Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 19—Mapisarema
Vanyori: Dhavhidhi navamwe
Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Haizivikanwi
Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 460 B.C.E.
1. Chii chiri bhuku reMapisarema, uye rinei?
BHUKU reMapisarema rakanga riri bhuku renziyo rakafuridzirwa ravanamati vechokwadi vaJehovha munguva dzekare, muunganidzwa wenziyo dzinoyera 150, kana kuti mapisarema, dzakarongwa senziyo dzinoimbwa namarimba uye dzakagadzirirwa kunamatwa kwapachena kwaJehovha Mwari mutembere yake paJerusarema. Aya mapisarema inziyo dzerumbidzo kuna Jehovha, uye kwete izvozvo bedzi, dzinewo minyengetero yomukumbiro nokuda kwengoni nebetsero, pamwe chete nokutaura kwokunyinda nechivimbo. Dzakazara nokuonga nerumbidzo uye nokupururudza kwomufaro mukuru, hungu, mukurusa. Dzimwe kudzokororwa kwokupfupikisa nhau, kurangarira mutsa worudo waJehovha nezviito zvake zvikuru. Dzakazadzwa nouporofita, uzhinji hwahwo hwakava nokuzadzika kwakatanhamara. Dzine murayiridzo wakawanda uyo unobetsera nounovaka, iwo wose unotaurwa nomutauro wakaisvonaka nowokufananidzira unonyandura muravi zvikuru kwazvo. Mapisarema kudya kwomudzimu kwakaisvonaka, kwakagadzirwa zvakaisvonaka uye kwakaiswa nenzira inoyevedza pamberi pedu.
2. (a) Misoroi yakashandiswa kuMapisarema, uye nerevoi? (b) Pisarema chii?
2 Ndeipi iri revo yomusoro webhuku racho, uye ndivanaani vakanyora Mapisarema? MuBhaibheri rechiHebheru, bhuku racho rinonzi Seʹpher Tehil·limʹ, kureva kuti “Bhuku Rerumbidzo,” kana kuti kungoti Tehil·limʹ, ndiko kuti, “Rumbidzo.” Ichi chimiro chezvakawanda cheTehil·lahʹ, chinoreva kuti “Rumbidzo” kana kuti “Rwiyo Rwerumbidzo,” chinowanwa mumashoko ari pamusoro ePisarema 145. Zita rokuti “Rumbidzo” rakakodzera zvikurusa, sezvo bhuku racho richisimbisa rumbidzo kuna Jehovha. Zita rokuti “Mapisarema” rinobva muSeptuagint yechiGiriki, yaishandisa shoko rokuti Psal·moiʹ, kuratidzira nziyo dzinoimbwa pamwe chete namarimba. Shoko racho rinowanwawo panzvimbo dzakati muMagwaro echiGiriki echiKristu, zvakadai sapana Ruka 20:42 naMabasa 1:20. Pisarema rwiyo rwunoyera kana kuti detembedzo inoshandiswa mukurumbidzwa uye kunamatwa kwaMwari.
3. Mashoko ari pamusoro anotaurei pamusoro pavanyori?
3 Mapisarema akawanda ane misoro, kana kuti mashoko ari pamusoro, uye iwawa anowanzodudza zita romunyori. Misoro ina makumi manomwe nemitatu ine zita raDhavhidhi, “muimbi wezvakanaka waIsraeri.” (2 Sam. 23:1) Pasina panikiro Mapisarema 2, 72, uye Pis 95 akanyorwawo naDhavhidhi. (Ona Mabasa 4:25, Pisarema 72:20, uye VaHebheru 4:7.) Mukuwedzera, Mapisarema 10 uye 71 anoratidzika kuva pfuuridzirwo yeMapisarema 9 ne70 mukutevedzana uye naizvozvo anganzi akanyorwa naDhavhidhi. Mapisarema gumi namaviri anonzi akanyorwa naAsafi, sezviri pachena achiratidzira imba yaAsafi, sezvo mamwe aiwawa achitaura nezvezviitiko zvapashure pezuva raAsafi. (Pis. 79; Pis 80; 1 Mako. 16:4, 5, 7; Ezra 2:41) Mapisarema gumi nerimwe nenzira yakananga anonzi akanyorwa navanakomana vaKora. (1 Mako. 6:31-38) Pisarema 43 rinoratidzika kuve pfuuridzirwo yePisarema 42, uye naizvozvo ringanziwo rakanyorwa navanakomana vaKora. Mukuwedzera kukududza “vanakomana vaKora,” Pisarema 88 rinotiwo Hemani akanyora mumashoko aro ari pamusoro, uye Pisarema 89 rinodudza Etani somunyori. Pisarema 90 rinonzi rakanyorwa naMosesi, uye Pisarema 91 zvimwe nderaMosesiwo. Pisarema 127 nderaSoromoni. Zvinopfuura zvikamu zviviri zvezvitatu zvamapisarema naizvozvo zvinonzi zvakanyorwa navanyori vakasiyana-siyana.
