Se Siwo Wogblɔ Kple Nu Ko Nukata Wova Ŋlɔ Wo Ði?

NUKATAE ƒe alafa gbãtɔ me Yudatɔ geɖe mexɔ Yesu be eyae nye Mesia la o? Nuteƒekpɔla aɖe ka nya ta be: “Esi [Yesu va] mawuƒe me, eye wòle nu fiam amewo la, nunɔlagãwo kple dumegãwo va egbɔ gblɔ bena: Ŋusẽ ka nètsɔ wɔ esiawoe, eye amekae tsɔ nenem ŋusẽ sia na wò mahã?” (Mateo 21:23) Le woƒe nukpɔkpɔ nu la, Ŋusẽkatãtɔ la tsɔ Torah (Se) la na Yuda-dukɔa, eye Mawu na ŋusẽ ame aɖewo le sea me. Ðe ŋusẽ ma tɔgbe nɔ Yesu sia?

Yesu de bubu gãtɔ kekeake Torah la kpakple amesiwo wòna ŋusẽe ŋutɔŋutɔ ŋu. (Mateo 5:17-20; Luka 5:14; 17:14) Gake enuenu ebua fɔ amesiwo daa Mawu ƒe seawo dzi. (Mateo 15:3-9; 23:2-28) Amesiawo wɔna ɖe kɔnyinyi siwo wova yɔ emegbe be se siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko dzi. Yesu gbe kɔnyinyi siawo ƒe ŋusẽ. Ewɔe be ame geɖe mexɔe be eyae nye Mesia la o. Woxɔe se be amesi da asi ɖe yewoƒe amegãwo ƒe kɔnyinyiwo dzi koe Mawu anɔ megbe na.

Afikae kɔnyinyi siawo tso? Aleke wɔ hafi Yudatɔwo va bui be ŋusẽ le eŋu abe Se si woŋlɔ ɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo me ene? Eye ne ɖe woɖoe be woanye kɔnyinyi siwo woanɔ gbɔgblɔm kple nu ko la, ke nukata wova ŋlɔe ɖi emegbe?

Afikae Kɔnyinyiawo Dzɔ Tso?

Israel-viwo kple Yehowa Mawu bla nu le Sinai Toa gbɔ le ƒe 1513 D.M.Ŋ. me. Mose dzie woto xɔ nubablaa ƒe ɖoɖowo. (Mose II, 24:3) Ðoɖo siawo dzi wɔwɔ awɔe be ‘woanɔ kɔkɔe abe alesi woƒe Mawu Yehowa le kɔkɔe ene.’ (Mose III, 11:44) Le Se ƒe nubablaa te la, nunɔlawo ƒe ha tiatia aɖe saa vɔwo le Yehowa subɔsubɔ me. Ele be tadeaguƒe aɖe koŋ nanɔ wo si—mlɔeba eva nye gbedoxɔ si nɔ Yerusalem.—Mose V, 12:5-7; Kronika II, 6:4-6.

Ðoɖo gbadza si nu Israel-dukɔ bliboa ƒe tadedeagu na Yehowa anɔ la nɔ Mose ƒe Sea me. Gake womeɖe nanewo me tsitotsito o. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Sea meɖe mɔ ɖe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu le Sabat dzi o, gake mede vovototo si dze tẽ nusiwo woabu be wonye dɔwɔwɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ kple nuwɔna bubuwo dome o.—Mose II, 20:10.

Nenye ɖe Yehowa kpɔe be ehiã be yeaɖe nusianu me la, anye ne ewɔ se kukluiwo ɖe biabia ɖesiaɖe si ava tame na ame ŋu. Gake ewɔ dzitsinya na amegbetɔwo, eye eɖe mɔ na wo be woavo le wo ɖokui me asubɔ ye ɖe yeƒe ɖoɖoawo nu. Ele Sea me be nunɔlawo, Lewi-viwo, kple ʋɔnudrɔ̃lawo nadrɔ̃ ʋɔnunyawo. (Mose V, 17:8-11) Esi ʋɔnunyaawo va nɔ agbɔ sɔm ɖe edzi la, wo dometɔ aɖewo va zu kpɔɖeŋuwo, eye ɖikeke mele eme o be dzidzime siwo do ŋgɔ fiae megbeviwo. Azɔ hã vifofowo gblɔ alesi wokpɔa nunɔlawo ƒe dɔwo gbɔ le Yehowa ƒe gbedoxɔa me na wo viwo. Zi alesi dukɔ bliboa ƒe nunyanya nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzi ko la, nenemae eƒe kɔnyinyiwo hã nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzii.

