Ta 2

Mawusubɔsubɔ—Aleke Wòdze Egɔmee?

1, 2. Nukae wode dzesii ku ɖe blemaŋutinya kple xexeame ƒe subɔsubɔha vovovowo ŋu?

MAWUSUBƆSUBƆ ƒe ŋutinya kple amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutinyae dzɔ zi ɖeka. Nenemae blemanukulawo kple dzɔƒeŋutinunyalawo gblɔ na mí. Tadedeagu ƒomevi aɖe ŋuti ɖaseɖiɖi dze le amesiwo ƒe “ŋku meʋu kura o,” si gɔmee nye, dukɔ siwo me ŋgɔyinuwo mele o, gɔ̃ hã dome. Le nyateƒe me la, The New Encyclopædia Britannica gblɔ be “afisi ke agbalẽnyalawo ƒe numekukuwo ke ɖe nu ŋu se ɖo la fia be dukɔ aɖeke menɔ anyi kpɔ le afi aɖeke, le ɣeaɖekeɣi kpɔ si me mawusubɔsubɔ aɖekeɖeke mele o.”

² Hekpe ɖe eƒe anyinɔnɔ tso gbaɖegbe ʋĩ ke ŋu la, vovototo gã aɖe hã le mawusubɔsubɔ me. Borneo-avetsu me ametatsolawo, Eskimotɔ (anyigba fafa dzinɔlawo) siwo le Artik-nuto si me fa miamiamia me, lãkplɔla tsatsala siwo le Sahara Gbedadaƒo, dugãmetɔ siwo le xexeame ƒe du gãtɔwo me—dukɔ sia dukɔ kple anyigba sia anyigba ƒe mawu alo mawuwo le wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe si kpakple alesi wosubɔa woe. Vovototo siwo le mawusubɔsubɔ me la gɔme sese goglo ŋutɔ.

3. Xexeamesubɔsubɔhawo ŋuti nyabiabia kawo mee wòle be míadzro?

³ Eyata enye nusi me susu le be nyabiabiawo vaa susu me na mí. Afikae subɔsubɔha siawo katã tso? Esi vovototo gãwo kple nusiwo me woɖi wo nɔewo le la le wo ŋu ta la, ɖe wòanye be ɖesiaɖe dze egɔme le eɖokui sia, alo ɖe wòate ŋu anye be wo katãe dzɔ tso teƒe ɖekaa? Le nyateƒe me, míabia be: Nuka koŋ tae wodze mawusubɔsubɔ gɔme ɖo ya? Eye aleke wòdze egɔmee? Biabia siawo ƒe ŋuɖoɖowo hiã vevie na amesiame si di be yeake ɖe nyateƒe si ku ɖe mawusubɔsubɔ kple subɔsubɔhawo ƒe dzixɔsewo ŋu la.

Nyabiabia si Ku Ðe Eƒe Dzɔtsoƒe Ŋu

4. Nukae míenya tso subɔsubɔha geɖewo ɖolawo ŋu?

⁴ Ne eɖo dzɔtsoƒe ŋuti nyabiabia la dzi la, subɔsubɔha vovovo me tɔwo ƒe susu yia amesiawo, abe Muḥammad, Buddha la, Konfusio [Confucius], kple Yesu ene dzi. Le subɔsubɔha ɖesiaɖe kloe me la, míate ŋu ake ɖe ame aɖe ŋu si wobuna be eyae ɖo ‘xɔse vavãtɔ’ anyi. Amesiawo dometɔ aɖewo nye tɔtrɔwɔla siwo tsi tre ɖe legbasubɔsubɔ kple ɖoɖo xoxo siwo nɔ anyi tsã la ŋu. Bubuwo nye agbenyuinɔnɔ ŋuti nufialawo. Bubuwo hã nye ɖokuitɔmadila siwo woƒe dukɔmeviwo bu ame ŋkutawoe. Wo dometɔ geɖe gblẽ nuŋɔŋlɔ alo nyagbɔgblɔ aɖewo ɖi siwo va zu gɔmeɖoanyi na subɔsubɔha yeye aɖe. Esime ɣeyiɣiawo va nɔ yiyim la, wotrɔ asi le nusiwo wogblɔ kple nusiwo wowɔ la ŋu, woɖe ami ɖe wo, eye wobu wo be wonye nya ɣaɣlawo. Wotsɔ kplɔla siawo dometɔ aɖewo wɔ mawuwoe gɔ̃ hã.

5, 6. Aleke subɔsubɔha geɖe dze egɔmee?

⁵ Togbɔ be wobu amesiawo be woawoe nye subɔsubɔha gã siwo míenya la ɖolawo hã la, ele be míade dzesii be le nyateƒe me la, menye woawoe to mawusubɔsubɔ vɛ o. Le wo dometɔ geɖe gome la, woƒe nufiafiawo nye mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe nukpɔsusu siwo li xoxo la ƒe tutuɖedzi, togbɔ be haɖola siawo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ gblɔ be Mawu ƒe gbɔgbɔe ʋã yewo gake. Alo wowɔ tɔtrɔ le subɔsubɔhanuɖoanyi siwo li siwo ƒe nuwɔna megadze ame ŋu o le mɔ aɖe nu la ŋu hetrɔ asi le wo ŋu vie.

⁶ Le kpɔɖeŋu me, abe alesi tututu ŋutinya gblɔe ene la, Buddha nye amegã aɖe si dzi fukpekpe kple nɔnɔme wɔnublanui siwo me etɔ siwo ƒe akpa gãtɔ nye Hindutɔwo le la te ɖo. Eƒe agbagbadzedze be yeakpɔ goléƒe na agbemekuxi siwo tea ame ɖe anyi lae to Buddha-subɔsubɔ vɛ. Nenema ke trɔ̃subɔsubɔ kple agbegbegblẽnɔnɔ si Muḥammad kpɔ le mawusubɔsubɔnuwɔna siwo ƒo xlãe me la ɖe fu nɛ vevie ŋutɔ. Emegbe egblɔ be yexɔ ɖeɖefia tɔxɛwo tso Mawu gbɔ, eye esiawoe nye nya siwo le Qur’ān la, si dzi wotu subɔsubɔha yeye si nye Islām ɖo la me. Protestant-subɔsubɔha dzɔ tso Katoliko-ha me le Ðɔɖɔɖo siwo dze egɔme le ƒe alafa 16 lia gɔmedzeɣi me la me, esime Martin Luther tsi tre ɖe nuvɔ̃tsɔtsɔke si Katoliko-ha la nɔ dzadzram ɣemaɣi la ŋuti.

7. Mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti biabia kae gahiã na ŋuɖoɖo kokoko?

⁷ Eyata le subɔsubɔha siwo li fifia gome la, nyatakaka siwo ku ɖe woƒe dzɔtsoƒe, alesi wowɔ keke ta, amesiwo ɖo wo, woƒe agbalẽ kɔkɔewo, kple nya bubuwo ŋu la bɔ fũ. Ke subɔsubɔha siwo do ŋgɔ na wo ya ɖe? Eye esiwo nɔ anyi do ŋgɔ na emawo kura gɔ̃ hã ɖe? Ne míeyi megbemegbe ʋĩ le ŋutinya me la, míava ke ɖe nyabiabia sia ŋu godoo be, Aleke mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ? Eme kɔ be bene míakpɔ biabia ma ƒe ŋuɖoɖo la, ele be míato subɔsubɔha vovovoawo ŋu ayi megbe ʋĩ.