4. Inhamboi yenguva inofukidzwa nokunyora kwacho?
4 Bhuku reMapisarema ndiro bhuku rimwe gurusa reBhaibheri. Sezvinopupurirwa neMapisarema 90, 126, uye 137, rakanyorwa munguva refu, panenge kubvira panguva yakanyora Mosesi (1513-1473 B.C.E.) kutozosvikira pashure pokudzorerwa kubva Bhabhironi uye zvimwe zuva raEzra (537–munenge muna 460 B.C.E.). Nokudaro, kunyora kwacho kunoratidzika kuve kwakabatanidza anenge makore ane chiuru chimwe. Nguva inofukidzwa nezviri mukati yakakura zvikuru kwazvo, kunyange zvazvo zvakadaro, kutangira panguva yechisiko nokupfupikisa nhau yokubata kwaJehovha navabatiri vake kusvikira kunguva yokunyorwa kwemapisarema okupedzisira.
5. (a) Bhuku reMapisarema rinoratidzira sei kurongeka? (b) Mamwe mashokoi anogoverwa namashoko ari pamusoro? (c) Neiko kusati kuri madikanwa kududza shoko rokuti “Seʹlah” mukurava mapisarema?
5 Bhuku reMapisarema ndiro rinoratidzira kurongeka. Dhavhidhi amene anonongedzera ku“kufamba kwaMwari wangu, Mambo wangu, achipinda munzvimbo tsvene. Vaimbi vakatungamira, varidzi vemitengeranwa vakavatevera; pakati paiva navasikana vairidza makandira. Rumbidzai Mwari, Jehovha mumapoka akaungana.” (Pis. 68:24-26, NW) Ikoku kunopa chikonzero nokuda kwokutaura kunodzokororwa kazhinji kazhinji kwokuti “Kumutungamiriri” mumashoko ari pamusoro, pamwe chete namashoko enhetembwa mazhinji neenziyo dzamarimba. Mamwe mashoko ari pamusoro anotsanangura kushandiswa kana kuti chinangwa chepisarema kana kuti kugovera mirayiridzo yenziyo dzamarimba. (Ona mashoko ari pamusoro eMapisarema 6, 30, 38, 60, 88, 102, uye Pis 120.) Kwaanenge mapisarema 13 aDhavhidhi, akadai seMapisarema 18 uye 51, zviitiko zvinokurudzira kuunganidzwa kwawo anorondedzerwa nokupfupikisa. Mapisarema ana makumi matatu namana haana chose chose mashoko ari pamusoro. Shoko duku rokuti “Seʹlah,” rinowanika ka71 murugwaro rukuru, rinowanzofungwa kuva shoko rounyanzvi nokuda kwenziyo dzamarimba kana kuti kudzokorora, kunyange zvazvo revo yaro chaiyoiyo iri isingazivikanwi. Kunokarakadzwa navamwe kuti rinoratidzira kutindika nokuda kwokufungisisa kwokunyarara mukuimba kana kuti mose muri muviri mukuimba nomunziyo dzamarimba. Nokudaro, harifaniri kududzwa mukurava.
6. (a) Bhuku reMapisarema rakakamurwa kuva mumavhoriyamui akaparadzana? (b) Sezviri pachena ndianiko akaronga bhuku reMapisarema kuva muchimiro chokupedzisira?
6 Kubvira munguva dzekare, bhuku reMapisarema rakakamurwa kuva mabhuku mashanu akaparadzana, kana kuti mavhoriyamu, sezvinotevera: (1) Mapisarema 1-41; (2) Mapisarema 42-72; (3) Mapisarema 73-89; (4) Mapisarema 90-106; (5) Mapisarema 107-150. Kunoratidzika kuti muunganidzwa wokutanga weidzi nziyo wakaitwa naDhavhidhi. Sezviri pachena Ezra, muprista uye “munyori ane unyanzvi mumutemo waMosesi,” akanga ari iye akashandiswa naJehovha kuronga bhuku reMapisarema kuva chimiro chokupedzisira.—Ezra 7:6.
7. Ndaapi ari mamwe mativi eMapisarema anofanira kucherekedzwa?
7 Kukura kunofambira mberi kwomuunganidzwa wacho kungatsanangura chikonzero nei mamwe emapisarema achidzokororwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai seMapisarema 14 ne,53; 40:13-17 nePis 70; 57:7-11 nePis 108:1-5. Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvishanu chinopfiga nechikomborero chinodudzwa pana Jehovha, kana kuti mashoko erumbidzo—zvina zvokutanga zvaizvozvi zvichibatanidza mhinduro dzinoitwa navanhu uye chokupedzisira chichiva Pisarema 150 rose.—Pis. 41:13, NW, mashoko omuzasi.
