Vutolo N’lapadziko Lonse
UMBONI wina wakuti ana opanda kwawo n’ngosavuta kuukiridwa n’ngwakuti ku Brazil ana ambiri amaphedwa pamsewu. Malipoti ochokera kudziko limenelo amanena kuti ana ambirimbiri amaphedwa chaka chilichonse.
Ku Dunblane, Scotland, ndi ku Wolverhampton, England, ndi m’mayiko ena ambiri, ana amachitidwa nkhanza kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, lingalirani za kuvutika kwa Maria wazaka 12, mwana wamasiye wa ku Angola, yemwe anagwiriridwa mpaka n’kukhala ndi pakati. Patapita nthaŵi anakakamizidwa kuyenda ulendo wamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 320, kenaka anabala mwana isanakwane nthaŵi yake, ndiye khandalo linafa patangotha milungu iŵiri yokha. Maria naye anafa patatha mlungu umodzi, atadwala ndipo atawonda.
Mu 1992, Lipoti la bungwe la United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) linati, “ ‘zomenya anazi’ zinayambika m’zaka za zana la 20.” Malinga ndi lipoti la UNICEF la mu 1996, ena amaganiza kuti ‘m’tsogolomu mibadwo ya adani, ndiko kuti ana a adaniwo, nawonso ayenera kuphedwa.’ Wothirira ndemanga wina pazandale, kunena kwake anati: “Ngati mukufuna kupha makoswe aakulu, yambani kupha aang’ono.”
Ana mamiliyoni aŵiri anaphedwa mwankhanza pazaka khumi zaposachedwapa. Enanso okwana mamiliyoni anayi anapundulidwa, anachita khungu, kapena kuvulazidwa bongo ndi mabomba otcheredwa pansi, ena okwana mamiliyoni anayi amangotchedwa kuti anapulumuka mwadzina chabe koma anatsala opanda nyumba chifukwa cha nkhondo. N’chifukwa chake sizikudabwitsa kuti lipoti lina linali ndi mutu wakuti: “Ana Adakaonabe Zithunzi Zoopsa za Nkhanza Zankhondo.”
Nkhanza zimene ana akuchitidwazi n’zokhumudwitsa anthu, ndipo ndizo umboni wakuti ana alidi pavuto, osati m’mayiko oŵerengeka chabe koma padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo ana ambiri amene amasautsidwa amakhala onyalanyazidwa.
Kunyalanyazidwa ndi Anthu Amene Amawadalira
Mwana wonyalanyazidwa angamve chisoni chotayitsa mtima. Amataya mtima makamaka ngati wanyalanyazidwa ndi kholo lake, bwenzi lake, kapena mlangizi wake. Chimene chimasonyeza kuti ana ambiri amasautsidwa ndi makolo awo n’chakuti ana amaimbira mafoni kaŵirikaŵiri kunyumba ina youlutsira mawu, ikatha pologalamu ina yotchedwa “Kufa Uli Chete: Kuthetsa Nkhanza Yochitira Ana,” pologalamu youlutsidwa ndi Oprah Winfrey ku United States. Magazini ya Children Today inanena zimene ananena Arnold Shapiro, mkonzi wa pologalamu imeneyo, kuti: “Omwe amaimba mafoni omvetsa chisoni kwambiri ndiwo ana aang’ono omwe amaimba ali amantha, kufuna kuthawa ululu wakumenyedwa kapena wakugonedwa.”
Pologalamu imeneyi inathandiza kuthetsa maganizo akuti omwe amasautsa ana ndiwo anthu amatupi aakulu ndiponso osadziŵidwa ndi anawo. Shapiro ananenanso kuti: “Makolo limodzi ndi achibale ndiwo amene amasautsa ana kwambiri.” Ofufuza ena akuti zimenezo n’zoona ndipo ananena kuti mabwenzi a makolo nthaŵi zina amam’nyengerera mwanayo limodzi ndi ena a m’banjamo, kuti kenaka adzayambe kum’sautsa mwanayo. Kugonedwa ndi wachibale ndicho chinthu choopsa kwambiri chom’tayitsa mtima.
Amuna okonda kugona ana ndiwonso akuvutitsa kwambiri padziko lonse. Nyuzipepala ya Trends & Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice inafotokoza kuti: “Paedophilia ndicho chikhumbo cha kugona ana aang’ono kwambiri. . . . Anthu ameneŵa nthaŵi zonse milandu yawo imakhala yakugona ana, kuwagwiragwira, limodzi ndi milandu ina yosonyeza ana kapena kuwachitira zolaula.”
Pamamveka malipoti onyansa kwambiri ochokera padziko lonse, onena za anthu ovutitsa ana ameneŵa. (Onani bokosi patsamba 7.) Ana ake amakhala anyamata ndi atsikana. Amuna opanda nzeru ndiwo amawanyenga anawo, n’kumawagona, ndiyeno n’kuyamba kuwasautsa ndi kuwaopseza kapena kuwalera bwino kuti aiwale kwawo, kuchitira kuti asathaŵe. Amuna amene amachita zinthu zonyansazi kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala anthu otchuka ndipo nthaŵi zina apolisi ngakhale oweruza amadziŵa zimenezo komanso n’kumawateteza anthuwo.
