Rudzidziso Rwenhema Runotasva Ruchienda Kukuparadzwa Kwarwo!

KUTI tiwane kana marudzidziso enyika ino ava pedyo nomugumo wawo, ngatinzverei humwe hwouporofita hunoshamisa zvikurusa hweBhaibheri. Hune chokuita nomukadzi wokufananidzira akavanzika anorondedzerwa mubhuku rokupedzisira reBhaibheri, Zvakazarurwa.

Unogona here kuisa muchiono mukadzi akatonga marudzi samambokadzi, achipesvedzera upenyu hwamabhiriyoni avanhu munhau yose—mukadzi akapfuma uyo akashongedzwa zvakaisvonaka nenguo dzepepuru netsvuku, akashongedzwa zvikuru nendarama, mabwe anokosha, uye maparera? Pahuma pake pakanyorwa zita refu, rakavanzika: “Bhabhironi, Guta Guru, Mai Vemhombwe Navezvinonyangadza Zvenyika.” Akaratidzirwa nenzira yakajeka noupenyu hwake husingadzoreki, hwokuvatana nevakawanda, achiva akaita “upombwe” navatongi venyika. Zvivi zvake zvaungana kusvikira kudenga. Akatasva chikara chitsvuku, chinotyisa, chine misoro minomwe, chine nyanga gumi.—Zvakazarurwa 17:1-6; 18:5.

Kana uchigona kuisa muchiono uyu mukadzi, une pfungwa yemutambi mukuru mumutambo wouporofita uyo muapostora waJesu Johane akaona muchiono chaakapiwa kupfurikidza nengirozi. Anomurondedzera nenzira yakajeka muna Zvakazarurwa ganhuro 17 , ne18. Rava aya maganhuro muBhaibheri rako umene. Uchakwanisa kutevera nhevedzano yezviitiko kubvira pakuratidzirwa kwokuzivikanwa kwouyu mukadzi akavanzika kusvikira kumugumo wake unouraya.

Kuzivisa Mhombwe Yacho

Nhungamiro kukunzwisisa kuzivikanwa kwake inowanwa muzvinhu zviviri izvo mambokadzi wacho ari mhombwe anogara pazviri nenzira yokufananidzira. Pana Zvakazarurwa 17:18, anorondedzerwa se“guta guru, rinobata ushe hwamadzimambo enyika.” Ikoku kunomubvumira kugara pa“mvura zhinji,” iyo inoreva “vanhu, navazhinji, namarudzi, nendimi,” sezvinoratidzwa pana Zvakazarurwa 17:1, 15. Maererano Zvakazarurwa 17 nendima 3 iri muganhuro rimwe chetero, anoonekwawo akagara pachikara chine misoro minomwe—zvikara zvichiva zvinowanzoshandiswa muBhaibheri sezviratidzo zvemasimba ezvematongerwe enyika, kana kuti masangano.

Ikoku kunoratidza kuti mhombwe yacho, Bhabhironi Guru, ndiyo mumiriri woumambo hwakakwidziridzwa, uhwo hunodzora zvimwe zviremera navadzorwi vazvo. Ihwohwu hunogona bedzi kuva umambo hwemarudzidziso enhema enyika.

Pesvedzero yavatungamiriri vorudzidziso panhau dzomuitiro wenyika nezvematongerwe enyika rutivi runosanozivikanwa rwenhau. The World Book Encyclopedia rinoti: “Pashure pokuwa kwoUmambo hweRome hwokuMadokero [zana ramakore rechi5], papa akanga aine chiremera chikuru kupfuura mumwe munhu upi noupi muEurope. . . . Papa aishandisa chiremera chezvematongerwe enyika pamwe chete nechomudzimu. Muna 800, Pope Leo III akapfekedza ngowani youmambo mutongi wevaFrank Charlemagne [Charles Mukuru] mambo wevokuRome. . . . Leo III akanga atanga kodzero yapapa yokuita kuti chiremera chamambo chive chapamutemo.”