8. Tsanangura uye ratidzira munyorerwo wenhetembwa umo mabhii okutanga neokupedzisira anoumba shoko mukunyora.
8 Mutoo chaiwo zvikuru wokunyora unoshandiswa mumapisarema mapfumbamwe; unonzi nhetembwa umo mabhii okutanga neokupedzisira anoumba shoko nemhaka yokuumbwa kwamaarufabheti awo. (Pisarema 9, 10, 25, 34, 37, 111, 112, 119, uye Pis 145) Mune uku kuumbwa ndima yokutanga kana kuti ndima dzendima yokutanga yenhetembwa dzinovamba nebhii rokutanga ramaarufabheti echiHebheru, ʼaʹleph (א), ndima dzinotevera nebhii rechipiri, behth (ב), zvichingunodaro, mumabhii ose kana kuti anenge ose amaarufabheti echiHebheru. Ikoku kungave kwakabatira seyamuro yeyeuko—chimbofunga hako nezvavaimbi vapatembere vaifanira kuyeuka nziyo dzakareba sePisarema 119! Nenzira inofadza, nhetembwa umo mabhii okutanga neokupedzisira anoumba shoko rezita raJehovha rinowanwa paPisarema 96:11. Hafu yokutanga yendima iyoyi muchiHebheru inoumbwa namashoko mana, uye mabhii okutanga amashoko aya, apo anoraviwa kubvira kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe, pana makonzonendi mana echiHebheru eTetragrammaton, YHWH (יהוה).
9. (a) Akawanda emapisarema anofadza ndangariro nomwoyo zvakananga nemhaka yamamiriroi ezvinhu ekare? (b) Chiizve chinobetsera simba rawo norunako?
9 Nhetembo idzi dzinoyera, dzenziyo dzinonyorwa mundima isingagumi nokunzwika kwakafanana kwechiHebheru uye dzinoratidzira runako rusingaenzaniswi rwomunyorero uye kutevedzana kunoguma nokunzwika kwakafanana kwemufungo. Dzinotaura zvakananga kundangariro nomwoyo. Dzinoratidzira mifananidzo yakajeka. Upamhi hunoshamisa noudzame, muzvose zviri zviviri musoro wenhau nemirangariro yakasimba inotaurwa, murutivi imhaka yezvakaitika zvechienzi zvoupenyu hwaDhavhidhi, zvinogovera mamiriro ezvinhu ekare kuakawanda emapisarema. Varume vashomanene vakararama upenyu hwakasiyana-siyana hwakadaro—somukomana mufudzi, murwi ari oga mukurwisana naGoriati, muridzi wamarimba mudare, asingadiwi pakati peshamwari dzakavimbika uye pakati pavanyengeri, mambo nomukundi, baba vane rudo vanokangaidzwa nokukamukana muimba yavo vamene, uyo akatambura kaviri ukasharari hwechivi chakakomba bva nguva dzose akanga ari munamati ane mbavarira waJehovha nomudi woMutemo Wake. Pamamiriro ezvinhu ekare akadaro, hakushamisi kuti bhuku reMapisarema rinotaura mirangariro yose yavanhu! Dzinobetsera simba raro norunako ndidzo fanano nemisiyano yenhetembo zviri chaizvoizvo kwazvo zvendima yechiHebheru.—Pis. 1:6; 22:20; 42:1; 121:3, 4.
10. Chii chinopupurira uchokwadi hweMapisarema?
10 Uchokwadi hweidzi nziyo zhinjisa dzekare zvikurusa kurumbidzwo yaJehovha hunopupurirwa zvakakwana nokuva kwadzo mutsinhirano yakakwana norutivi rwose rwasara rwaMagwaro. Bhuku reMapisarema rinonokorwa mashoko kakawanda navanyori vaMagwaro echiGiriki echiKristu. (Pis. 5:9 [VaR. 3:13]; Pis. 10:7 [VaR. 3:14]; Pis. 24:1 [1 VaK. 10:26]; Pis. 50:14; [Mat. 5:33]; Pis. 78:24 [Joh. 6:31]; Pis. 102:25-27 [VaH. 1:10-12]; Pis. 112:9 [2 VaK. 9:9]) Dhavhidhi amene akati murwiyo rwake rwokupedzisa: “Mudzimu waJehovha ndiwo wakataura kupfurikidza neni, uye shoko rake rakanga riri parurimi rwangu.” Wakanga uri uyu mudzimu wakanga washanda paari kubvira pazuva rokuzodzwa kwake naSamueri. (2 Sam. 23:2, NW; 1 Sam. 16:13) Mukuwedzera, vaapostora vakanokora mashoko muMapisarema. Petro akanongedzera ku“rugwaro . . . urwo mudzimu mutsvene wakataura pachine nguva mberi kupfurikidza nomuromo waDhavhidhi,” uye mukunokora mashoko kwakati muMapisarema, munyori kuvaHebheru akanongedzera kwaari sokutaura kwakataurwa naMwari kana kuti zvimwe akasuma namashoko anoti, “seizvo chaizvo mudzimu mutsvene unotaura.”—Mabasa 1:16, NW; Mab 4:25; VaH. 1:5-14; 3:7, NW; VaH 5:5, 6.
