Mliriwo Ufalikira

Robert wamng’onoyo anali chabe ndi zaka 11 zakubadwa, komatu anapezeka atagona chafufumimba pansi pa mlatho wopasuka. Kunkhongo kwake kunali ziboo ziŵiri za zipolopolo. Anthu anakhulupirira kuti anaphedwa ndi mamembala a gulu lake lomwe la achinyamata aupandu.

Alex wazaka 15 zakubadwa anali kufuna kuloŵa m’gulu laupandu ndipo mwinamwake kufunanso kufa mwamsanga. Koma anaona mnzake ali kufa ndipo anati mumtima mwake: ‘Sindifuna kudzafa chonchi.’

MAGULU aupandu ochita zachiwawa m’misewu, omwe kale anali kugwirizana ndi magulu aupandu otchuka zedi ku Los Angeles otchedwa Bloods (Magazi) ndi Crips (Opunduka), afalikira padziko lonse. Komabe, magulu aupandu amafanana kwabasi kulikonse kumene mungawapeze.

Mu ma 1950, gulu la “Teddy Boys” la ku England linachititsa anthu mantha. The Times, nyuzipepala ya ku London, inati ankagwiritsa ntchito nkhwangwa, mipeni, matcheni a njinga, ndi zida zina kuti “avulaze” anthu osalakwa. ‘Kunali kuulika ndeu za mipeni, kuwononga nyumba zodyeramo, ndi kuswa nyumba zomweramo khofi.’ Anthu ankavutitsidwa, kulandidwa katundu, kumenyedwa, ndipo nthaŵi zina kuphedwa.

Die Welt ya ku Hamburg, Germany, inati posachedwapa achinyamata “popita ku dansi kapena popita kunyumba” akhala akuukiridwa ndi magulu aupandu okhala ndi “ndodo zoseŵerera baseball, mipeni ndi mfuti.” Süddeutsche Zeitung ya ku Munich inati anyamata achiwawa ku Berlin amaukira aliyense “amene akuoneka kukhala wofooka—anthu osoŵa pokhala, olemala, akazi achikulire.”

Mtolankhani wa Galamukani! ku Spain anati kumeneko magulu aupandu a achinyamata ndi vuto latsopano koma likukula. ABC, nyuzipepala ya ku Madrid, inali ndi nkhani yamutu wakuti “Anyamata Achiwawa—Choopsa Chatsopano m’Misewu.” Yemwe kale anali m’gulu la anyamata achiwawa ku Spain anati iwo ankatha kudziŵa omwe anali “alendo, mahule, ndi amathanyula.” Anatinso: “Usiku sunkangalatsa ngati simuchita zachiwawa.”

Ku South Africa nyuzipepala ya Cape Times inati kumeneko ziwawa ndi “zotulukapo zina za machitidwe oipa a magulu aupandu.” Buku lina lofalitsidwa m’Cape Town linati magulu aupandu a ku South Africa “ankadalira” pa matauni osauka ndi kuti anali “kulanda katundu ndi kugwirira chigololo anthu a m’dera lawo lomwe ndipo ankamenyana ndi magulu ena aupandu polimbirana malo, misika, ndi akazi.”

O Estado de S. Paulo, nyuzipepala ya ku Brazil inati kumeneko magulu aupandu anali “kuchuluka pamlingo wochititsa mantha.” Inati amatha kuukira magulu aupandu ena odana nawo, achinyamata opeza bwino, anthu amitundu ina, ndi ogwira ntchito osauka ochokera ku maiko ena. Inatinso tsiku lina magulu angapo anagwirizana ndi “kulanda anthu katundu padoko . . . , kumenyana okhaokha,” nkusandutsa msewu waukulu mu Rio de Janeiro kukhala ngati “komenyerako nkhondo.” Lipoti lina ku Brazil linati chiŵerengero cha magulu aupandu chikuwonjezereka ponse paŵiri m’mizinda ikuluikulu monga São Paulo ndi Rio de Janeiro ndiponso m’matauni ang’onoang’ono.

Magazini ya ku Canada yotchedwa Maclean’s mu 1995 inati malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwa apolisi, ku Winnipeg, Canada, kunali magulu aupandu asanu ndi atatu amene ankachita zaupandu m’misewu. Ndipo manyuzipepala ku United States asindikiza zinthuzi za mamembala a magulu aupandu amene afika ndi zovala za anthu aupandu ndi kulemba mawu ochemerera magulu awo pamalo oonekera m’madera a Amwenye akutali ku American Southwest.

Chaka chatha ku New York City kunachitika ziwawa zochuluka zokhudza magulu aupandu m’kanthaŵi kochepa. Akuti mamembala a magulu a Bloods ndi Crips, magulu aupandu amene poyamba anali otchuka ku Los Angeles, anakhudzidwa. Meya wa mzinda wa New York anati kuyambira mu July kufika mu September, apolisi anamanga anthu 702 m’zochitika zogwirizana kwambiri ndi upandu wa mumsewu.”

Vutoli tsopano silili m’mizinda ikuluikulu yokha. Quad-City Times, nyuzipepala yofalitsidwa m’chigawo chapakati cha United States, inanena za “kuwonjezereka kwa chiwawa pakati pa achinyamata, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kukhala opanda chiyembekezo.

Mliri Womvetsa Chisoni Kwambiri

Gulu lina laupandu akuti linayamba monga gulu la anthu okondana. Koma pamene mtsogoleri wake anali kutchuka, zachiwawanso zinali kuchuluka. Mtsogoleri wagululo ankakhala ndi agogo ake, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri nyumba yawo inali kuwomberedwa ngakhale pamene eni ake anali momwemo. Nyuzipepala ina inati nyumbayo inali ndi ziboo zoposa 50 za zipolopolo. Mwachionekere nyumbayo inali kuwomberedwa pobwezera zimene ankati gulu la m’dzukuloyo linali kuchita. Ndiponso, mkulu wake wa mtsogoleri wa gulu laupanduyu anali kundende chifukwa cha nkhani yokhudzananso ndi upandu, komanso mbale wake wina amene anakakhala kwina pofuna kupewa chiwawa ndipo anabwera kumudziko kudzacheza, anawomberedwa ndi munthu wa m’galimoto lodutsa.

Ku Los Angeles, anthu aupandu anawombera galimoto ndi kupha mwana wosalakwa wazaka zitatu amene amayi ake ndi bwenzi lawo mosokera anakhotera mumsewu wolakwika. Chipolopolo chinawomberedwa m’sukulu ndi kulasa mphunzitsi amene ankayesa kuthandiza ophunzira kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwinopo. Ambirinso aphedwa amene sanali mamembala a magulu aupandu komabe anangophedwa nawo. Mayi wina ku Brooklyn, New York, anadziŵika m’dera la kwawo chifukwa cha chochitika chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri—kuphedwa kwa ana ake ang’onoang’ono onse atatu pachiwawa cha gulu laupandu.

Kodi nchiyani chachititsa mliri wa padziko lonsewu wa chiwawa cha achinyamata, ndipo kodi ana athu okondedwawo tingawatetezere bwanji? Ndi iko komwe, kodi magulu aupandu amayamba bwanji, nanga nchifukwa ninji achinyamata ambiri akuloŵa m’magulu amenewa? Mafunsoŵa akuyankhidwa m’nkhani zotsatirazi.

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 3]

Scott Olson/Sipa Press