Chiremera icho Chechi yeKaturike ne“vakuru vakuru” vayo yakashandisa pavatongi chakaratidzirwazve nomufundisi mukuru Thomas Wolsey (1475?-1530). Anorondedzerwa se“munhu aiva nesimba zvikurusa muEngland kwamakore mazhinji.” Mukutonga kwaMambo Henry VIII, iye “nokukurumidza akanga ava munhu anodzora munhau dzose dzehurumende. . . . Aigara mumbiri youmambo uye aifarira zvikuru simba rake.” Nhoroondo yeenisaikoropidhiya yacho inopfuurira kuti: “Mufundisi Mukuru Wolsey akashandisa mano ake makuru senyanzvi yezvehurumende nomutarisiri zvikurukuru mukutarisira nhau dzokudzimwe nyika dzeEngland nokuda kwaHenry VIII.”

Mumwe muenzaniso wakatanhamara wechiremera cheKaturike munhau dzenyika dzehurumende Mufundisi Mukuru Richelieu weFrance 1585-1642), uyo “kweanopfuura makore 18 . . . akanga ari mutongi chaiyeiye weFrance.” Manyuko ambonokorwa mashoko anoti: “Akanga aine chishuvo chesimba zvikurusa uye nokukurumidza akava asingashiviriri nokuda kwenzvimbo yepamusoro.” Akaitwa mufundisi mukuru muna 1622 “uye nokukurumidza akava pesvedzero inotungamirira muhurumende yeFrance.” Sezviri pachena akanga ari munhu wechiito, nokuti “akatungamirira uto roumambo iye pachake pakukombwa kweLa Rochelle.” Nyaya yacho inowedzera, kuti: “Fariro hurusa yaRichelieu yakanga iri munhau dzokudzimwe nyika.”

Kubatanidzwa kunopfuurira kweVatican nezviremera zvematongerwe enyika kunooneka zvakajeka kupfurikidza nezviziviso zvenguva dzose mupepa reVatican L’Osservatore Romano renhume dzokudzimwe nyika dzichipa zvipupuriro zvadzo kuna papa ane chiremera chikurusa. Sezviri pachena, Vatican ine mubatanidzwa wevaKaturike vakavimbika vanogona kuita kuti papa agare achiziviswa nezvekubudirira kwezvematongerwe enyika nokunzwanana kwenyika munyika yose.

Mimwe mienzaniso mizhinji ingagona kupiwa kuratidzira pesvedzero ine simba yavatungamiriri vorudzidziso—kwose kuri kuviri mukati nokunze kwechiKristudhomu—munhau dzezvematongerwe enyika ino. Idi rokuti mhombwe yokufananidzira inogara pa“mvura zhinji” dzose (inomirira “vanhu, navazhinji, namarudzi”) uye pachikara (chinomirira masimba ose ezvematongerwe enyika) rinokarakadzawo kuti pesvedzero yayo pavanhu, marudzi, uye vatongi ndeyorudzi rwakasiyana, rwakatanhamara kupfuura udzoriwo zvahwo hwezvematongerwe enyika. Ngationei kuti ndeyerudzii.

Rutivi rwezita racho refu rakanga riri pahuma yayo rwakanga rwuri “Bhabhironi . . . Guru.” Inongedzero kuBhabhironi rekare, rakavambwa anenge makore 4 000 akapfuura naNimirodhi, uyo akanga achi“rwisana naJehovha,” Mwari wechokwadi. (Genesi 10:8-10, NW) Kuva kwake neiri zita kunoratidza kuti mufananidzo wakakudziridzwa weBhabhironi rekare, nemativi akafanana. Mativi api? Bhabhironi rekare rakanga rakazadzwa norudzidziso rwokuziva chokwadi nenzira yakavanzika, magamuchidzanwa akashata, kunamata zvidhori, mashiripiti, unyanzvi hwenyeredzi, uye kutenda mashura—zvose zvinoshorwa neShoko raJehovha.