11. Chipupuriro chinotsigira chinogumiswa sei nokutaura kwaJesu amene?
11 Tichisvika kuchibvumikiso chakasimba zvikurusa chouchokwadi, tinonokora mashoko Jesu, Ishe akamutswa, achiti kuvaapostora vake: “Aya ndiwo mashoko angu andakataura kwamuri . . . kuti zvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa mumutemo waMosesi nomuVaporofita neMapisarema pamusoro pangu zvinofanira kuzadzikwa.” Jesu ipapo akanga achiunganidza Magwaro ose echiHebheru munzira yaigamuchirwa navaJudha uye yaisanozivikanwa kwavari. Kududza kwake Mapisarema kwakabatanidza boka rose rechitatu raMagwaro, rinonzi Hagiographa (kana kuti Manyoro Matsvene), Mapisarema akanga ari bhuku raro rokutanga. Ikoku kunosimbiswa neizvo akataura maawa mashomanene nguva iyoyi isati yasvika kuna vaviri vachienda Emausi, apo “akavadudzira zvinhu zvakanyorwa pamusoro pake muMagwaro ose.”—Ruka 24:27, 44, NW.
ZVIRI MUBHUKU REMAPISAREMA
12. Mapisarema anokurumidza sei kutanga musoro womufarwa, pamwe chete nomusoro woUmambo?
12 Bhuku Rokutanga (Mapisarema 1-41). Iwawa ose nenzira yakananga anonzi akanyorwa naDhavhidhi kunze kweMapisarema 1, 2, 10, uye Pis 33. Pisarema 1 rinobata nepfundo rinokosha pakutanga, sezvarinoti unofara munhu unofarira mutemo waJehovha, achiurangarira masikati nousiku kuti autevere, mukupesana navatadzi vasiri voumwari. Uku ndiko kutaurwa kwokutanga kwomufaro kunowanwa muMapisarema. Pisarema 2 rinotanga nomubvunzo unodenha uye rinotaura nezvokudzivisa kwakabatanidzwa kwamadzimambo ose navakuru vakuru vapasi “mukurwisana naJehovha uye mukurwisana nomuzodziwa wake.” Jehovha anovaseka dzokonokei otaura kwavari akatsamwa zvikuru, achiti: “Ini, kunyange ini, ndakagadza mambo wangu paZioni, gomo rangu dzvene.” Iye ndiye uchapwanya ndokuputsanya chishoro chose. Imi mamwe madzimambo navatongi, “batirai Jehovha nokutya” uye bvumai Mwanakomana Wake kutyira kuti mungaparara! (2 Ndima 2, 6, 11, NW) Nokudaro Mapisarema anokurumidza kutanga musoro woUmambo weBhaibheri.
13. Muunganidzwa wokutanga wemapisarema unotanhamarisa chiizve?
13 Muuyu muunganidzwa wokutanga, minyengetero, yose iri miviri yokukumbira neyokuonga, yakatanhamara. Pisarema 8 rinosiyanisa ukuru hwaJehovha nouduku hwomunhu, uye Pisarema 14 rinoratidza ufuza hwavanhu vanoramba kuzviisa pasi pechiremera chaMwari. Pisarema 19 rinoratidza kuti chisiko chinoshamisa chaJehovha Mwari chinozivisa sei mbiri yake, uye 19 ndima 7-14 dzinokudza betsero dzinotusa dzokuchengeta mutemo wakakwana waMwari, uyo unoratidzirwa gare gare pamwero mukuru zvikuru muPisarema 119. Pisarema 23 rinogamuchirwa munzvimbo iri yose sohumwe hwounyanzvi hwokunyora mabhuku ose, asi rakatoisvonaka zvikuru mukupfava kwakaisvonaka kwokutaura kwaro chivimbo chokuvimbika kuna Jehovha. Haiwa, kuti isu tose tigo‘gara muimba yaJehovha, Mufudzi Mukuru, kusvikira kumazuva marefu’! (23:1, 6) Pisarema 37 rinopa zano rakanaka kuvanhu vanotya Mwari vanogara pakati pavaiti vezvakaipa, uye Pisarema 40 rinotaura mufaro wokuita kuda kwaMwari, kunyange sezvakaita Dhavhidhi.