Eŋuti Nufiafia Geɖewo

8. Nɔnɔme kae amewo ɖe fia ɖe mawusubɔsubɔ ŋu ƒe alafa geɖewo?

⁸ Ne wotsɔe sɔ kple nusɔsrɔ̃ bubuwo la, mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe dzɔtsoƒe kple alesi wòwɔ keke ta ŋuti nusɔsrɔ̃ la nye nu yeye. Ƒe alafa geɖee nye sia si ame akpa gãtɔ xɔ subɔsubɔha ƒe kɔnyinyi si me wodzi wo ɖo henyi wo le la. Nusiwo me wo tɔgbuiwo ɖe na wo la dze wo dome ame akpa gãtɔ ŋu eye woxɔe se be eyae nye nyateƒe la. Ƒã hafi ame aɖe nasusu be ele be yeake ɖi nya aɖe, eye womesena le wo ɖokui me be ehiã be yewoaku alesi nuwo dze egɔmee, ɣeyiɣi si wòdze egɔme, kple nusitae la me o. Le nyateƒe me la, le ƒe alafa geɖe me, esime mɔzɔzɔ kple nuƒokadodowo mebɔ o la, ame ʋee aɖewo koe nya gɔ̃ hã be subɔsubɔnuɖoanyi bubuwo ganɔ anyi.

9. Tso ƒe alafa 19 lia me la, agbagba kawoe wodze be woake ɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ la ŋu?

⁹ Gake nuwo dze tɔtrɔ gɔme le ƒe alafa 19 lia me. Nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ ƒe nufiafia nɔ aƒe xɔm kabakaba ɖe agbalẽnyalawo dome. Nufiafia ma kple dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe numekuku si do yeyee la na ame geɖe dze ɖeklemi ɖeɖe nuɖoanyi siwo dzi wolɔ̃ ɖo, siwo dome mawusubɔsubɔ hã le la. Esi agbalẽnyalawo kpɔe dze sii be kpekpeɖeŋu vi aɖe koe yewoate ŋu akpɔ le mawusubɔsubɔ si nɔ anyi ɣemaɣi me ta la, wo dometɔ aɖewo trɔ ɖe blemaŋkuʋuʋu ƒe nu tsianyiwo alo ɖe xexeame ƒe didiƒewo ke siwo nye afisiwo ŋkumaʋumaʋu gakpɔtɔ nɔ la ŋu. Wodze agbagba zã nɔnɔmeŋutinunya, hadomegbenɔnɔŋutinunya, kple amedzɔtsoƒeŋutinunya kpakple sidzedze bubuwo ɖe wo ŋu kple susu be yewoake ɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ dze egɔmee kple nusitae wòdze egɔme la ŋu.

10. Nukae do tso nusiwo me woku tso mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋu la me?

¹⁰ Nukae do tso eme? Nufiafia geɖewo do kpoyi—ewɔ abe alesi numekulawo sɔ gbɔe la, nenemae nufiafiawo hã sɔ gbɔe ene—eye numekula ɖesiaɖe ƒe nufiafia tsi tre ɖe nɔvia tɔ ŋu; amesiame dzea agbagba be ye tɔ nato ye nɔvi tɔ ŋu le kalẽwɔwɔ kple gbãtɔnyenye gome. Numekula siawo dometɔ geɖewo ke ɖe nyataƒoƒo veviwo ŋu; gake woŋlɔ ame bubuwo tɔ ya be. Numekuku sia metsonu nyanya dzia sidzedze ɖe edzi eye wòkɔa nu me na ame hã. Akpe ɖe mía ŋu míase nɔnɔme si amesiwo míedoa goe la ɖena fiana le mawusubɔsubɔ me la gɔme.

11. Ðe luʋɔsubɔsubɔ ƒe nufiafia la me.

¹¹ Eŋlisi amedzɔtsoƒeŋutinunyala Edward Tylor (ƒe 1832-1917) do nufiafia si woyɔna be luʋɔsubɔsubɔ la ɖa. Edo susu ɖa be nudzɔdzɔ siawo abe drɔ̃ewo, ŋutegawo, nusi meli ŋutɔŋutɔ o kpɔkpɔ, kple alesi agbe menɔa ame kukuwo me o la na blematɔwo ƒo nya ta be luʋɔ (Latingbe, anima) aɖe nɔa ŋutilã la me. Nufiafia sia gblɔ be esi wokua drɔ̃e woƒe lɔlɔ̃tɔ siwo ku edziedzi ta la, wotsɔe be luʋɔ aɖe yia edzi nɔa agbe le ku megbe eye be edoa go le ŋutilã la me va nɔa atiwo, agakpewo, tɔsisiwo, kple nu bubuwo me. Mlɔeba la, wova subɔa ame kukuawo kple nusiwo me wogblɔ be luʋɔwo va nɔna la abe mawuwo ene. Tylor gblɔ be nenemae mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ.

12. Ðe gbɔgbɔsubɔsubɔ ƒe nufiafia la me.

¹² Eŋlisi amedzɔtsoƒeŋutinunyala bubu si nye R. R. Marett (ƒe 1866-1943) do luʋɔsubɔsubɔ ŋuti nufiafia si ŋu wòtrɔ asi le wu si wòyɔ be gbɔgbɔsubɔsubɔ la ɖa. Esi Marett srɔ̃ nu le Melanesiatɔ siwo le Pasifik-ƒukpowo dzi kple Afrikatɔ kpakple Amerikatɔ gbãtɔwo ƒe dzixɔsewo ŋu vɔ la, eƒo nya ta be le esi teƒe be blematɔwo nasusui be luʋɔ le amesiame si la, woxɔe se boŋ be ŋusẽ aɖe si si amenyenye mele o alo ŋusẽ si wu dzɔdzɔme tɔ la dea agbe nusianu me; dzixɔse ma de bubu deto kple vɔvɔ̃ ame me eye eyae va zu nusi dzi blematɔwo tu woƒe mawusubɔsubɔ ɖo. Le Marett gome la, mawusubɔsubɔ nye amegbetɔ ƒe seselelãmenu wɔwɔ ko ɖe nusi mele nyanya nɛ o la ŋu. Nya si wòlɔ̃a gbɔgblɔ vevie nye “woɖua ɣe ɖe [mawusubɔsubɔ ŋu] wu alesi wobua eŋue.”

13. Mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti nufiafia kae James Frazer do ɖa?

¹³ Le ƒe 1890 me la, James Frazer (ƒe 1854-1941) si nye Scotlandtɔ bibi aɖe si nya blematɔwo ƒe kɔnuwo la ta agbalẽ xɔŋkɔ si nye The Golden Bough si me wògblɔ le be mawusubɔsubɔ dzɔ tso kunyawɔwɔ me. Frazer gblɔ be gbã la, amegbetɔ dze agbagba be yeakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ye ŋutɔ yeƒe agbe kple nuto si me yele la dzi to dzɔdzɔmenuwo ƒe nuwɔna siwo wòkpɔna la sɔsrɔ̃ dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, esusu be yeate ŋu ayɔ tsidzadza ne yewu tsi ɖe anyi heƒo ʋu siwo ɖina sesĩe abe dziɖegbe ene alo be yeate ŋu awɔ nu yeƒe futɔ ne yetsɔ abui tɔ eƒe nɔnɔmetata. Esia mee kɔnuwɔwɔwo, gbesawo, kple kunyawɔnuwo zazã le agbemenu geɖe me dzɔ tso. Esi nusiawo mete ŋu wɔ dɔ tututu abe alesi wòsusui ene o la, etrɔ ɖe akɔ fafa na ŋusẽ siwo de ŋgɔ wu amegbetɔ tɔ ŋu hedi woƒe kpekpeɖeŋu, le esi teƒe be wòadze agbagba akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wo dzi. Kɔnuawo kple hadzidziawo va trɔ zu vɔsawo kple gbedodoɖawo, eye aleae mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ. Frazer ƒe nyawo gblɔ be mawusubɔsubɔ nye “avu léle le amegbetɔ kple ŋusẽ siwo kɔkɔ wui dome alo wo dome dzadzra ɖo.”

14. Aleke Sigmund Freud ɖe alesi subɔsubɔha wɔ va dzɔ mee?

¹⁴ Austriatɔ susuŋutinunyala xɔŋkɔ Sigmund Freud (ƒe 1856-1939) gɔ̃ hã dze agbagba be yeaɖe alesi subɔsubɔha wɔ dzɔ la gɔme le eƒe agbalẽ si nye Totem and Taboo me. Le dɔ si Freud wɔna nu la, eɖe eme be blematɔwo ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ dzɔ tso vɔvɔ̃ na amesi ƒe ŋusẽ de ŋgɔ wu ame tɔ la ƒe fuɖename me. Efia nu be, abe alesi wòle le gbesɔwo kple nyiwo gome ene la, vifofoe kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe amewo dzi le blematɔwo dome. Viawo, siwo lé fu wo fofo gake wogalɔ̃e le ɣeyiɣi ma ke me la dze aglã eye wowu wo fofo. Freud gblɔ be, bene ŋusẽ si le wo fofo si nasu wo si ta la, ‘amelãɖula gbemelãnuwɔla siawo ɖu wo fofoa ƒe lã.’ Emegbe esi wòve wo ta la, woto ɖoɖowo kple kɔnuwo vɛ be yewoatsɔ alé avu le nusi yewowɔ la ŋu. Le Freud ƒe nufiafia nu la, amesi ƒe ŋusẽ de ŋgɔ wu ame susɔeawo tɔ la va zu Mawu, ɖoɖoawo kple kɔnuawo va zu blematɔwo ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ, eye wo fofo si wowu la ɖuɖu va zu kplɔ̃ŋudede si le subɔsubɔha geɖewo me.

15. Nukae dzɔ ɖe nufiafia siwo wodo ɖa ku ɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ ŋuti la dometɔ geɖe dzi?

¹⁵ Míate ŋu agblɔ nufiafia siwo me wodze agbagba le be woaɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ me la ƒe bubu geɖe. Gake woŋlɔ wo dometɔ geɖe be, eye wo dometɔ aɖeke meɖe dzesi koŋ abe esi dzi woate ŋu aka ɖo alo esi dzi wolɔ̃ ɖo ene o. Nukatae? Kpuie ko la, esi ŋutinya me ɖaseɖiɖi alo kpeɖodzi aɖeke meli be nyateƒee nufiafia siawo nye o tae. Wonye numekula aɖe ƒe nuŋububu alo nyagblɔkpɔ ko, mexɔa ɣeyiɣi aɖeke hafi bubu si wogado ɖa va xɔna ɖe eteƒe o.

Gɔmeɖokpe si Ŋu Vodada Le

16. Nukatae numekuku siwo wowɔ ƒe geɖe la mete ŋu ɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ me o?

¹⁶ Le nya sia léle kpɔ ƒe geɖe megbe la, ame geɖe ƒo nya ta azɔ be esesẽ ŋutɔ be woakpɔ ŋuɖoɖo na nyabiabia si ku ɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ la ŋu. Nusitae nye be gbã la, blematɔwo ƒe ƒuwo kple woƒe nu tsianyiwo megblɔa alesi ame mawo bua tamee, nusiwo wovɔ̃na na, alo nusitae wosubɔa mawu la na mí o. Ne nya siwo katã ta woƒo le blemanu mawo ŋu la nyo ƒã hã la, agbalẽnyalawo ƒe nyagblɔkpɔwo koe wonye. Eveliae nye be amesiwo wobuna egbea be wonye ame maʋuŋkuwo, abe ame gbãtɔ siwo koŋ nye Australiatɔwo ene, ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ menye nusi ŋu kakaɖedzi le si dzi woanɔ te ɖo kokoko agblɔ nusi blematɔwo wɔ kple nusi wosusu o. Ame aɖeke mate ŋu aka ɖe edzi be woƒe agbenɔnɔ trɔ le ƒe alafawo me alo metrɔ o kple ne etrɔ la, alesi wòtrɔe o.

17. (a) Nukae egbegbe subɔsubɔhawo ƒe ŋutinyaŋlɔlawo nya? (b) Nukae dze abe eya ŋu koŋ ye wotsia dzi ɖo ne wole ŋku lém ɖe subɔsubɔhawo ŋu?

¹⁷ Le kakaɖedzi manɔanyi siawo ta la, agbalẽ si nye World Religions—From Ancient History to the Present ƒo nya ta be “egbegbe subɔsubɔhawo ŋutinyanyala nya be womate ŋu ake ɖe alesi mawusubɔsubɔ wɔ va dzɔ ŋu o.” Gake agbalẽa gblɔ nya sia tso ŋutinyanyalawo ƒe agbagbadzedzeawo ŋu be: “Le ɣeyiɣi siwo va yi me la, menye mawusubɔsubɔ gɔme ɖeɖe alo eɖɔɖɔ ŋu koe nugɔmekula geɖe ŋutɔ tsi dzi ɖo o ke boŋ wodi be yewoagblɔ nya aɖe ko atsɔ aɖe ta le eme, wosusuna be ne yewoɖee fia be beble dzie wotu blema tɔwo ɖo la ava gblẽ nu le mawusubɔsubɔ siwo dzɔ emegbe eye wode ŋgɔ wu la ŋu.”

18. (a) Nukatae nugɔmekula geɖe mete ŋu ɖe afisi mawusubɔsubɔ dzɔ tso la me o? (b) Nukae dze abe eya koŋ ye nɔ susu me na mawusubɔsubɔmekula “dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo” ene?