Gake Se si woŋlɔ de Mose sie kpɔtɔ nye vevitɔ le Israel ƒe tadedeagu me. Mose II, 24:3, 4 gblɔ be: “Mose yi ɖagblɔ Yehowa ƒe nyawo katã kple ɖoɖoawo katã na dukɔ la. Tete dukɔ la katã ɖo ŋu yoo gblɔ bena: Nya, siwo katã Yehowa gblɔ la, míawɔe! Eye Mose ŋlɔ Yehowa ƒe nyawo katã.” Sedede siwo woŋlɔ ɖi siawo dzie Mawu nɔ te ɖo bla nu kple Israel-viwo be woawɔ ɖe wo dzi. (Mose II, 34:27, míawoe te gbe ɖe edzi.) Le nyateƒe me la, womeŋlɔ ɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo ƒe akpa aɖeke be se siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko li o.

“Amekae Tsɔ Nenem Ŋusẽ Sia Na Wò?”

Edze ƒã be Mose ƒe Sea gblẽe ɖe nunɔla siwo nye Aron ƒe dzidzimeviwo si me be woakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe subɔsubɔnya veviwo kple nufiafia dzi. (Mose III, 10:8-11; Mose V, 24:8; Kronika II, 26:16-20; Maleaxi 2:7) Gake le ƒe alafa geɖewo megbe la, nunɔla aɖewo va zu nuteƒemawɔlawo kple ame gblẽkuwo. (Samuel I, 2:12-17, 22-29; Yeremya 5:31; Maleaxi 2:8, 9) Le Helatɔwo ƒe dziɖuɣi la, nunɔla geɖe va gbɔdzɔ subɔsubɔnuwɔna aɖewo me. Le ƒe alafa evelia D.M.Ŋ. me la, Farisitɔwo—si nye ƒuƒoƒo yeye aɖe le Yuda-subɔsubɔ me si me tɔwo meka ɖe nunɔlawo dzi o—te kɔnyinyi aɖewo ɖoɖo anyi siwo dzi ame tsɛwo awɔ ɖo abu wo ɖokui be yewole kɔkɔe de nunɔlawo nu. Kɔnyinyi siawo dze ame geɖe ŋu, gake wonye nu masɔmasɔ aɖewo siwo wotsɔ kpe ɖe Sea ŋu.—Mose V, 4:2; 13:1.

Farisitɔwo va zu Sea nyala yeyewo, eye wova nɔ dɔ siwo wosusu be nunɔlawo menɔ wɔwɔm o wɔm. Esi Mose ƒe Sea mena ŋusẽ aɖeke wo o ta la, woto Ŋɔŋlɔawo me ɖeɖe ƒe mɔnu yeye aɖewo vɛ siwo me wogblɔa nyaawo wo gɔmesese sesẽna eye wogazãa mɔnu bubu siwo wɔ abe ɖe wode woƒe nukpɔsusuwo dzi ene.a Esi woawo koŋue nye kɔnyinyi siawo dzikpɔlawo kple wo fialawo ta la, wova zu ŋusẽtɔ yeye aɖewo le Israel. Va ɖo ƒe alafa gbãtɔ M.Ŋ. me la, Farisitɔwo va zu ƒuƒoƒo sẽŋu aɖe le Yuda-subɔsubɔ me.