14. Chii chinotaurwa pamusoro porudzikinuro muBhuku Rechipiri reMapisarema, uye minyengeteroi yaDhavhidhi inotanhamariswa?
14 Bhuku Rechipiri (Mapisarema 42-72). Ichi chikamu chinotanga nemapisarema masere avaKora. Mapisarema 42 ne43 ose ari maviri anonzi akanyorwa navanakomana vaKora, sezvo pamwe chete chaizvoizvo ari nhetembwa imwe mundima nhatu dzenhetembo dzakabatanidzwa pamwe chete nendima inodzokororwa yadzokororwazve. (42:5, 11; 43:5) Pisarema 49 rinosimbisa kusabvira kwokugovera kwomunhu mudzikinuri wake amene, uye rinonongedzera kuna Mwari souyo akasimba zvakakwana kudzikinura munhu “pasimba reSheori.” (49 Ndima 15) Pisarema 51 munyengetero waDhavhidhi, wakataurwa pashure pechivi chake chakakomba naBhati-shebha, mudzimai waUria muHiti, uye rinoratidza rupfidzo rwake rwechokwadi. (2 Sam. 11:1–12:24) Ichi chikamu chinopfiga nepisarema “pamusoro paSoromoni,” munyengetero nokuda kwokutonga kwake kune rugare uye kuti chikomborero chaJehovha chive naye.—Pis. 72.
15. Bhuku Rechitatu rinotaurei pamusoro penhau yaIsraeri, rutongeso rwaJehovha, uye sungano yake yoUmambo?
15 Bhuku Rechitatu (Mapisarema 73-89). Anenge maviri aiwawa, Mapisarema 74 ne79, akanyorwa pashure poruparadziko rweJerusarema muna 607 B.C.E. Anochema iyi ngwavaira huru uye anoteterera Jehovha kuti abetsere vanhu vake ‘nokuda kwembiri yezita rake.’ (79:9) Pisarema 78 rinorondedzera nhau yaIsraeri kubvira panguva yaMosesi kutozosvikira apo Dhavhidhi aka“vamba kuvafudza maererano neperero yomwoyo wake” (78 ndima 72, NW), uye Pisarema 80 rinonongedzera kuna Jehovha so“Mufudzi waIsraeri” chaiyeiye. (80 Ndima 1) Mapisarema 82 ne83 mikumbiro yakasimba kuna Jehovha kuti aite rutongeso rwake pavavengi vake uye vavengi vavanhu vake. Panzvimbo pokuva yamatsive, iyi mikumbiro ndeyechinangwa cho“kuti vanhu vagotsvaka zita renyu, haiwa Jehovha . . . , [uye] kuti vanhu vagoziva kuti imi, mune zita rinonzi Jehovha, imi moga ndimi Wokumusorosoro pamusoro papasi rose.” (83:16, 18, NW) Pakupedzisira mune ichi chikamu munouya Pisarema 89, rinosimbisa kuti “ndi[cha]reva ngoni dzaJehovha,” sezvinoratidzwa nenzira yakatanhamara musungano yake yakaitwa naDhavhidhi. Iyoyi iri nokuda kwomudyi wenhaka asingaperi kuchigaro choumambo chaDhavhidhi, uyo achatonga kusvikira kunguva isingazivikanwi pamberi paJehovha!—89 Ndima 1, 34-37.
16. Bhuku Rechina rinokudza sei umambo hwaJehovha nokuchengeta kwake sungano?
16 Bhuku Rechina (Mapisarema 90-106). Kufanana neBhuku Rechitatu, irori rine mapisarema 17. Rinovamba nomunyengetero waMosesi, richisiyanisa zvikuru kuvapo kusingagumi kwaMwari nenduramo pfupi yomunhu anofa. Pisarema 92 rinokudza mavara makuru aJehovha. Tevere pane boka riya rakaisvonaka, Mapisarema 93-100, ayo anovamba nokudanidzira kunonyandura, “Jehovha amene ava mambo!” Nokudaro “imi mose vanhu vapasi” munokumbirwa kuti mu“imbire Jehovha, murumbidze zita rake . . . , nokuti Jehovha mukuru uye anofanira kurumbidzwa zvikuru kwazvo.” “Jehovha mukuru muZioni.” (93:1; 96:1, 2, 4; 99:2, NW) Mapisarema 105 ne106 anoonga Jehovha nokuda kwamabasa ake anoshamisa nokuda kwavanhu vake uye nokuda kwokuchengeta kwake nokutendeka sungano yake naAbrahama mukupa mbeu yake nyika, pasinei hapo nokunyunyuta kwavo kusingaverengeki nokudzokera shure.