¹⁸ Nusi akpe ɖe mía ŋu be míanya nusitae “dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya” ƒe mawusubɔsubɔdzɔtsoƒe gɔmekulawo mete ŋu ke ɖe numeɖeɖe si me susu le ŋu o la dze le nya mamle ma me. Nugɔmesese fia mí be ne ŋgɔdonya sɔ ko hafi woate ŋu ake ɖe nyataƒonya si sɔ ŋu. Ne wotsɔ nyagbɔgblɔ si me vodada le dze nya gɔmee la, asesẽ hafi woake ɖe nyataƒonya si sɔ ŋu. “Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya” ƒe nugɔmekulawo ƒe kpododonu zi geɖe be woakpɔ numeɖeɖe si me susu le la wɔe be wokea ɖi le nyagbɔgblɔ siwo dzi wotu woƒe nukpɔsusuwo ɖo la ŋu vevie. Esi wònye nusi nɔ susu me na wo xoxo hafi lae wokplɔ ɖo ta la, esi wonɔ agbagba dzem be ‘yewoagblɔ nya aɖe ko atsɔ aɖe ta le mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe nya la me’ la, wote kpɔ be yewoagblɔ nya aɖe atsɔ aɖe ta le Mawu hã te.

19. Nukae nye gɔmeɖokpe vevi aɖe si dzi woanɔ te ɖo awɔ dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe numekuku siwo akpɔ dzidzedze la? Taflatse gblɔ eƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖe.

¹⁹ Míate ŋu atsɔ nɔnɔmea asɔ kple mɔ geɖe siwo nu ɣletivimenunyala siwo nɔ anyi do ŋgɔ na ƒe alafa 16 lia dze agbagba be yewoaɖe alesi ɣletinyigbawo zɔnae la gɔme. Nufiafia geɖewo nɔ anyi, gake wo dometɔ aɖeke mesɔ tututu o. Nukatae? Elabena wotu wo ɖe nusi wosusu dzi be anyigba lae le titina na xexeame katã eye ɣletiviwo kple ɣletinyigbawo ƒoa xlãe. Womewɔ ŋgɔyiyi ŋutɔŋutɔ aɖeke o vaseɖe esime dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo—kple Katoliko-ha la—lɔ̃ ɖe nyateƒea dzi be anyigba mele titina na xexeame godoo o ke boŋ eƒoa xlã ɣea, esi le titina na ɣletinyigba bubuwo. Alesi nufiafia gbogboawo do kpo nui la na be amesiwo lɔ̃na faa xɔa ame bubuwo ƒe nukpɔsusu la gagbugbɔ lé ŋku ɖe woƒe numekukuawo ŋu, ke menye be woato nufiafia yeye vɛ o. Eye emae na wokpɔ dzidzedze.

20. (a) Nukae nye nyagbɔgblɔ si me vodada le si dzi wotu “dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya” ƒe numekuku tso mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋu la ɖo? (b) Nuhiahiã vevi ka ƒe nyae Voltaire gblɔ?

²⁰ Míate ŋu azã gɔmeɖose ma ke le mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe dzɔtsoƒe me kuku me. Esi mawudzimaxɔse bɔ eye ame geɖe lɔ̃ ɖe nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ ƒe nufiafia dzi ta la, ame geɖe tsɔe ko be Mawu meli o. Esi wonɔ te ɖe susu sia dzi ta la, wose le wo ɖokui me be amegbetɔ ŋutɔ me koe woate ŋu akpɔ nusi gbɔ mawusubɔsubɔ tso la me ɖeɖe le—le eƒe tamebubu, eƒe nuhiahiãwo, nusiwo wòvɔ̃na, “nusiwo ɖea fu nɛ” me. Voltaire gblɔ be, “Ne Mawu meli o la, ekema ahiã be woatoe vɛ”; eyata wogblɔna be amee to Mawu vɛ.—Kpɔ aɖaka si le axa 28 la.

21. Nyataƒoƒo si me susu le kae míate ŋu awɔ le alesi mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti nufiafia geɖeawo do kpo nui la ŋu?

²¹ Esi nufiafia vovovoawo do kpo ŋuɖoɖo si naa dzidzeme ame kpɔkpɔ la, ɖe game mesu be míagbugbɔ alé ŋku ɖe nyagbɔgblɔ si dzi wotu numekuku siawo ɖo ŋu oa? Le esi míanɔ hloloe maɖevi tsom to mɔ xoxo ma ke dzi la, ɖe susu manɔ eme be míadi ŋuɖoɖoa le afi bubu oa? Ne míelɔ̃ be míase ame bubuwo ƒe nukpɔsusu la, ekema míalɔ̃ ɖe edzi be esia wɔwɔ anye nusi me susu le eye wòsɔ ɖe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya nu hã. Eye kpɔɖeŋu sia tɔgbe tututu le mía si si akpe ɖe mía ŋu be míakpɔ alesi susu le esia wɔwɔ mee.

Blema Numekuku Aɖe

22. Aleke Atenetɔwo ƒe mawuwo ŋu nufiafia gbogboawo kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe alesi wodea ta agui la dzi?

²² Le Mía Ŋɔli ƒe ƒe alafa gbãtɔ me la, Atene si le Hela la nye du xɔŋkɔ aɖe le agbalẽsɔsrɔ̃ me. Gake amesiwo si nukpɔsusu vovovowo le la nɔ Atenetɔwo dome, abe Epikurotɔwo kple Stoatɔwo ene, eye wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe ƒe susu ku ɖe mawuwo ŋu to vovo. Nukpɔsusu vovovo siawo wɔe be wode ta agu na mawu vovovowo eye esia na mawusubɔsubɔmɔnu vovovowo to. Eyata legba kple gbedoxɔ siwo nye ame wɔwɔewo bɔ ɖe dua me fũ.—Dɔwɔwɔwo 17:16.

23. Nukpɔsusu si to vovo kura ku ɖe Mawu ŋu kae apostolo Paulo gblɔ na Atenetɔwo?

²³ Le ƒe 50 M.Ŋ. me lɔƒo la, Kristotɔ apostolo Paulo yi Atene eye wògblɔ nukpɔsusu si to vovo kura na Atenetɔwo. Egblɔ na wo be: “Mawu, si wɔ xexeame kple nusiwo katã le eme la, eya, esi wònye dziƒo kple anyigba ƒe Aƒetɔ la, menɔa gbedoxɔ, siwo wowɔ kple asiwo la me o; eye menye amewo ƒe asiwo hã wotsɔna subɔnɛ, abe ɖe nane le ehiãm ene o; esi eya ŋutɔ na agbe kple gbɔgbɔ kpakple nuwo katã amesiame.”—Dɔwɔwɔwo 17:24, 25.

24. Le nyateƒe me la, nuka gblɔm Paulo le na Atenetɔwo tso tadedeagu vavãtɔ ŋu?

²⁴ Ne míagblɔe bubui la, Paulo nɔ gbɔgblɔm na Atenetɔwo be nyateƒe Mawu si “wɔ xexeame kple nusiwo katã le eme” la menye nane si ame ŋutɔ ƒe susu gblɔ nɛ o, eye menye mɔ siwo amewo ato vɛ dzie woato asubɔe o. Mawusubɔsubɔ vavãtɔ menye ame ŋutɔ ɖeɖeko ƒe agbagba si amegbetɔ nadze be yeake ɖe susu me nuhiahiã aɖe ŋu alo atsɔ atsi vɔvɔ̃ nu o. Ke boŋ esi wònye nyateƒe Mawu lae nye Wɔla la, amesi na tamebubu kple nugɔmesese ƒe ŋutete ame ta la, enye nusi me susu le be Afia mɔ si dzi amegbetɔ ato ava ƒomedodo nyui me Kplii la hã. Paulo gblɔ be Mawu wɔe nenema tututu. “[Ewɔ] bena, amewo ƒe dukɔ sia dukɔ tso ʋu ɖeka me le anyigba la ƒe ŋku me; . . . bena woadi Mawu, ɖewo woatsa asi adze sii, eye woakpɔe mahĩ, wònye mele adzɔge tso mía dome amesiame gbɔ hafi o.”—Dɔwɔwɔwo 17:26, 27.

