Ƒe ƒe Kpododonu
“MÍ DUKƆ SIWO LE DUKƆ ƑOƑUAWO ME MÍEÐOE KPLIKPAA be míaɖe dzidzime siwo gbɔna la tso aʋawɔwɔ ƒe nugbegblẽ si he nuxaxa manyagblɔ va ameƒomea dzi zi eve le míaƒe agbe me la me, eye míagate gbe ɖe amegbetɔ ƒe gomenɔamesi vevitɔwo, bubu kple asixɔxɔ si le amegbetɔ ŋu, kple gome sɔsɔe si le ŋutsuwo kple nyɔnuwo kpakple dukɔ gãwo kple sueawo si la dzi, . . .”—Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe ɖoɖo ƒe ŋgɔdonya.
OCTOBER 24, 1995 dzie Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe ƒezã 50 lia dze. Dukɔ 185 siwo le eme fifia la katã ɖo tame kplikpaa be yewoawɔ ɖe habɔbɔa ƒe gɔmeɖose kple taɖodzinu gbãtɔ siwo woŋlɔ ɖe ɖoɖoa me dzi: be woana ŋutifafa kple dedienɔnɔ nanɔ dukɔwo dome; be woaɖe ŋutasẽnuwɔna siwo gblẽa xexeame ƒe ŋutifafa me la ɖa; be woana havilɔlɔ̃ nanɔ dukɔwo dome; be woakpɔ amewo katã ƒe ablɔɖe vevitɔwo ta eye womanɔ te ɖe ameƒomevinyenye, ŋutsu alo nyɔnu nyenye, gbegbɔgblɔ, subɔsubɔha dzi ade vovototo wo dome o; eye be woana dukɔwo katã nawɔ ɖeka akpɔ ganyawo, hadomegbenɔnɔnyawo, kple dekɔnunyawo gbɔ.
Ƒe 50 enye sia Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe habɔbɔa wɔ dɔ ɖedzesiwo bene woahe ŋutifafa kple dedienɔnɔ ava xexeame. Anɔ eme be ɖewohĩ eyae na xexemeʋa etɔ̃lia medzɔ o, eye womegatsɔ nuklia bɔmb tsrɔ̃ ame gbogbo aɖewo ƒe agbee ake o. Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo na nuɖuɖu kple atike ɖevi miliɔn geɖe. Ena amewo ƒe lãmesẽnyawo nyo ɖe edzi le dukɔ geɖe me, ɖewoe nye be ena tsi nyui amewo hedo abi na wo ɖe dɔ vɔ̃ɖiwo ŋu. Wona kpekpeɖeŋu sitsoƒedila miliɔn geɖe.
Wona Nobel Nunana Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe habɔbɔa zi gbɔ zi atɔ̃ tsɔ kafui ɖe eƒe agbagbadzedze ta. Gake nublanuinya ŋutɔŋutɔ si li enye be míege ɖe xexe si me aʋawɔwɔ mele o me kpɔ o.
Ŋutifafa Kple Dedienɔnɔ—Taɖodzinu Siwo Gbɔ Womeɖo O
Wodze agbagba ƒe 50 gake wodo kpo ŋutifafa kple dedienɔnɔ ƒe taɖodzinua gbɔ ɖoɖo kokoko. United States dukplɔla ɖe eƒe dziɖeleameƒo gblɔ le eƒe nuƒo aɖe me na Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe Takpeha nyitsɔ laa be “ƒe alafa sia si me mɔkpɔkpɔ, mɔnukpɔkpɔ, kple ŋgɔyiyi geɖe le la ganye ɣeyiɣi si me nuwo tsɔtsrɔ̃ kple mɔkpɔkpɔbuɖeame geɖe hã le.”
Esi ƒe 1994 wu enu la, The New York Times gblɔ be: “Aʋawɔwɔ alo dzrehehe 150 kloe le edzi yim eye wòle ame akpe geɖe wum—akɔntabubu akpa gãtɔ fia be dumevi dzrowo le kukum wu asrafowo—eye ame akpe alafa geɖe le sitsoƒedilawo zum.” Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe Nyatakaha ka nya ta be aʋawɔwɔ wu ame miliɔn 20 kple vɔ tso ƒe 1945 me. Madeleine Albright si nye United States Dukɔa teƒenɔla le Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo me gblɔ be “towo dome ʋa le fu wɔm amewo le mɔ geɖe nu fifia wu.” Amegbetɔ ƒe gomenɔamesi dzi dada kple vovototodeameme ŋuti nyawo ɖina le nyadzɔdzɔwo me gbesiagbe. Edze abe ɖe dukɔ geɖe ɖea mɔ le nuwo ŋu na wo nɔewo ko wu xɔlɔ̃dzedze wo nɔewo ene.
Aƒetɔ David Hannay si le Britania teƒe le Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo me gblɔ be “vaseɖe ƒe 1980-awo me la, esusɔ vie ko wòanye be ɖe Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ɖoe koŋ do kpo nu.” Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe agbalẽŋlɔlagã Boutros Boutros-Ghali fa konyi be ɖekematsɔleme kple nutikɔname le dzidzim ɖe edzi le Dukɔ siwo le habɔbɔa me la dome le avulényawo me. Eƒo nya ta be “Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo menye nu vevitɔ” na habɔbɔa me tɔ geɖe o.