17. Pisarema 104 nderefariro yei yechienzi, uye musoroi unodzokororwa kubvira papfundo rino zvichienda mberi?
17 Refariro yechienzi iPisarema 104. Irori rinokudza Jehovha nokuda kwechiremera noukomba zvaakazvipfekedza amene, uye rinorondedzera uchenjeri hwake sohunoratidzirwa mumabasa ake akawanda nezviitwa pasi pano. Tevere musoro webhuku rose reMapisarema unoratidzirwa nesimba rakazara, sezvo kukuwa kunooneka kwenguva yokutanga: “Rumbidzai Jah, imi vanhu!” (104 Ndima 35, NW) Uku kudanidzira kuvanamati vechokwadi kuti vape Jehovha rumbidzo yakafanira zita rake, muchiHebheru, kunongova shoko chete ha·lelu–Yahʹ kana kuti “Hareruya,” chiri chimiro chapashure chiri chakarovedzeka kuvanhu mupasi rose nhasi. Kubva pane iyi ndima zvichienda mberi, kutaura kwacho kunooneka ka24, mapisarema anoverengeka pose pari paviri achitanga nokupfiga nako.
18. (a) Ikorasii inosimbisa Pisarema 107? (b) Ndaapi anonzi Mapisarema aHareri?
18 Bhuku Rechishanu (Mapisarema 107-150). Mupisarema 107 tine rondedzerwo yokununura kwaJehovha, kunova pamwe chete nekorasi yorwiyo: “Haiwa vanhu ngavarumbidze Jehovha nokuda kwomutsa wake worudo uye nokuda kwamabasa ake anoshamisa kuvanakomana vavanhu.” (107 Ndima 8, 15, 21, 31, NW) Mapisarema 113 kusvikira ku118 ndiwo anonzi Mapisarema aHareri. Mukuwirirana neMishnah, iwawa akaimbwa navaJudha paPaseka napamitambo yePentekosta, Matumba, uye Tsauriro.
19. Mapisarema 117 ne119 anosiyana sei, uye ndaapi ari mamwe amativi erepashure?
19 Pisarema 117 rine simba mukupfava kwaro, richiva pfupisa ramapisarema ose namaganhuro ari muBhaibheri. Pisarema 119 irefu zvikurusa ramapisarema ose namaganhuro eBhaibheri, richava nehwerengedzo yendima 176 mundima dzaro dzendima 22 dzenhetembwa dzakarongwa mumaarufabheti endima 8 imwe neimwe. Dzose kunze kwembiri bedzi dzeidzi ndima (119:90 ne122) dzinonongedzera munzira yakati kushoko kana kuti mutemo waJehovha Mwari, dzichidzokorora kanoverengeka kana kuti kutaura kwose (mutemo, chiyeuchidzo, mirau, mirayiro, zvisarudzo zvokutonga) zvePisarema 19:7-14 (NW) mundima imwe neimwe yenhetembwa. Shoko raMwari rinonongedzerwa kwariri kanopfuura ka170 nokumwe chete kana kuti kumwe kwokutaura 8 kunotevera: murayiro (mirayiro), chisarudzo chokutonga (zvisarudzo zvokutonga), mutemo, mirau, mirayiro, chiyeuchidzo (zviyeuchidzo), kutaura, uye shoko (mashoko).
20, 21. (a) Ndedzipi dziri Nziyo dzoKukwira? (b) Dzinotaura sei nzwisiso yaDhavhidhi yokudikanwa kwokunamata kwakabatana?
20 Tevere, tinowana rimwe boka ramapisarema, Nziyo 15 dzoKukwira, Mapisarema 120-134. Vashanduri vakashandura uku kutaura munzira dzakasiyana-siyana nemhaka yokuti revo yako hainzwisiswi zvizere. Vamwe vanoti kunonongedzera kuzviri mukati zvakakwirira zvaaya mapisarema, kunyange zvazvo kusingaratidziki kuva kune chikonzero chakajeka chokuzvikwidza pamusoro pamamwe mapisarema akafuridzirwa. Vatsinhiri vakawanda vanokarakadza kuti musoro wacho unobva mukushandiswa kweidzi nziyo navanamati vaikwidza, kana kuti vai“kwira,” kuJerusarema nokuda kwemitambo yegore negore, rwendo rwokudzimbahwe rwuchiva rwairangarirwa sokukwira nemhaka yokuti guta rakanga riri pamusoro mumakomo aJudha. (Enzanisa naEzra 7:9.) Dhavhidhi zvikurukuru akanga ane nzwisiso huru yechinodikanwa chokuti vanhu vaMwari vabatane mukunamata. Akafara kunzwa kokero, inoti: “Hendei kumba kwaJehovha”; uye ndudzi dzaikwira, “kuti [dzi]onge zita raJehovha.” Nemhaka yaikoko akatsvakisisa rugare, chengeteko, uye rubudiriro zveJerusarema, achinyengetera, kuti: “Nokuda kweimba yaJehovha Mwari wedu ndichakutsvakira zvakanaka.”—Pis. 122:1, 4, 9.