25. Ðe nya vevi si koŋ le Paulo ƒe nya si ku ɖe ameƒomea ƒe dzɔtsoƒe ŋu me la me.

²⁵ De dzesi nya vevi si Paulo gblɔ la be: Mawu “[wɔ] bena, amewo ƒe dukɔ sia dukɔ tso ʋu ɖeka me.” Togbɔ be amewo ƒe dukɔ geɖe le anyigba la katã dzi hã la, dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo nya be le nyateƒe me la, teƒe ɖekae ameƒomea katã dzɔ tso. Nukpɔsusu sia le vevie ŋutɔ, elabena efia be ne míegblɔ be ameƒomea katã dzɔ tso teƒe ɖeka la, ekema efia nu geɖe wu woƒe agbedzɔtsoƒe ƒe ƒomedodo kple ŋutinu siwo wotsɔ nyi domee la ko. Wodo ƒome le nu bubuwo hã me.

26. Nukae wonya tso gbegbɔgblɔ ŋu si ɖo kpe Paulo ƒe nyati vevia dzi?

²⁶ Le kpɔɖeŋu me, de dzesi nusi agbalẽ si nye Story of the World’s Worship la gblɔ tso amegbetɔ ƒe gbegbɔgblɔ ŋu. “Nya aɖe le amesiwo srɔ̃ xexeame ƒe gbegbɔgblɔwo eye wotsɔ wo sɔ kple wo nɔewo la si be woagblɔ, eye eyae nye be: Woate ŋu aƒo gbegbɔgblɔwo katã nu ƒu ɖe ƒomewo alo nuƒoƒo ƒe hatsotsowo me, eye wokpɔe be ƒome siawo katã dze egɔme tso afi ɖeka.” Ne míagblɔe bubui la, xexeame ƒe gbegbɔgblɔwo meto vovovoe le wo ɖokui si abe alesi nɔnɔmetɔtrɔfialawo dina be míaxɔ ase ene o. Wofiana be kpetomenɔla siwo le Afrika, Europa, kple Asia la dze nu ƒoƒo gɔme to gbetete kple xɔxlɔ̃ dzi eye mlɔeba wova to woawo ŋutɔwo ƒe gbe vɛ. Menye nenemae wònɔ o. Nyateƒe lae nye be “[wodze] egɔme tso afi ɖeka.”

27. Nukatae susu le eme be woasusui be amegbetɔ ƒe nukpɔsusu ku ɖe Mawu kple mawusubɔsubɔ ŋu la dzɔ tso teƒe ɖeka?

²⁷ Ne ele alea le gbegbɔgblɔ si nye nu tɔxɛ si ku ɖe amegbetɔ ko ŋu me la, ekema ɖe manye nusi me susu le be woasusui be ele be amegbetɔ ƒe nukpɔsusu ku ɖe Mawu ŋu hã nadze egɔme tso teƒe ɖeka oa? Ne míagblɔe la, mawusubɔsubɔ do ƒome kple tamebubu eye tamebubu do ƒome kple amegbetɔ ƒe nuƒoƒoŋutete. Menye ɖe míebe subɔsubɔhawo katã dzɔ tso subɔsubɔha ɖeka me o; ke boŋ nukpɔsusuawo kple dzixɔseawo adzɔ tso teƒe ɖeka aɖe, alo atso mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe susuwo tsoƒe ɖeka aɖe. Ðe esia ŋuti kpeɖodzi ƒe ɖaseɖiɖi aɖe lia? Eye ne nyateƒee be amegbetɔ ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ dzɔ tso teƒe ɖeka la, ke afikae wòanye? Aleke míawɔ anya?

Woto Vovo Gake Woɖi Wo Nɔewo

28. Aleke míate ŋu awɔ anya ne teƒe ɖekae xexeamesubɔsubɔhawo dzɔ tso?

²⁸ Míate ŋu ato mɔ si dzi gbeŋutinugɔmekulawo to kpɔ ŋuɖoɖo na woƒe biabiawo ku ɖe gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe dzɔtsoƒe ŋu la ke dzi ake ɖe ŋuɖoɖoa ŋu. Ne wotsɔ gbegbɔgblɔwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo hede dzesi wo me nya siwo ɖi wo nɔewo la, gbeŋutinugɔmekula ate ŋu aku nu me ayi keke afisi gbegbɔgblɔ vovovowo dzɔ tso ƒe agunu ke. Nenema ke ne míetsɔ subɔsubɔhawo sɔ kple wo nɔewo la, míate ŋu ado woƒe nufiafiawo, xotutuwo, kɔnyinyiwo, kɔnuwo, nuɖoanyiwo, kple bubuwo akpɔ be ɖe ka aɖe li si ŋu wo katã wole hã, eye ne ɖe li la, míakpɔ afisi ka ma akplɔ mí ayii.

29. Nuka woate ŋu agblɔ be eya gbɔe vovototo siwo le subɔsubɔhawo me la dometɔ geɖe tso?

²⁹ Le gota gome la, edze abe ɖe subɔsubɔha vovovo siwo li egbea la to vovo kura tso wo nɔewo gbɔ ene. Gake ne míeɖe nusiwo nye atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo ko kple nusiwo wotsɔ kpee emegbe la ɖa le wo ŋu, alo ne míeɖe nusiwo ɖe dzesi le wo ŋu le afisi wole ƒe yame ƒe dzoxɔxɔ, gbegbɔgblɔ, nɔnɔme siwo le afisi wodzɔ le, kple nusia tɔgbe bubuwo ɖa le wo ŋu la, alesi wo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ ɖi wo nɔewoe la wɔa nuku ŋutɔ.

30. Nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo kawoe nèkpɔ le Roma Katoliko-ha kple Buddha-ha dome?

³⁰ Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ame akpa gãtɔ asusu be subɔsubɔha eve aɖeke mate ŋu anɔ anyi siwo ato vovo tso wo nɔewo gbɔ sãa wu Roma Katoliko-ha si le Ɣetoɖoƒe kple Buddha-subɔsubɔha si le Ɣedzeƒe la o. Gake ne míeɖe vovototo siwo tso gbegbɔgblɔ kple dekɔnu gbɔ ɖa la, nukae míekpɔna? Ne míagblɔ nya la ŋutɔŋutɔ la, míalɔ̃ ɖe edzi be nu geɖe fũ ŋutɔ sɔ kple wo nɔewo le subɔsubɔha eveawo me. Kɔnyinyiwo kple kɔnuwɔwɔwo bɔ ɖe Katoliko-ha kple Hindu-subɔsubɔha siaa me. Esiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye bosomikaɖiwo zazã, lifi, tsi kɔkɔe, rosario, ame kɔkɔewo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo, gbedoɖahawo kple gbedoɖagbalẽwo, kple atitsogadzesi la kura gɔ̃ hã zazã. Nɔƒe siwo nye nunɔla saɖagaxɔmenɔlawo kple nyɔnununɔla saɖagaxɔmenɔlawo tɔ la le wo si eye woɖe dzesi le woƒe nunɔlawo ƒe trenɔnɔ, awu tɔxɛwo dodo, ŋkekenyuiwo, kple nuɖuɖu tɔxɛwo ɖuɖu me. Míegogo esiawo ƒe afi aɖeke kura o, gake esɔ gbɔ be míatsɔ awɔ kpɔɖeŋui. Nyabiabia lae nye be, Nukatae subɔsubɔha eve siwo dze abe ɖe woto vovo tso wo nɔewo gbɔ ŋutɔ ene la ɖi wo nɔewo le nu geɖe me alea gbegbe?

31. Nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo kawoe nèkpɔ le subɔsubɔha bubuwo dome?

³¹ Alesi subɔsubɔha eve siawo tsɔtsɔ sɔ kple wo nɔewo ɖe nu mee la, nenema ke wòanɔ ne míetsɔ subɔsubɔha bubuwo hã sɔ kple wo nɔewo. Ne míewɔ esia la, míakpɔ be nufiafia kple dzixɔse aɖewo le ɖeka le wo katã kloe me. Mía dometɔ akpa gãtɔ nya nufiafia siawo abe amegbetɔ ƒe luʋɔ makumaku, ame nyuiwo katã ƒe fetu xɔxɔ le dziƒo, ame vɔ̃ɖiwo ƒe fukpekpe mavɔ le ŋɔliwo de, ŋutiklɔdzo, mawuetɔ̃ƒokpli alo mawu geɖe ƒokpli, kple mawudada alo dziƒofianyɔnu si nye mawudada ene la. Le esiawo megbe la, xotutu kple glitoto aɖewo hã bɔ nenema ke. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, alesi Mawu ƒe amenuveve dzoe le amegbetɔ dzi le esi wòdze agbagba manɔsenu be makumakunyenye nasu ye si ta, alesi vɔsawo hiã hena avu léle le nuvɔ̃wo ŋui, agbeti aɖe, alo tɔsisi aɖe si ana woanɔ ɖekakpui me ɖaa la didi, mawu kple mawu-afã-amegbetɔ-afã siwo nɔ amegbetɔwo dome kpɔ hedzi vi siwo de ŋgɔ wu amegbetɔwo, kple afɔkutsiɖɔɖɔ si gblẽ nu le amegbetɔƒomea katã kloe ŋu la.a

32, 33. (a) Nya ta kae míate ŋu aƒo le nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo le xexeamesubɔsubɔhawo dome la ŋu? (b) Nyabiabia ka ŋue wòle be woaɖo?

³² Nya ka tae míate ŋu aƒo le esiawo katã me? Míede dzesii be amesiwo xɔ glitoto kple xotutu siawo dzi se la ƒe nɔƒewo didi boo tso wo nɔewo gbɔ. Woƒe agbenɔnɔ kple kɔnyinyiwo to vovo eye ɖesiaɖe le eɖokui si. Ƒomedodo aɖeke mele woƒe hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe kɔnuwo dome o. Gake ne eɖo woƒe mawusubɔsubɔhawo dzi la, woxɔ nufiafia mawo siwo ɖi wo nɔewo la dzi se. Togbɔ be menye amesiawo katãe xɔ nusiwo katã míeyɔ dzi se o hã la, wo katã woxɔ wo dometɔ aɖewo ya dzi se. Nyabiabia si vaa susu mee nye, Nukatae? Ewɔ abe ɖe subɔsubɔha ɖesiaɖe xɔ eƒe dzixɔse veviwo tso teƒe ɖeka ene, eye ame aɖewo tɔ sɔ gbɔ wu bubuwo tɔ. Esi ɣeyiɣiawo va nɔ yiyim la, woɖe ami ɖe gɔmedzenufiafia siawo hetrɔ asi le wo ŋu, eye nufiafia bubuwo dzɔ tso wo me. Gake gɔmeɖokpe si dzi wotu wo ɖo la dze kɔte.

³³ Gɔmesese le eŋu be nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo le xexeame ƒe subɔsubɔha vovovoawo ƒe nufiafia veviwo me la nye kpeɖodzi sẽŋu be wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe medze egɔme vovoe le eɖokui si o. Ke boŋ ne míeyi megbemegbe ʋĩ la, míakpɔe be woƒe nukpɔsusuwo atso teƒe ɖeka godoo. Eyae nye afika?

Dzidzɔ ƒe Gɔmedzeɣeyiɣi Aɖe

34. Amegbetɔ ƒe agbenɔnɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋu xotutu kae bɔ ɖe subɔsubɔha geɖe me?

³⁴ Adzɔ dzi na wò be nasee be xotutu siwo bɔ ɖe subɔsubɔha geɖe me la ƒe ɖekae nye be amegbetɔƒomea ƒe agbenɔnɔ dze egɔme le dzidzɔɣeyiɣi aɖe si me fɔɖiɖi menɔ ame ŋu o la me, enɔ anyi le dzidzɔ kple ŋutifafa me henɔ ƒomedodo kplikplikpli me kple Mawu, eye wòvo tso dɔléle kple ku si me. Togbɔ be numeɖeɖea ƒe akpa aɖewo ato vovo hã la, blibodede ƒe paradiso si nɔ anyi la ƒe nufiafia ma ke dze le subɔsubɔha geɖe ƒe agbalẽwo kple xotutuwo me.

35. Ƒo nu tso blema Zoroastatɔwo ƒe dzixɔse ku ɖe dzidzɔɣeyiɣi si nɔ anyi le gɔmedzedzea me ŋuti la ŋu.

³⁵ Avesta, si nye blema Persiatɔwo ƒe Zoroasta-subɔsubɔha la ƒe agbalẽ kɔkɔe la, ŋlɔ nu tso “ame dzɔdzɔe, Yima, alẽkplɔla nyui la,” si nye anyigbadzitɔ gbãtɔ si Ahura Mazda (wɔla la) ɖo dze kplii la ŋu. Ahura Mazda gblɔ nɛ be “nyi nye xexeame, ɖu edzi, eye nakpɔ edzi.” Be wòawɔ esia la, ele be wòakpa “Vara” si nye tomexɔ, “aɖe,” na nugbagbewo katã. “Ameteteɖeto alo tamevɔ̃ɖoɖo aɖeke menɔ eme o, lãdzɔdzɔ alo ŋutasesẽ aɖeke menɔ eme o, ahedada alo amebaba, ame beli alo nuwɔametɔ, aɖu gãwo alo ameti siwo lolo wu dzɔdzɔme tɔ aɖeke menɔ eme o. Gbɔgbɔ vɔ̃wo meƒo ɖi emenɔla aɖeke o. Wonɔ ati siwo ʋẽna lilili kple sikasɔtiwo dome; amesiawoe nye amesiwo lolo wu, amesiwo wɔ ame wu, eye wodze ɖeka wu le anyigba la dzi; woawo ŋutɔwo nye ame dzɔatsuwo eye wonya kpɔ ale gbegbe.”