The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology inotaura kuti muzana remakore rechi18 B.C.E., Marduk akaitwa “mwari weguta reBhabhironi, uye nokudaro mutungamiriri wetemberi yavamwari vose yeSumerian-Accad yavamwari vane 1 300. Kwakaunza magamuchidzanwa ose orudzidziso mumuitiro mumwe. . . . Muna Genesi 11:1-9 chivako chetemberi hombe yeBhabhironi chinoratidzirwa sechiratidzo chorudado rwomunhu urwo runoshuva kudzora denga.”

Nokudaro, Bhabhironi rekare rakanga riri nzvimbo yepakati yorudzidziso rwenhema, urwo mukati menguva yakati rwakatapura nyika yose. Miitiro yorudzidziso yeBhabhironi, dzidziso, magamuchidzanwa, uye zviratidzo zvakapararira mumativi ose epasi uye zvinoratidzirwa munyongano yemarudzidziso enyika ane zviuru zvizhinji. Umambo hwezvematongerwe enyika noushe zvakamuka ndokuwa, asi rudzidziso rweBhabhironi rwakakupukunyuka kwose.

Nei Kuparadzwa Kuri Pedyo Zvikuru?

Sezvave zvichitsanangurwa muzvinyorwa zvakapfuura zvemagazini ino, uporofita hweBhaibheri nezviitiko zvinokosha zvikuru kubvira muna 1914 zvinoratidzira nenzira yakajeka kuti tiri kurarama zvino mu“mhedziso yetsika yezvinhu.” (Mateo 24:3, NW) Ikoku kunoreva kuti mugumo wetsika yenyika youmhuka uri kuswedera pedyo nokukurumidza, sezviri kuita mugumo we“chikara chitsvuku” chine nyanga gumi, icho mhombwe yacho yakatasva zvino. (Zvakazarurwa 17:3) Ichi chikara sezviri pachena chinomirira mubatanidzwa wezvematongerwe enyika wedzinenge nyika dzose pasi pano—Sangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose. Mugumo wakafanotaurwa unoreva kubviswa kwokutonga kwezvematongerwe enyika kunoparadzanisa, kusiri kwoumwari parudzi rwomunhu. Asi zvakadiniko namambokadzi ari mhombwe akatasva chikara chacho?

Ngirozi yaMwari inotsanangura, kuti: “Nyanga dzine gumi dzawaona, nechikara, ndivo vachavenga mhombwe, vachaiparadza, nokuitorera nguo; vachadya nyama yayo, nokuipisa nomwoto. Nokuti Mwari wakaisa mumwoyo yavo kuti vaite kurangarira kwake, vave nokurangarira kumwe, vape chikara ushe hwavo, kusvikira mashoko aMwari aitika.”—Zvakazarurwa 17:16, 17.

Nokudaro uporofita hwacho hunoratidza kuti nokukurumidza chikara chezvematongerwe enyika chisati chapinda muruparadziko, chichavamba kuvenga mutasvi wacho ndokumupandukira. Neiko? Vatongi nehurumende vacharangarira sezviri pachena kuti simba ravo nechiremera zviri kutyisidzirwa norudzidziso rwakarongwa rwuri kushanda muudzori hwavo. Kamwe kamwe, vakurudzirwa nesimba rinosunda, vachaita “kurangarira” kwaMwari, chisarudzo chake, kupfurikidza nokuita rutongeso rwake paumambo hwenyika hworudzidziso rwenhema, hwakashatiswa neropa.a—Enzanisa naJeremia 7:8-11, 34.

Mugumo wemarudzidziso enhema enyika ino uchauya apo anenge achiri kuratidzika kuva ane simba neanopesvedzera. Hungu, uporofita hwacho hunoratidza kuti nokukurumidza mhombwe yacho isati yaparadzwa, ichave ichiri kuti mumwoyo mayo: “Ndinogara pachigaro choushe ndiri vahosi, handizi chirikadzi, handingatongooni kuchema.” (Zvakazarurwa 18:7) Zvisinei, kuparadzwa kwayo kuchauya sekatyamadzo kuvadzorwi vayo vane mabhiriyoni. Chichava chimwe chezviitiko zvisingakarirwi zvikurusa nezvinoparadza munhau yomunhu.

