Nairobi National Park—Nzvimbo Inofamba Mhuka Dzakasununguka

Nairobi National Park—Nzvimbo Inofamba Mhuka Dzakasununguka

NOMUNYORI WEMUKAI! MUKENYA

NGUVA yava 6:30 mangwanani. Zuva riri kubuda kumabvazuva rinooneka sezidombo rinokosha, riine utsvuku hwakaisvonaka zvinoshamisa. Richitanga mumwe musi, miseve yaro inopfuura nomumafafitera egirazi ezvivako zvirefu zvemahofisi pachibuda ruvara rwakaisvonaka rwegoridhe. Kachinhambwe kanofambika kubva pazvivako izvi, pane humwe upenyu hunokanga mate mukanwa.

Shumba yava nenguva yakati ichinyangira mhara, ichizvihwandisa muuswa hurefu. Yaona kuti pave nengozi, mhara duku iyi inoti tsoka ndibereke, uye shumba yacho inobva yati nama nama nayo ichikwenya pasi. Kudzingirirana kukuru kwechamuhwiriri kunotanga. Kana ikabudirira, shumba iyi ichashandisa mutemo wesango wokuti akasimba ndiye anopona kuti iuraye mhuka iyi yangopindawo mutsekwende.

Kudzingirirana kukuru kwakadai kunogaroitika zuva nezuva muNairobi National Park, iri pedyo nekwakaperera guta guru reKenya, reNairobi. Vanhu ndivo vavakidzani vepedyo vemhuka dzacho ikoko. Chokwadi, muna 1962 imwe shumba yakaonekwa ichifamba-famba kunze kweimwe hotera yemberi, zvichida ichiratidza kuti iyi yaimbova nzvimbo yayo. Mhuka dzesango nevagari vomuguta racho zvakasvika sei pakugarisana?

Mavambo Ane Zvipingamupinyi

Kuti paka yacho ivepo zvaive zvisiri nyore. Zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvaifanira kukundwa mhuka dzacho dzisati dzava kusharanganya mumusha wakanyatsodzivirirwa uyu. Zana remakore rechi20 risati rasvika, mhuka dzaifamba-famba dzisina chinodzivhiringidza mumasango makuru eEast Africa. Imomu vanhu vaiva noukama hwepedyo nemhuka dzesango zvokutofudza zvipfuwo zvavo pedyo pedyo nadzo. Vamwe vaitoona dzimwe mhuka sezvipfuwo zvinokosha kwazvo!

Pasinei neizvozvo, vanahombarume vakanga vakadzipakata pfuti vakadirana munyika yacho, vakawanda vavo vaida kuwana mikombe younyanzvi yakawanda sezvaibvira. Pakati pavo paiva neaichimbova Purezidhendi weUnited States Theodore Roosevelt, uyo akasvika muKenya muna 1909 kuti aunganidze nhoroondo yemhuka nemiti zveko kuti zvizoiswa mumamiziyamu. Nevatakuri vake vezvinhu 600 uye nevavhimi vake vaiva hombarume, akauraya mhuka dzinodarika 500 ndokutumira matehwe adzo kumusha. Inenge nguva iyoyowo, kwaiva nomumwe muvhimi aizivikanwa kwazvo, Edward, Mambo weWales. Vakavhima zvikuru munzvimbo dzaiva nemhuka dzakawanda. Chokwadi bara raikurumidza uye raigona kunangiswa paidiwa chaipo kudarika uta nomuseve.

Kupera kugadzirwa kweNjanji yeChitima Chokupenga, sokuzivikanwa kwaiitwa njanji yaibva Kenya ichinosvika Uganda, kwakaita kuti nzvimbo yainge yakapoteredza Nairobi igarwe nevanhu, zvichiita kuti mhuka dzinyanye kuomerwa kufamba dzakasununguka. Kutandaniswa kwadzo zvachose munzvimbo iyi kwainge kwoda kuitika.

Zvadaro, muma1930, vamwe vanhu vakataura vakamirira mhuka. Archie Ritchie, aitarisira kudzivirirwa nokuchengetedzwa kwemhuka panguva iyoyo, uye Mervyn Cowie, aiita basa roumabharani, vaiva vamwe vevanhu ava. Nemisangano uye mashoko aibudiswa munhau, vakakumbira zviremera zvokumwe zvaidzora nyika yacho kutsaura nzvimbo yokuchengetera mhuka kuti zvibatsire kuderedza—kana kugumisa—kuparadzwa kusingadzorwi kwemhuka. Hurumende yacho yakanga isingadi kushandisa pfungwa iyi. Yakanga isati yagadzirira kushandisa nyika iyi nechinangwa chokuchengeta mhuka nemiti munzvimbo yakanga yava kuchinja kuva guta guru muEast Africa.