36. Aleke Helatɔ hakpanyaŋlɔla Hesiod ƒo nu tso “Dzidzɔɣeyiɣi” aɖe ŋue?

³⁶ Le blema Helatɔwo dome la, Hesiod ƒe hakpanya si nye Works and Days ƒo nu tso Amegbetɔ ƒe Azã Atɔ̃awo ŋu, eye gbãtɔ nye “Dzidzɔɣeyiɣi” si me amewo nɔ agbe le dzidzɔ blibo me. Eŋlɔ bena:

Helatɔwo ƒe glitoto gblɔ be xotutu ƒe dzidzɔɣeyiɣi ma nu yi esi Epimetheus lɔ̃ xɔ Pandora dzetugbee si Olympia-mawu Zeus tsɔ nae la ɖe wòzu srɔ̃a. Gbeɖeka Pandora ʋu nu le eƒe kplu gã la nu, eye fukpekpewo, hiãkamewo, kple dɔléle siwo si me ameƒomea mavo tsoe gbeɖe o la do go le eme enumake.

37. Ƒo nu tso blema Chinatɔwo ƒe “paradiso” si nɔ anyi le ŋutinya ƒe gɔmedzedzea me ƒe xotutu la ŋu.

³⁷ Blema Chinatɔwo ƒe xotutuwo hã gblɔ be dzidzɔɣeyiɣi aɖe nɔ anyi le Huang-Ti (Fiagã Aŋutiɖiɖitɔ), si wogblɔ be eɖu dzi ƒe alafa ɖeka le ƒe alafa 26 lia D.M.Ŋ. me la ŋɔli. Wogblɔ be eyae he ŋkuʋunu ɖesiaɖe vɛ—awuwo kple xɔwo, ʋuwo, aʋawɔnuwo kple aʋawɔwɔ, ɖoɖo wɔwɔ ɖe anyigba ŋu, mɔ̃ɖaŋu, ŋɔvi siwo ƒe ade wotsɔna wɔa sliki (silk) alo sedavɔwoe nyinyi, hadzidzi, gbegbɔgblɔ, akɔntabubu, ɣletigbalẽ, kple bubuawo. Wogblɔ be le eƒe fiaɖuɣi la, “fiafitɔ alo aʋawɔwɔ aɖeke menɔ China o, eye ameawo nɔ anyi le ɖokuibɔbɔ kple ŋutifafa me. Tsi ƒe dzadza ɖe edzaɣi kple yame ƒe nɔnɔme na nuɖuɖu bɔ ƒe sia ƒe. Esi gawɔ nuku wue nye lã wɔadãwo gɔ̃ hã meléa nu o, eye xeƒonuwo megblẽa nu o. Kpuie ko la, China ƒe ŋutinya dze egɔme le paradiso me.” Vaseɖe egbegbe la, Chinatɔwo gagblɔna be yewonye Fiagã Aŋutiɖiɖitɔ la ƒe dzidzimeviwo.

38. Nya ta kae míate ŋu aƒo le nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo le amegbetɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋuti xotutuwo me la ŋu?

³⁸ Míate ŋu akpɔ dzidzɔ kple blibodede ƒe ɣeyiɣi si nɔ anyi le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutinya ƒe gɔmedzedze me ŋuti xotutu mawo tɔgbe le dukɔ bubu geɖe siwo nye Egiptetɔwo, Tibettɔwo, Perutɔwo, Meksikotɔwo, kple bubuawo hã ƒe subɔsubɔhawo me. Ðe wònye nusi dzɔ le vome ko be dukɔ siawo siwo gbɔ didi boo tso wo nɔewo gbɔ eye woƒe agbenɔnɔ kple gbegbɔgblɔwo kpakple kɔnuwo to vovo kura la katã ƒe susuwo wɔ ɖeka le alesi wonɔ le gɔmedzedzea me ŋua? Nudogoɖenunu koe wònye be wo katã woɖoe be yewoagblɔ yewoƒe agbenɔnɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze wòaku ɖe nya ɖeka ma ke ŋua? Susuŋudɔwɔwɔ nyui kple nuteƒekpɔkpɔ fia mí be mate ŋu ava eme nenema o. Ke boŋ ele be nyateƒenya ɖeka aɖe nadze le amegbetɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze kple eƒe mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti xotutu mawo katã me.

39. Nyateƒenya si dze le xotutuawo katã me ka nue míate ŋu aƒo ƒui tso amegbetɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋuti xotutuwo me?

³⁹ Nyateƒee, woate ŋu akpɔ nu geɖe siwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutinya ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋuti xotutuwo me. Ne míetsɔ wo katã ƒo ƒui la, ana nɔnɔme blibo aɖe nadze na mí. Efia alesi Mawu wɔ ŋutsu kple nyɔnu gbãtɔ eye wòda wo ɖe paradiso me la mí. Gbã la, eme nyo na wo ŋutɔ eye wokpɔ dzidzɔ ŋutɔ, gake eteƒe medidi hafi wodze aglã o. Aglãdzedze ma na wobu paradiso deblibo la eye dagbadagba kple hloloetsotso, vevesese kple fukpekpe va xɔ ɖe eteƒe. Mlɔeba la, ameƒomea va gblẽ ale gbegbe be Mawu tsɔ tsiɖɔɖɔ gã aɖe tsrɔ̃ wo katãe, negbe ƒome ɖeka koe do le eme. Esi ƒome sia nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzi la, eƒe dzidzimevi aɖewo va wɔ babla hedze mɔ̃ gã aɖe tutu gɔme tsɔ tsi tre ɖe Mawu ŋui. Mawu gblẽ woƒe nugbeɖoɖoa me esi wòna woƒe gbegbɔgblɔ tɔtɔ eye wòkaka wo yi didiƒe ʋĩ le anyigba la ƒe dzogoe eneawo dzi.

40. Ðe alesi Biblia do ƒome kple amegbetɔ ƒe subɔsubɔhawo ƒe gɔmedzedzee la me.

⁴⁰ Ðe nusia si ame geɖewo gblɔ la nye ame aɖe ko ƒe tamesusua? Ao. Kpuie ko la, emae nye nya si dze le Biblia me, le Mose ƒe Agbalẽ Gbãtɔ ƒe ta 11 gbãtɔawo me. Togbɔ be míadzro Biblia la ƒe nyateƒenyenye me le afisia o hã la, mina wòanɔ susu me na mí be Biblia ƒe nuŋlɔɖi si ku ɖe amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutinya ƒe gɔmedzedze ŋue nye nu vevitɔ si dze le xotutu vovovoawo me.b Nuŋlɔɖia ɖee fia be esi amegbetɔƒomea dze kaka gɔme tso Mesopotamia la, wotsɔ nusiwo nɔ woƒe susu me, woƒe nuteƒekpɔkpɔwo kple nukpɔsusuwo ɖe asi yi afisiafi si woyi lae. Le ɣeyiɣi aɖewo megbe la, woɖe ami ɖe wo hetrɔ wo eye wova zu nusiwo dzi wotu mawusubɔsubɔ ɖo le xexeame ƒe akpa sia akpa. Ne míagblɔe bubui la, ne míegbugbɔ yi kpɔɖeŋu si míewɔ va yi la gbɔ la, Mose ƒe agbalẽa me nuŋlɔɖia ye nye gbãtɔ si me kɔ lãlãlã si me amegbetɔ ƒe gɔmedzedze kple tadedeagu ŋuti nya vevi siwo le xexeame ƒe subɔsubɔhawo me la dzɔ tso. Wotsɔ woawo ŋutɔwo ƒe nufiafiawo kple nuwɔnawo va kpe esiawo, gake ƒomedodo si le wo dome la dze ƒã.