21 Pisarema 132 rinotaura nezvemhiko yaDhavhidhi yokusazvipa amene zororo kutozosvikira awanira Jehovha nzvimbo yokuzorora yakakodzera, seyakamirirwa neareka yesungano. Pashure pokunge Areka yavakwa muZioni, Jehovha anorondedzerwa muchikamu chamashoko chakaisvonaka chenhetembwa seanoti akasarudza Zioni, “nzvimbo yangu yokuzorora nokusingaperi; ndichagara pano, nokuti ndakapada.” Akaziva iyi nzvimbo yapakati yokunamatira, “nokuti ipapo Jehovha akarayira chikomborero.” “Jehovha ngaakukomborei ari muZioni.”—132:1-6, 13, 14; 133:3; 134:3, NW; onawo Pisarema 48.
22. (a) Kufanirwa kwaJehovha nokurumbidzwa kunokudzwa sei? (b) Musoro une mbiri webhuku racho unokwira sei kumugumo mumapisarema okugumisira?
22 Pisarema 135 rinokudza Jehovha saMwari anorumbidzwa anoita chose chaanoda, mukupesana nezvidhori zvisina maturo nezvisingabetseri, zvina vaiti vazvo vachava vakafanana chaizvoizvo nazvo. Pisarema 136 nderokuimba kwokupindura, ndima imwe neimwe ichigumisira, nokuti: “Nokuti mutsa wake worudo ndewekunguva isingazivikanwi.” (NW) Kupindura kwakadaro kunoratidzwa kuva kwaishandiswa panhambo dzakawanda. (1 Mako. 16:41; 2 Mako. 5:13; 7:6; 20:21; Ezra 3:11) Pisarema 137 rinorondedzera kupanga Zioni kwakanga kuri mumwoyo yavaJudha apo vakatapwa muBhabhironi uye rinopupurirawo kuti havana kukanganwa nziyo, kana kuti mapisarema, eZioni kunyange zvazvo vakanga vari kure nenyika yokumusha kwavo. Pisarema 145 rinokudza runako rwaJehovha noumambo, richiratidza kuti iye “unochengeta vose vanomuda; asi vakaipa uchavaparadza vose.” (145 Ndima 20) Ipapo, semhedziso inonyandura, Mapisarema 146-150 anotangazve musoro une mbiri webhuku racho, rimwe nerimwe richivamba nokuguma namashoko anoti, “Rumbidzai Jah, imi vanhu!” (NW) Urwu rwiyo rwerumbidzo runokwira kusvika kumugumo mukuru muPisarema rechi150, apo ka13 mundima nhanhatu runokumbira chisiko chose kuti chirumbidze Jehovha.
CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA
23. (a) Ishokoi benyu riri muMapisarema? (b) Zita raJehovha nouchangamire zvinokudzwa sei?
23 Nemhaka yorunako namanyorerwe awo akakwana, mapisarema eBhaibheri anofanira kubatanidzwa pakati pamabhuku makurusa mumutauro upi noupi. Zvisinei, iwo anopfuura zvikuru kuva mabhuku. Iwo ishoko benyu rinobva kuna Changamire Mukurusa wechisiko chose, Jehovha Mwari amene. Anopa nzwisiso huru mudzidziso huru dzeBhaibheri, achitanga kutaura uye zvikurusa nezvaJehovha, Munyori waro. Anoratidzwa zvakajeka kuva Musiki wechisiko chose uye chinhu chiri chose chiri machiri. (8:3-9; 90:1, 2; 100:3; 104:1-5, 24; 139:14) Zita rokuti Jehovha rinokudzwa zvirokwazvo mubhuku reMapisarema, umo rinooneka kanenge ka700. Mukuwedzera, chimiro chakapfupikiswa chokuti “Jah,” (NW) chinowanwa ka43, zvokuti pamwe chete zita raMwari rinodudzwa kanenge ka5, paavhareji, muPisarema rimwe nerimwe. Uyezve, Jehovha anotaurwa nezvake kanenge ka350 saʼElo·himʹ, kana kuti Mwari. Utongi hukurusa hwaJehovha hunoratidzwa munongedzero kwaari sa“Ishe” mumapisarema akati.—68:20; 69:6; 71:5; 73:28; 140:7; 141:8.