Zvaiedzwa kuitwa pakudzichengetedza zvakavhiringidzwazve muhondo yechipiri yenyika dzose apo varwi vaidzidzira hondo vakaparadza nzvimbo yava nepaka yacho iye zvino. Mhuka dzakaurayiwawo muhondo. Varwi vaingogara vari munzvimbo yacho vakaita kuti mhuka dzisatye vanhu, zvichiwedzera mukana wokuti dzive dzinodya vanhu. Kuti izvozvo zvisaitike, dzimwe mhuka dzinosanganisira shumba yechikadzi inozivikanwa yainzi Lulu nedzimwewo dzaifamba nayo, dzakaurayiwa.

Zvisinei, somugumisiro wokuchinja mwoyo kwezviremera, zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvakakundwa, uye vadziviriri vemhuka vakabudirira pavavariro yavo. Pakupedzisira, pashure penguva refu neyaiodza mwoyo, Nairobi National Park—paka yokutanga yakadaro muEast Africa—yakavapo musi waDecember 16, 1946, apo aichimbova gavhuna wenyika yainge yakapamba Kenya, Sir Philip Mitchell, akaparura kuvhurwa kwayo.

Paradhiso Yevashanyi

Ichienzaniswa nedzimwe paka dzemhuka dziri muEast Africa, Nairobi National Park yakati dukupei. Inofungidzirwa kuti mativi ayo ose akareba makiromita 117, kwokupinda nako kuri makiromita asingasviki 10 kubva pakati chaipo peguta reNairobi. Zvisinei, kuzivikanwa kwayo kuri muuduku ihwohwo. Inzvimbo shoma pasi pano dzinoita kuti mushanyi aone mhuka dzamarudzi akasiyana-siyana sezvinowanikwa pamuzinda wadzo uyu—kusiyana kuri kwogawo kweguta reNairobi riri kukurumidza kusimukira nesango reAfrica.

Uduku hwenzvimbo yacho hunoita kuti mushanyi asangane nemhuka huru dzakawanda dzinoungana panzvimbo duku imwe chete, kunze kwenzou, kupfuura zvaaizoita mumapaka makuru. Mune marudzi 100 emhuka dzinoyamwisa nemarudzi anopfuura 400 eshiri. Paka yacho iri pedyo nepanouya napo nendege kana dzava kumhara munhandare muNairobi.

Munhu anenge ashanyira Nairobi anogona kusiya mutambarakede womuhotera dzamazuva ano dziri muguta, otyaira achidambura nomuzvivako zvinoorora zvemahofisi, uye mumaminitsi mashomanana obva asvika kunotangira mapani ekare, matondo, uye sango rine miti. Muno, shumba nedzimwe mhuka dzinenge dzichivhima dzinogona kuonwa dziri pabasa. Kuona mhuka dzinodya nyama dzichidzingirira nyama uku uchiona zvivako zvinopenya zveguta racho hazvikurumidzi kukanganwika.

Paka yacho izere nemhuka dzesango, dzakadai senyati, mbada, madindingwe, twiza dzinonyanya kuzikanwa, tsoko, mazana emhuka dzakasiyana-siyana, uye chipembere chinonzi nhema chisingawanzooneki uye chiri mungozi yokutsakatika. Zhinji dzacho dzinogara imomo zvechigarire. Mumwaka wokusanaya kwemvura waFebruary/March naAugust/September, mapoka makuru emhuka dzinenge dzichitama, dzakadai semvumba (gnu), anogona kuonwa mumadziva akawanda ari mupaka yacho.

Mumamwe madziva, anozivikanwa nenzira yakakodzera semadziva emvuu, mapoka aya emvuu dzine chitarisiko chinenge dhiramu anogara akanyura mumvura zuva rose, ozobuda kunofura usiku. Madziva iwaya akapoteredzwa nenzira dzakagadzirwa nechinangwa chokuona zvisikwa zvokuti munhu anogona kusiya motokari yake ombofamba-famba. Kunyange zvakadaro, shoko reyambiro ndeiri: Kufamba-famba kwakadaro kunogona kuva nengozi kwazvo, sezvo mamwe madziva ari misha yemakarwe anouraya, ayo angave ari kumhenderekedzo, kwaasingaonwi nomushanyi asingafungiri kuti kunei! Kuti usadyiwe, unokurudzirwa kufamba nevachengeti vepaka yacho vakarovedzwa.