Chibviro chokuvapo kweBhabhironi rekare, marudzidziso enhema akashandisa pesvedzero huru zvikuru parudzi rwomunhu kupfurikidza navatungamiriri vawo navatsigiri; dzidziso dzawo, magamuchidzanwa, uye miitiro; zvivako zvawo zvemaoresa zvakawanda zvokunamatira; uye upfumi hwawo husingadaviriki. Zvirokwazvo haasati achizonyangarika asingacherekedzwi. Naizvozvo, ngirozi yakaronzeswa kuzivisa shoko rorutongeso pamhombwe yacho haitauri ichivanza mashoko apo inozivisa, kuti: “Madambudziko aro achasvika nezuva rimwe, rufu, nokuchema, nenzara; richapiswa kwazvo nomwoto, nokuti Ishe Mwari unoritonga, une simba.” Naizvozvo mugumo weBhabhironi Guru uchauya usingakarirwi uye uchapfuura nokukurumidza, sokunge “nezuva rimwe.”—Zvakazarurwa 18:8; Isaya 47:8, 9, 11.

Mashoko ane simba engirozi anotungamirira kumubvunzo wokuti, Kuchava norudzidziso rupi norupi ruchatongosara here, uye kana ruripo, rwupi uye nei? Uporofita hunoratidzei? Ikoku kuchabatwa munyaya inotevera.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Bhokisi riri papeji 6]

Mhaka Yeropa yechiKristudhomu muAfrica

Pana Zvakazarurwa 18:24, Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti muBhabhironi Guru munowanwa ropa ra“vose vakaurawa panyika.” Funga nezvehondo dzakarwiwa nemhaka yemisiyano yorudzidziso uye nemhaka yokukundikana kwavatungamiriri vorudzidziso kudzidzivisa. Muenzaniso wenguva pfupi ichangobva kupfuura waikoku wakanga uri pachena mukuparadza rudzi kweRwanda, umo vanhu 500 000 vakapondwa—chikamu chimwe chezvitatu chavo vari vana.

Munyori weCanada Hugh McCullum anoshuma kubva kuRwanda, kuti: “Muprista wechiHutu muKigali [Rwanda] anoti kukundikana kwechechi kugovera utungamiriri hwetsika hakutsananguriki. Nzvimbo yamabhishopi munzanga yeRwanda yaifanira kuve yakanga ichikosha zvikurusa. Vaiziva ngwavaira yakanga iri kuswedera nguva refu kuuraya kusati kwaitwa. Nzvimbo dzokuparidzirira dzechechi dzaigona kudai dzakagovera mukana wokuti vanenge vagari vose vemo vanzwe shoko rakasimba iro raigona kudai rakadzivisa kuparadza rudzi kwacho. Panzvimbo pakwo vatungamiriri vacho vakaramba vakanyarara.”

Pashure pokupondwa kwavakawanda kwakaipisisa muna 1994, Justin Hakizimana, mutungamiriri wechechi, akataura pamusangano muduku wakaitirwa muchechi yePresbyterian muKigali, kuti: “Chechi yakanga yakabatana zvikuru nezvematongerwe enyika zvaHabyarimana [purezidhendi weRwanda]. Hatina kushora zvakanga zvichiitika nemhaka yokuti takanga takashatiswa. Hapana neimwe yechechi dzedu, zvikurukuru vaKaturike, yakashora kupondwa kwacho kwavakawanda.”

Aaron Mugemera, mufundisi wechechi, akati pane mumwe musangano muRwanda pashure pokuparadza rudzi kwacho: “Chechi iri kunyara. . . . Tave tine kuuraya muno kubvira muna 1959. Hapana akakushora. . . . Hatina kutaura noushingi nemhaka yokuti takanga tichitya, uye nemhaka yokuti takanga tichigutsikana.”

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 7]

Iyi “mhombwe” inotapura nyika yose

[Kwazvakatorwa]

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