Chii Chiri Kuitika Kumachechi?
VANHU vokuLatin America, vari kuchamhembe kweMexico kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweChile vane tsika dzakafanana mune zvakawanda. Vanhu vakuru vokuLatin America vanoyeuka nguva yakwaimbova nechitendero chimwe chete bedzi, cheRoma Katurike. Muzana remakore rechi16, vapambi vokuSpain vakamanikidza vanhu kuti vapinde chitendero ichi. MuBrazil, vaitongwa nePortugal, yaiva yeRoma Katurike. Kwemakore 400 Chechi yeKaturike yakatsigira hurumende dzaitonga ichiitira kuti itsigirwe nemari uye iitwe chitendero chenyika.
Zvisinei, muma1960, vamwe vapristi veKaturike vakaona kuti kutsigira hurumende kwaiita kuti vasatsigirwe nevoruzhinji. Vakatanga kutsigira varombo, zvikurukuru nokusimudzira sangano rechitendero raida kuti Roma Katurike ibatanidzwe munyaya dzekodzero dzevanhu. Sangano racho rakatangwa muLatin America richishora kurarama muurombo kwaiita vaKaturike vakawanda.
Pasinei nezvakaedza kuitwa nevafundisi mune zvematongerwo enyika, mamiriyoni akasiya chitendero cheKaturike achienda kune mamwe machechi. Zvitendero zvinonamata zvichiita zvokuombera maoko nokuimba zvichizhambatata kana kutamba sezvinoitwa pakonzati zvawanda uye zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera. “Sangano rechitendero cheEvangelical muLatin America rakapatsanurwa kuva Machechi akasiyana-siyana asingaverengeki,” anodaro Duncan Green, mubhuku rake rinonzi Faces of Latin America. “Kazhinji kacho machechi aya anotungamirirwa nomufundisi mumwe chete. Kana nhengo dzechechi dzawanda, anobva akamukana kuumba mamwe Machechi matsva.”
Vanhu vokuEurope Havasisina Basa Nemachechi
Kwemakore anopfuura 1 600, nyika dzakawanda dzokuEurope dzave dzichitongwa nehurumende dzaizviti ndedzechiKristu. Zvechitendero zviri kubudirira here muEurope iye zvino sezvatiri kupinda muzana remakore rechi21? Muna 2002 imwe nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu, Steve Bruce, mubhuku rake rinonzi God is Dead—Secularization in the West, akati nezveBritain: “Muzana remakore rechi19 michato inenge yose yaichatiswa nechitendero.” Zvisinei, pakazosvika 1971, 60 muzana bedzi yemichato yevanhu vokuEngland ndiyo yakanga yava kuchatiswa nechitendero. Muna 2000 yaingova 31 muzana chete.
Achitaura nezvokuchinja uku, mumwe anonyora nhau dzechitendero mupepanhau rinonzi London’s Daily Telegraph akanyora kuti: “Nhengo dzemasangano ose makuru ezvitendero, akadai seChechi yeEngland uye eRoma Katurike nechechi yeMethodist uye yeUnited Reformed Churches, dziri kushomeka.” Nezvemamwe mashoko akati: “Machechi eBritain achange ava pedyo nokutsakatika pachasvika 2040, vaviri muzana ndivo chete vanenge vava kupinda minamato yeSvondo.” Mashoko akafanana akataurwa nezvechitendero kuNetherlands.
“Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, zvinoita sokuti nyika yedu yakasarudza kusada zvokunamata,” wakadaro mushumo weDutch Social and Cultural Planning Office. “Zvinotarisirwa kuti panosvika 2020, 72 muzana yevanhu inenge isisina chitendero chainopinda zvachose.” Rimwe pepanhau repaIndaneti rokuGermany rinoti: “Vanhu vakawanda vokuGermany vava kuenda kun’anga nokuvaroyi kuti vanyaradzwe sezvavaimboitwa mumachechi, kumabasa uye mumhuri. . . . Machechi munyika yose ari kumanikidzwa kuvhara pamusana pokushomeka kwevanhu.”
Vaya vachiri kuenda kuchechi muEurope havawanzoendi ikoko nechinangwa chokuti vawane kuti Mwari anodei kwavari. Mamwe mashoko anobva kuItaly anoti: “Vanhu vokuItaly vanochinja chitendero chavo kuti chienderane nemararamiro avanoda.” Imwe nyanzvi yeikoko yezvemagariro evanhu inoti: “Pane zvinotaurwa napapa, tinongogamuchira zvakatinakira.” Izviwo zvingataurwawo nezvevaKaturike vari kuSpain, uko kushingairira zvechitendero kwatsiviwa nemafungiro okutenga nokuunganidza zvinhu uye kutsvaka kubudirira mune zvoupfumi iye zvino kwete mangwana.
Mafungiro aya akasiyana chaizvo nechiKristu chakadzidziswa naKristu nevateveri vake uye chavaitevedzera. Jesu haana kuti tipinde muchitendero chatinosarudza zvatinoda chete kungofanana nepaya paunosarudza zvaunoda kudya panenge paine zvokudya zvakawanda. Akati: “Kana munhu achida kunditevera, ngaazvirambe, atore danda rake rokutambudzikira, aritakure zuva nezuva, arambe achinditevera.” Jesu akadzidzisa vanhu kuti mararamiro echiKristu anoda kuzvipira uye kushanda nesimba.—Ruka 9:23.