Kuzivikanwa kwemapoka eshiri dzirimo kunoita sokunoenderana nokuti dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndedzipi. Mhou, shiri huru pane dzose dziri munyika, yakareba mamita maviri, yava kugara zvechigarire imomu. Riri kubhururuka mudenga reguta racho igora rinotaurwa zvakaipa nezvaro rinoita basa rokuchenesa. Shiri yacho inoita seyakanyangara inobatsira chaizvo mupaka yacho, sezvo ichidya zvitunha zvipi nezvipi izvo zvingadai zvaikonzera utachiona hwaizokuvadza dzimwe mhuka.

Pano napapo, ungaona hwata. Shure kwenzeve dzayo ine minhenga yakareba inoita seiya yaimboshandiswa nevanyori kunyora. Zvainongoita zvokukurumidza-kurumidza, inoita seine kwairi kumhanyira. Dzimwe shiri dzinosanganisira kondo, horiori, masaddle-bill, uye mafudzamombe.

Kunyange zvazvo paka yacho yakati dukupei, ine zvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kurutivi rwayo rwokumadokero, kune sango rinotora 6 muzana yenzvimbo yacho, rinowana mamirimita emvura anobvira pa700 kusvika ku1 100 pagore. Imomu, mune miti yakawanda inosanganisira Cape chestnut uye croton yakaisvonaka. Mapani akakura, mipata, uye michinjiziri yemakomo zviri kumaodzanyemba nokumabvazuva, kunonaya mvura inobvira pamamirimita 500 kusvika ku700. Uswa hwakatsvukuruka, madates omurenje, mijekamanyo, nemimwe miti yakasiyana-siyana zvinongoratidza kuti chokwadi nzvimbo yacho haisi yemvura yakawanda.

Zvimwewo zvinoomesa mate mukanwa mikwidza yematombo akaisvonaka yakareba mamita 100 kubva mumupata wacho. Iyi inogona kunetesa vanofarira kukwira makomo—tingangoti vaya vanoda kuedza!

Paka Yacho Iri Panjodzi

Zvinetso zvakawanda zvine chokuita nokuchengetedzwa kwemhuka zvakafanana pachinhu chimwe chete—munhu. Somugumisiro ‘wokubudirira kwezvinoitwa’ nevanhu, Nairobi National Park ingatsakatika nokukurumidza. Guta reNairobi, rinogara vanhu iro rakaita kuti nyika itaure riri kuramba richikura, zvichiita kuti mhuka dzisarirwe nenzvimbo duku duku. Vanhu vakawanda zvavanogara muguta, kuda pokugara kuri kuwedzera, uye mhuka dzisina chadzinogona kuita. Mvura yakasviba inobva mumafekitari epedyo iri kuisawo panjodzi zvinhu zvose zvipenyu zviri mupaka yacho.

Chimwezve chinhu chinokosha pakuti paka yacho irambe iripo kuvapo kwenzira yokutama nokuda kwedzimwe mhuka. Nzvimbo huru yepaka yacho yakakomberedzwa newaya kuitira kuti mhuka dzisapinde muguta. Kurima kukuru nokufudzwa kwezvipfuwo kuri kukanganisa kanzvimbo kaduku kari kumaodzanyemba kanobudira mhuka pakutama. Kusavapo zvachose kwekanzvimbo ikaka kungava nemigumisiro yakaipisisa. Mhuka dzinobuda imomu dzichitsvaka mafuro dzingasawana mukana wokudzoka! Kuti kunobuda nemhuka kuchengetedzwe, Kenya Wildlife Service, sangano guru rokuchengetedzwa kwemhuka, rakanyorerana chibvumirano chokumboshandisa nzvimbo yakatarisana nepaka yacho. Pasinei nezvinetso, Nairobi National Park iri kuramba ichikwezva zviuru zvevashanyi gore negore kuti vazoona zvinhu zvayo zvakaisvonaka zvakasiyana-siyana.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 16]

Twiza

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 17]

Mbada