41. Nukae le be wòanɔ susu me na wò ne èle ta siwo kplɔe ɖo le agbalẽ sia me la srɔ̃m?

⁴¹ Le agbalẽ sia ƒe ta siwo kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro alesi subɔsubɔha aɖewo koŋ dze egɔme hekeke tae la me. Àkpɔe be alesi subɔsubɔha ɖesiaɖe to vovo tso nɔvia gbɔe kpakple alesi woɖi wo nɔewoe hã akɔ nu geɖe me na wò. Àte ŋu ade dzesi ɣeyiɣi si me subɔsubɔha ɖesiaɖe dzɔ le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutinya me, alesi eƒe agbalẽ kɔkɔe kple agbalẽ bubuwo do ƒome kple bubuawoe, alesi mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusu bubuwo kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe eɖola alo ŋgɔnɔla dzie, kple alesi wòkpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ameƒomea ƒe nɔnɔme kple ŋutinya dzie la hã. Ne nya vevi siawo le susu me na wò le ameƒomea ƒe Mawu didi si xɔ ɣeyiɣi didi la sɔsrɔ̃ me la, akpe ɖe ŋuwò be nyateƒe si ku ɖe mawusubɔsubɔ kple subɔsubɔhawo ƒe nufiafiawo ŋu la me nakɔ na wò nyuie wu.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔwo]

[Nya si ɖe dzesi si le axa 23]

Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe numekuku kple nɔnɔmetɔtrɔ ƒe nufiafia ƒe vava na ame geɖe bia nya tso mawusubɔsubɔ ŋu

[Nya si ɖe dzesi si le axa 34]

Ewɔ abe subɔsubɔha ɖesiaɖe xɔ eƒe dzixɔse veviwo tso teƒe ɖeka ene

[Aɖaka si le axa 28]

Nukatae Amegbetɔ Lɔ̃a Mawusubɔsubɔ?

▪ John B. Noss tɔ asi edzi le eƒe agbalẽ si nye Man’s Religions me be: “Subɔsubɔhawo katã gblɔna le mɔ aɖe alo bubu nu be amegbetɔ mele eɖokui si o eye mate ŋu anɔ eɖokui si hã o. Ƒomedodo tɔxɛ aɖe le wo kple ŋusẽ siwo de ŋgɔ le Dzɔdzɔmenuwo kple Habɔbɔ aɖe si to vovo na eya ŋutɔ la dome eye kura gɔ̃ hã la, eƒe anyinɔnɔ nɔ te ɖe wo dzi. Enya keŋ be yemenye ŋusẽdzɔtsoƒe si le ye ɖokui si si ate ŋu anɔ eɖokui si xexeame manɔmee o alo esenɛ le eɖokui me vie nenema.”

Nenema ke agbalẽ si nye World Religions—From Ancient History to the Present gblɔ be: “Mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti nusɔsrɔ̃ ɖee fia be eƒe akpa vevi aɖee nye agbenɔnɔ si nye nyuitɔ le agbe me la didi vevie, dzixɔse si nye be agbe menye nudogoɖenunu si ŋu tameɖoɖo aɖeke mele o. Tameɖoɖoa didi kplɔa ame yia ŋusẽ si tri akɔ wu amegbetɔ tɔ la dzi xɔxɔ se gbɔe, eye mlɔeba la, ekplɔa ame yia nunya aɖe si ƒo xexeame katã tɔ ta alo esi kɔkɔ wu amegbetɔ tɔ si ƒe tameɖoɖo kple lɔlɔ̃nue nye be nɔnɔme xɔasi si de ŋgɔ wu ɖesiaɖe la nanɔ amegbetɔ ƒe agbe ŋu ɖaa la gbɔe.”

Eyata mawusubɔsubɔ kpɔa amegbetɔ ƒe nuhiahiã vevi aɖe gbɔ, abe alesi nuɖuɖu tsia dɔwuame nui ene. Míenya be nusianu ko si nakpɔ la ɖuɖu atsi dɔwuame nu; gake agblẽ nu le míaƒe lãmesẽ ŋu emegbe. Be míanɔ lãmesẽ nyui me la, míehiã nuɖuɖu nyui si me nunyiame le. Nenema ke míehiã gbɔgbɔmenuɖuɖu nyui be míanɔ gbɔgbɔmelãmesẽ nyui me. Eyatae Biblia gblɔ na mí be: “Amegbetɔ mele abolo ƒe agbe ko o, ke boŋ amegbetɔ le agbe le nya, siwo katã do tso Yehowa nu la ta.”—Mose V, 8:3.

[Anyigbatata si le axa 39]

(Edze nyuie le agbalẽa ŋutɔ me)

Esi amegbetɔƒomea kaka tso Mesopotamia la, woƒe mawusubɔsubɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo kple nusiwo tsi woƒe susu me hã kplɔ wo ɖo yi

BABILON

LIDIA

SIRIA

EGIPTE

ASIRIA

MEDIA

ELAM

PERSIA

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 21]

Amewo abe Buddha, Konfusio, kple Luther ene trɔ wo ŋɔli subɔsubɔnuɖoanyiwo; menye woawoe to mawusubɔsubɔ vɛ o

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 25]

Sigmund Freud si nye Austriatɔ susuŋutinunyala gblɔ be vɔvɔ̃ na amesi le abe ame fofo ene ye to mawusubɔsubɔ vɛ

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 27]

Nya si wogblɔ be anyigba lae le titina na xexeame katã la na woƒo nya ta masɔmasɔwo ku ɖe alesi ɣletinyigbawo zɔnae la ŋu

[Nɔnɔmetata siwo le axa 33]

China Buddhatɔwo ƒe nublanuikpɔkpɔ ƒe mawunɔ si lé vidzĩ ɖe asi

Katolikotɔwo ƒe Madonna (Maria) si lé Yesu, vidzĩ ɖe asi

Tibet Buddhatɔ le gbedodoɖafɔti kple rosario zãm

Katolikotɔ le rosario zãm

Buddha-ha kple Roma Katoliko-ha—nukatae wòwɔ abe ɖe woƒe nuwɔna geɖe sɔ kple wo nɔewo ene?

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 36]

Chinatɔwo ƒe xotutuwo ƒo nu tso dzidzɔɣeyiɣi aɖe si nɔ anyi le Huang-Ti (Fiagã Aŋutiɖiɖitɔ) ƒe dziɖuɣi le ɣeyiɣi siwo nɔ anyi le gliwo me la ŋu