Nyakakamɔnuwo ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi
Aleke ke Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo adze abe ɖe wòsesẽ ene o, dunyahehe kple nyakakamɔnuwo gblẽa eƒe agbagbadzedzewo me zi geɖe. Ŋusẽ manɔ Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ŋu ne emenɔlawo medo alɔe o. Gake ne amehawo meda asi ɖe edzi o la, habɔbɔa me tɔwo mado alɔ Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo o. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, The Wall Street Journal gblɔ be “alesi wòdo kpo nui le Somalia kple Bosnia na Amerikatɔ geɖe va kpɔe be menye ga koe habɔbɔa gblẽna o, ke enye afɔku ŋutɔŋutɔ hã.” Amehawo ƒe nɔnɔme sia na Amerika-dunyahela aɖewo doe ɖa be woaɖe United States ƒe gakpekpeɖeŋu si wònaa Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo la dzi.
Nyatakahawo mehena ɖe megbe kura le nyahehe ɖe Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ŋu vevie me o. Wozãa nyawo abe “ŋutetemanɔŋutɔ,” “agba kpekpe,” “kpodonula,” kple “ame kudɔe” ene kaŋ ne wole nu ƒom tso Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe dɔwɔna vovovowo ŋu. The Washington Post National Weekly Edition gblɔ nyitsɔ laa be “Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo kpɔtɔ nye habɔbɔ si le tetem klinyaklinya hele to dom be yeatrɔ ɖe xexeame ƒe nɔnɔme ŋutɔŋutɔ ŋu.”
Nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ bubu ƒo nu tso Agbalẽŋlɔlagã Boutros Boutros-Ghali ƒe konyifanya siwo wògblɔ le amesiwo wowu le Rwanda ŋu la ŋuti. Egblɔ be: “Menye Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ɖeka koe do kpo nu o; xexeame katãe do kpo nu. Eye mí katãe na wòdo kpo nu.” Television dzi wɔna tɔxɛ xɔŋkɔ aɖe si wowɔ le ƒe 1993 me gblɔ be Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo “mete ŋu xe mɔ ɖe ŋutifafa me gblẽnu gãtɔ kekeake nu o—nukliaʋawɔnuwo ƒe bɔbɔ.” Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo si “gblɔ nya gã nya gãwo ƒe geɖe enye sia” ŋue Television dzi wɔna la ƒo nu tsoe.
Dziɖeleameƒo sia si kaka ɖo teƒe geɖe la le fu ɖem na Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe amegãwo vevie eye wògana wotɔtɔ ɖe edzi. Gake togbɔ be wotɔtɔ hã la, le Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe ƒezã 50 lia me la, edze abe ɖe mɔkpɔkpɔ yeye gaɖo ame geɖe si ene eye wole mɔ kpɔm be yewoagadze nuwo gɔme yeyee. Togbɔ be Dukɔteƒenɔla Albright lɔ̃ ɖe Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe kpododonuwo dzi hã la, eɖe ame geɖe ƒe susu gblɔ esime wògblɔ be: “Ele be míadzudzɔ nuƒoƒo tso afisi míeɖo ŋu atrɔ ɖe afisi míeɖo tae ŋu boŋ.”
Ẽ, afikae xexeame ɖo tae? Ðe xexe si me aʋawɔwɔ manɔ o ava gbaɖegbea? Ne ava la, ke akpa kae Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo awɔ le eme? Gake ne mawuvɔ̃lae nènye la, ele be nàbia be, ‘Akpa kae Mawu awɔ le eme?’
[Aɖaka si le axa 4]
KPODODONUWO
Zi alesi aʋawɔwɔ, hiãkame, nuvlowɔwɔ, kple nufitifitiwɔwɔ li la, ŋutifafa mate ŋu anɔ anyi o. Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo na akɔntabubu si gbɔna la nyitsɔ laa.
Aʋawɔwɔwo: “Aʋa 82 siwo wowɔ le ƒe 1989 kple 1992 domee dometɔ 79 le alafa me nye dukɔmeviʋa, eye geɖe nye towo dome ʋa; amesiwo ku dometɔ 90 le alafa me nye dumevi dzrowo.”—Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe Nyatakaha (UNDPI)
Aʋawɔtuwo: “ICRC [Dukɔwo Dome Atitsoga Dzĩ Kɔmiti] bu akɔnta be aʋawɔtuwɔƒe 95 kple vɔ siwo le dukɔ 48 me wɔa nugoemetu si woɖina ɖe tome na futɔwo la ƒe miliɔn 5 vaseɖe 10 ƒe sia ƒe.”—Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe Teƒenɔlagã na Sitsoƒedilawo (UNHCR)
“Le Afrika la, woɖi nugoemetu siwo ade miliɔn 30 ɖe dukɔ siwo wu 18 me.”—UNHCR
Hiãkame: “Le xexeame katã la, ame 1 le 5 ɖesiaɖe me—si wu ame biliɔn ɖeka—da ahe kolikoli, eye wobu akɔnta be hiãkame wua ame miliɔn 13 vaseɖe 18 ƒe sia ƒe.”—UNDPI
Nuvlowɔwɔ: “Nuvlowɔwɔ dzi ɖe edzi zi 5 le alafa me le xexeame le mamã dedie nu ƒe sia ƒe tso ƒe 1980-awo me; le United States Amerika ɖeɖe la, wowɔa hlɔ̃nu miliɔn 35 ƒe sia ƒe.”—UNDPI
Nufitifitiwɔwɔ: “Amewo ƒe nufitifitiwɔwɔ le fievo dom. Wobu akɔnta be ga fifi le dukɔ aɖewo me nye ga si dukɔa kpɔna le ƒe blibo me ƒe alafa memamã 10.”—UNDPI