea ŋu oa?

[Nyaɖoɖo si le 12]

(Edze nyuie le agbalẽa ŋutɔ me)

Gbegbɔgblɔ agbɔsɔsɔme si me wota Biblia ƒe akpa aɖewo ɖo tso ƒe 1800

68 107 171 269 367 522 729 971 1,199 1,762 2,123

1800 1900 1995

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 10]

Tyndale le Biblia gɔme ɖem

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 11]

Robert Moffat

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 12]

Adoniram Judson

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 13]

Robert Morrison