Esi Farisitɔwo ƒo kɔnyinyi siwo wogblɔna kple nu ko siwo li xoxo nu ƒu eye wodi nusiwo Ŋɔŋlɔawo gblɔ tso wo ŋu be woakpɔ nane le wo me atsɔ aɖo kpe woƒe nyawo dzii la, wova kpɔe be ehiã be yewoatsɔ yewo ŋutɔ ƒe kɔ bubuwo akpee. Wova to nufiafia yeye aɖe si ku ɖe afisi kɔnyinyi siawo dzɔ tso ŋu vɛ. Rabiwo va te nufiafia be: “Mose xɔ Torah la le Sinai-toa dzi eye wòtsɔe de asi na Yosua, Yosua hã tsɔe na ame tsitsiawo, eye ame tsitsiawo tsɔe na nyagblɔɖilawo. Eye nyagblɔɖilawo tsɔe na amehaawo me tɔwo.”—Avot 1:1, Mishnah.

Esi rabiawo gblɔ be “Mose xɔ Torah” la, menye se siwo woŋlɔ ƒe nya ko gblɔm wonɔ o ke kɔnyinyi siwo katã wogblɔna kple nu ko hã le eme. Wogblɔna be Mawue tsɔ kɔnyinyiawo—siwo amewo to vɛ eye wotrɔ asi le wo ŋu—na Mose le Sinai-toa dzi. Eye wofiaa nu be Mawu megblẽe ɖe amewo si me be woaɖe wo me o, ke boŋ nu koe wòtsɔ gblɔ nusiwo womeŋlɔ ɖe Sea me o. Le woƒe nya nu la, Mose tu kɔnyinyi siawo ƒe xo na dzidzime siwo kplɔe ɖo, eye menye nunɔlawoe wòtu xoa na o ke na kplɔla bubuwo. Farisitɔwo ŋutɔwo ƒu asi akɔ be yewoe nye tatɔ siawo ƒe dzidzime si “tsiã ɖe enu” domenyilawo le ɖoɖoa nu.

Se la Ðo Xaxa Me—Egbɔkpɔnu Yeye

Yesu, amesi xɔ ŋusẽ tso Mawu gbɔ gake Yudatɔ subɔsubɔhakplɔlawo tɔ gbee la, gblɔe ɖi be woatsrɔ̃ gbedoxɔa. (Mateo 23:37–24:2) Esi Romatɔwo tsrɔ̃ gbedoxɔa le ƒe 70 M.Ŋ. me vɔ la, vɔwo sasa kple nunɔlawo ƒe dɔwo wɔwɔ si wobia le Mose ƒe Sea me maganya wɔ o. Mawu nɔ te ɖe Yesu ƒe tafevɔsaa dzi wɔ nubabla yeye. (Luka 22:20) Wowu Mose ƒe Se ƒe nubablaa nu.—Hebritɔwo 8:7-13.

Le esi teƒe be Farisitɔwo nakpɔ nudzɔdzɔ siawo be wonye kpeɖodzi be Yesue nye Mesia la, wodi egbɔkpɔnu bubu boŋ. Woʋli ŋusẽ geɖe le nunɔlawo si xoxo. Esi wotsrɔ̃ gbedoxɔa la, nu bubu gali woagate ŋu awɔ. Rabiwo ƒe suku si nɔ Yavneh va zu afisi wogbugbɔ ɖo Sanhedrin—si nye Yudatɔwo ƒe ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒe kɔkɔtɔ—anyi le. Yohanan ben Zakkai kple Gamaliel II nɔ wo nu le Yavneh wotrɔ Yuda-subɔsubɔ keŋkeŋ gbugbɔ ɖoe anyi. Dɔ siwo rabiwo nɔ ŋgɔ wowɔna le ƒuƒoƒea va xɔ ɖe gbedoxɔ me subɔsubɔ si dzi nunɔlawo kpɔna teƒe. Gbedodoɖawo, vevietɔ esiwo wodona ɖa le Avuléŋkekea dzi, va xɔ ɖe vɔsawo teƒe. Farisitɔwo gblɔ be nusiae wokpɔ do ŋgɔ tae wotsɔ kɔnyinyi siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko na Mose le Sinai-toa dzi hewɔ ɖoɖo ɖe eŋu.