Akuluakulu atchalitchi nawonso amagona ana, ndipo zimenezo zimapsetsa mtima anthu. Malipoti apanyuzi ochokera padziko lonse amasimba mmene akuluakulu atchalitchi amagonera ana, nthaŵi zina ngakhale m’dzina la Mulungu. Mwachitsanzo, wansembe wina wa Anglican yemwe anali atagwidwa ndi mlandu, ankauza mnyamata yemwe ankam’gonayo kuti “Mulungu amalankhula kudzera mwa iye [m’tsogoleri watchalitchiyo], ndiye chilichonse chimene iye angachite kapena chilichonse chimene [mnyamatayo] angachite, Mulungu angakondwere nacho ndipo n’chabwino.”
Ku Australia, buku lakuti Battle and the Backlash: The Child Sexual Abuse War, ponena za akuluakulu atchalitchi limodzi ndi ena amaudindo awo, linati: Zikuoneka kuti mabungwe a anthu ochita zimenezo amangofuna kuteteza mbiri yawo ndi kudzitetezanso okha m’malo moteteza ana osadziŵa kanthuwo.
Zimakhumudwitsa Kwambiri
Nthaŵi zonse mwana amakhulupirira munthu ndi mtima wake wonse. Choncho, ngati mwanayo wasokeretsedwa, amakhumudwa kwambiri m’maganizo. Buku lakuti Child Abuse & Neglect linati: “Anthu ndiponso malo amene kale anali achisungiko kapena olimbikitsa, masiku ano malowo n’ngoopsa ndi ochititsa mantha. Ndiye moyo wa mwanayo umakhala wovuta, sikuthekanso kudziŵa zimene akufuna kapena kumuuza zochita.”
Chifukwa chakusautsidwa kwa zaka zambiri, ana ena anayamba kuopa anthu ndiponso kukhala ndi mavuto ena a m’maganizo, mpaka kukula msinkhu. Mwana akanyalanyazidwa choncho amataya mtima kwambiri chifukwa choti iyeyo ndi mwana. Ndipo ana ambiri omwe amasautsidwa sasuma nkhaniyo—chimenecho n’chimene anthu osautsa ana amakonda.
M’zaka zaposachedwapa, umboni wakhala ukuchulukabe wakuti padziko lonse ana akusautsidwa, choncho lero umboniwo n’ngwambiridi moti sungakanidwe kapena kunyalanyazidwa. Koma ambiri amavomereza kuti kuletsa anthu kuti asamasautse ana n’ntchito yovuta. N’chifukwa chake pabuka mafunso awa: Kodi pali wina aliyense amene angateteze ana athu? Kodi amene tili makolofe tingateteze bwanji choloŵa chathu chimene Mulungu watipatsachi ndi kusamala miyoyo ya ana athu osavuta kunyengererawa? Kodi makolo angapeze kwa yani chithandizo?
[Bokosi patsamba 7]
Kukola Apandu pa Internet
Miyezi ingapo yapitayo, apolisi anayesetsa ndipo anatulukira njira yakabisira yogwiritsa ntchito Internet monga msampha wogwirira anthu okonda kugwiritsa ntchito Internet kuuza ana zolaula, moti apolisi a m’mayiko 12 anagwira anthu oposa 100 omwe ankawaganizira kuti amagona ana. Gulu limodzi chabe la anthu ogona ana ku United States, apolisi analilanda zithunzithunzi zoposa 100,000 za ana amaliseche.
Wapolisi wa ku Britain yemwe anatsogolera pakafukufuku wa pa Internet kwa miyezi isanu, anati: “Munthu aliyense wamaganizo aumunthu sangaziyang’ane zithunzizo kaŵiri.” Anawo anali anyamata ndi atsikana, ena aang’ono ngati azaka ziŵiri. Wapolisi wina wa ku Belgium anati zithunzithunzi za pa Internet zimenezo zinali “zithunzi zonyansa kwambiri kuziyang’ana za ana amaliseche. . . . Anthu ankafika mpaka ponyazitsa ana awoawo mwa kuwapereka kuti akakhale zithunzi zokongola.” Munthu wina anaika m’kompyuta mwake zithunzi zosonyeza iyeyo akugwirira mwana wa mlongo wake.
Anthu amene ankaganiziridwa zimenezo anali aphunzitsi, wa zasayansi, wophunzira za malamulo, wophunzira za mankhwala, mphunzitsi wa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, akauntanti, ndi polofesa wa pa yunivesite.
[Chithunzi patsamba 6]
Chida chophulika chinam’pundula mnyamatayu dzanja lake lamanja
[Mawu a Chithunzi]
UN/DPI Photo by Armineh Johannes
[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 7]
Photo ILO/J. Maillard