Kushambadzira Zvitendero muNorth America
Kusiyana nokuCanada—uko vanoongorora zvechitendero vakati vanhu vava kungotsoropodza chitendero—muUnited States vanhu vanokoshesa chaizvo chitendero. Maererano nemamwe masangano makuru anotsvakurudza mafungiro evanhu panyaya iyi, vanhu vanosvika 40 muzana vakabvunzwa vakati vanoenda kuchechi vhiki imwe neimwe, asi kunyatsoverenga chaivo vanoenda kunoratidza kuti vanoda kusvika 20 muzana ndivo chete vanoenda kuchechi. Vanopfuura 60 muzana vanoti vanodavira kuti Bhaibheri iShoko raMwari. Zvisinei, havatori nguva refu vachifarira chechi yakati. Vakawanda vanoenda kuchechi kuUnited States vanowana zviri nyore kusiya chitendero chavo. Kana mukurumbira womufundisi wacho ukadzikira, munguva pfupi anogona kurasikirwa nevanhu vake—uye kazhinji kacho nemari yaanowana zvakare!
Mamwe machechi ava kudzidza zvinoitwa nemabhizimisi kuti ave noruzivo rwo“kushambadzira” zviri nani minamato yawo yezvitendero. Vanoenda kumachechi aya vanobhadhara zviuru zvakawanda zvemadhora kuti vahaye makambani anoshambadzira zvitendero. Maererano nemamwe mashoko akabuda pamusoro pemakambani akadaro, mumwe mufundisi akataura achiratidza kugutsikana nokushandisa makambani akadaro, akati, “takashandisa mari yedu zviripo.” Machechi ane vanhu vakawanda kwazvo, ane nhengo dzinosvika zviuru, anowana mari yakawanda chaizvo zvokuti magazini ezvebhizimisi anotaura nezvawo, akadai seThe Wall Street Journal uye The Economist. Magazini aya anotaura kuti machechi ane vanhu vakawanda kwazvo “‘anopa zvose’ zvinoda mweya nenyama.” Zvivako zvemachechi zvingava nemaresitorendi, makefi, dzimba dzokuzvitsvindisa, dzokugezera, uye zvivako zvemitambo. Zvimwe zvinokwezva vanhu zvingasanganisira dzimba dzemafirimu, kushanyirwa nevanhu vane mukurumbira, uye kuita zvemimhanzi. Asi vafundisi vacho vanenge vachidzidzisa chii?
Zvinotoshamisa ndezvokuti pane kuti vadzidzise evhangeri yoUmambo, ‘vanoparidza nezvokuti ungapfuma sei.’ Vatendi vanoudzwa kuti vachapfuma uye kuva noutano hwakanaka kana vakapa zvakawanda kuchechi. Kana zviri zvetsika vanowanzoti Mwari haana basa nadzo. Imwe nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu inoti: “Machechi okuAmerica anoita kuti vanhu vararame pamadiro, haatongi vanhu.” Zvitendero zvakakurumbira zvinowanzopa mazano okubudirira kwaungaita muupenyu. Zviri kunyanya kuitika ndezvokuti vanhu vanonzwa vakasununguka kupinda machechi asiri echitendero chakati, uko dzidziso dzinoonekwa sedzinokonzera zvinetso dzisingataurwi nezvadzo. Zvisinei, ikoko zvematongerwo enyika zvinowanzotaurwa zvakajeka uye zvakananga. Mienzaniso yakaitika munguva ichangopfuura yakanyadzisa vamwe vafundisi.
Zvitendero zviri kubudirira here kuNorth America? Muna 2005, magazini inonzi Newsweek yakataura nezvokukurumbira kuri kuita “minamato yokuzhambatata, inofenda vanhu, yokugiya pasi nemakumbo,” nemamwe manamatiro, asi yakati: “Chero zvipi hazvo zviri kuitika kuno, hazvirevi kuti vanhu vari kuwedzera zvinoshamisa kuenda kuchechi.” Maererano neongororo dzakaitwa, vanhu vakati havana chitendero chavanotsigira ndivo vakawandisa. Mamwe machechi ari kukura nemhaka bedzi yokuti mamwe ari kuva nevanhu vashoma. Zviri kunzi vanhu “vazhinji” vari kusiya machechi akagara aripo nemhemberero dzawo, mimhanzi yawo, uye vafundisi vanenge vakapfeka zvipfeko zvirefu.
Pane zvishoma zvatakurukura, taona kuti machechi ari kukamukana kuLatin America, ari kuva nevanhu vashoma kuEurope, uye ari kutsvaka kutsigirwa nevanhu achishandisa varaidzo nezvimwe zvinofadza vanhu kuUnited States. Zvechokwadi, hazvirevi kuti machechi ose ndozvaari kuita, asi zviripo chaizvo ndezvokuti machechi ari kuedza kuti afarirwezve nevanhu. Izvi zvinoreva here kuti chiKristu chiri kupera?
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“KUSARUDZA CHITENDERO CHAUNODA”
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Zvinonzi mumwe mukuru mukuru weNational Vocation Service of the French Catholic Church akati: “Tiri kuona kuti vanhu vava kusarudza chitendero chavanoda. Vanhu vanoshandisa chechi kuita zvavanoda, uye kana vasina kuona sangano rinoita maererano nezvavanoda, vanobva vaenda kune rimwe.” Pakuongorora kwakaitwa chimwe chitendero chokuEurope, mumwe purofesa anonzi Grace Davie weBritain’s Exeter University akati: “Vanhu vanongotsvaka zvavanoda kushandisa pazvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana zviripo. Vanhu vava kusarudza chitendero chavanoda, kungofanana nokusarudza kwatinoita zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda kwazvo zviri munyika.”
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Mashoko ari pamusuo wechechi, Naples, Italy
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©Doug Scott/age fotostock
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KuMexico vakawanda vakasiya chitendero cheKaturike