Rabiwo ƒe nusrɔ̃ƒeawo gava xɔ ŋkɔ ɖe edzi. Woƒe nusrɔ̃ɖoɖo koŋue nye numedzodzro detowo wɔwɔ, nyaléleɖetame, kple alesi woawɔ se siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko dzii. Gbã la, Ŋɔŋlɔawo me ɖeɖe—Midrash—dzie wotu se siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko la ɖo. Azɔ la, wova nɔ kɔnyinyi siwo nɔ agbɔ sɔm ɖe edzi kokoko la fiam eye wonɔ wo nu ƒom ƒu ɖe ɖoɖo vovovo me. Wova gbugbɔ gɔmesese si le ɖoɖo ɖesiaɖe si wogblɔ kple nu ŋu gblɔ kpokploe wòzu nyagbe kpui si woate ŋu alé ɖe tame, eye wotsɔnɛ kpaa hae zi geɖe.

Nukata Wòhiã be Woaŋlɔ Se Siwo Wogblɔ Kple Nu Ko Ði?

Rabi-sukuwo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ kple rabiwo ƒe nyagɔmeɖeɖe gbogboawo va he kuxi yeye vɛ. Rabi agbalẽnyala Adin Steinsaltz ɖe nu me be: “Nufiala ɖesiaɖe kple mɔnu si le esi eye eɖea ɖoɖo siwo wogblɔ kple nu me le atsyã si dze eya ŋutɔ ŋu nu. . . . Ame ŋutɔ ƒe nufiala ƒe nufiafiawo nyanya ɖeɖeko megasɔ gbɔ o, eye ele na nusrɔ̃via be wòanya nufiala bubuwo ƒe nufiafia hã . . . Eyata ezii ɖe nusrɔ̃viawo dzi be woalé nya gbogbo aɖewo ɖe tame le ‘sidzedze gbagoa’ ta.” Le nufiafia gbogbo manyatalenuawo ta la, agba va te ɖe nusrɔ̃via ƒe susu dzi wòglo.

Le ƒe alafa evelia M.Ŋ. me la, aglã si Bar Kokhba nɔ ŋgɔ na Yudatɔwo wodze ɖe Roma ŋu wɔe be wova ti rabi agbalẽnyalawo yome vevie. Wowu Akiba—rabi vevitɔ si de Bar Kokhba dzi—kpakple agbalẽnyala ŋkuta geɖe. Vɔvɔ̃ va ɖo rabiawo be yewoƒe ɖoɖo siwo wogblɔna kple nu ko ava ɖo afɔku me ne yometitia gava dze egɔme. Woxɔe se tsã be nu nyuitɔe nye be nufiala natu kɔnyinyiwo ƒe xo na nusrɔ̃vi tẽ, gake nɔnɔmeawo ƒe tɔtrɔ wɔe be wova dze agbagba geɖe be woawɔ ɖoɖo nyui aɖe si akpɔ nunyala deŋgɔwo ƒe nufiafiawo ta, ne menye nenema o la, woava ŋlɔ wo be kura.

Le ƒe siwo kplɔe ɖo siwo me wonɔ ŋutifafa me vie kple Roma me la, Judah Ha-Nasi si nye rabi vevi aɖe le ƒe alafa evelia M.Ŋ. ƒe nuwuwu lɔƒo kple ƒe alafa etɔ̃lia M.Ŋ. ƒe gɔmedzedze lɔƒo ƒo agbalẽnyala geɖe nu ƒu eye woto kɔnyinyi gbogbo aɖewo siwo wogblɔna kple nu ko me heɖo wo ɖe ɖoɖo nyui aɖe si me Memamã ade le la me, eye wogbugbɔ mã ɖesiaɖe me ɖe akpa suesuewo me—wo katã va nye 63. Nusiae wova yɔ be Mishnah. Ephraim Urbach si nya kɔnyinyi siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko me nyuie la gblɔ be: “Woda asi ɖe Mishnah la . . . dzi eye wode bubu eŋu ale gbegbe be menɔ nenema le agbalẽ bubu aɖeke gome o negbe Torah la dzaa ko.” Wogbe Mesia la, wogbã gbedoxɔa, gake esi woŋlɔ se siwo wogblɔ kple nu ko ɖi wokpɔtɔ li si nye Mishnah la ta la, enye azã yeye woto vɛ le Yuda-subɔsubɔ me.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 26]

Nukata Yudatɔ geɖe gbe ŋusẽ si le Yesu si?