24. Chii chinotaurwa muMapisarema pamusoro pomunhu anofa, uye izanoi rakanaka rinopiwa?
24 Mukupesana naMwari asingagumi, munhu anofa anoratidzwa kuva anoberekerwa muchivi uye anoda mununuri, uye anoratidzwa seanofa uye anodzokera ku“guruva,” achiburukira muSheori, guva ravose rorudzi rwomunhu. (6:4, 5; 49:7-20; 51:5, 7; 89:48; 90:1-5; 115:17; 146:4) Bhuku reMapisarema rinosimbisa kudikanwa kwokutetekera mutemo waMwari nokuvimba naJehovha. (1:1, 2; 62:8; 65:5; 77:12; 115:11; 118:8; 119:97, 105, 165) Rinonyevera pamusoro pokuzvitutumadza uye “zvitadzo zvakavanzika” (19:12-14; 131:1) uye rinokurudzira songaniro dzokutendeseka nedzakanaka. (15:1-5; 26:5; 101:5) Rinoratidza kuti mufambiro wakarurama unounza tendero yaJehovha. (34:13-15; 97:10) Rinopa tariro yakajeka mukutaura kuti “ruponeso runobva kuna Jehovha” uye kuti kana vari avo vanomutya, acha“rwira mweya wavo parufu [rumene].” (3:8; 33:19) Ikoku kunotisvitsa kurutivi rwouporofita.
25. (a) Bhuku reMapisarema rakadokuva rakazadzwa nechii? (b) Petro akashandisa sei Mapisarema mukuzivisa Dhavhidhi Mukuru?
25 Bhuku reMapisarema rinodokuva rakazadzwa nouporofita hunonongedzera mberi kuna Jesu Kristu, “mwanakomana waDhavhidhi,” uye basa raaizoita soMuzodziwa naMambo waJehovha.a (Mat. 1:1) Sezvo ungano yechiKristu yakava mhenyu pazuva rePentekosta 33 C.E., mudzimu mutsvene wakavamba kuvhenekera vaapostora pamusoro pezadziko youhu uporofita. Pazuva irero rimene, Petro akanokora anokorazve mashoko muMapisarema mukusimudzira musoro wehurukuro yake yakakurumbira. Iwowu wakanga une chokuita nomumwe munhu: “Jesu weNazareta.” Rutivi rwapashure rwechibvumikiso chake rwakavakirwa panodokuva chose chose pakunokora mashoko muMapisarema achibvumikisa kuti Kristu Jesu ndiye Dhavhidhi Mukuru uye kuti Jehovha haasati aizosiya mweya waJesu muHadhesi asi aizomumutsa muna vakafa. Aiwa, “Dhavhidhi haana kukwira kudenga,” asi sezvo iye akafanotaura paPisarema 110:1, Ishe wake akakwira. Ndianiko ari Ishe waDhavhidhi? Petro anosvika mugumo wake mukuru uye anopindura nesimba, kuti: “Uyu Jesu wamakarovera”!—Mabasa 2:14-36; Pis. 16:8-11; 132:11.
26. Hurukuro yaPetro yakabvumikisa sei kuva inobetsera?
26 Hurukuro yaPetro, yakavakirwa paMapisarema, yakabetsera here? Rubhapatidzo rwavanenge 3 000 vakawedzerwa kuungano yechiKristu pazuva rimwe chetero runotaura irwo rwumene.—Mabasa 2:41.
27. “Mudzimu mutsvene” wakadudzira sei Pisarema 2?
27 Nokukurumidza pashure pacho, pakuungana chaiko, vaapostora vakateterera kuna Jehovha ndokunokora mashoko Pisarema 2:1, 2. Vakataura kuti irori rakanga razadzikwa muchishoro chakabatanidzwa chavatongi mukurwisana na“Jesu mubatiri mutsvene [waMwari], uyo [Mwari] akazodza.” Uye nhoroondo yacho inopfuurira kutaura kuti ivo “vose vakazadzwa nomudzimu mutsvene.”—Mabasa 4:23-31, NW.
28. (a) Kupfurikidza nokushandiswa kweMapisarema, Pauro anokudziridza chibvumikisoi muna VaHebheru maganhuro 1 kusvikira ku3? (b) Pisarema 110:4 rinogovera sei hwaro nokuda kwokukurukura kwaPauro uprista hwaMerkizedheki?
28 Tarira, zvino, tsamba yokuvaHebheru. Mumaganhuro maviri okutanga, tinowana kunokorwa mashoko kwakati muMapisarema pamusoro poukuru hwaJesu, soMwanakomana wokudenga waMwari akagadzwa pachigaro choumambo, pamusoro pengirozi. Pauro anoratidza kubva muPisarema 22:22 nedzimwe nongedzero kuti Jesu ane ungano ye“hama,” rutivi rwembeu yaAbrahama na“vagoverani vokudana kwokudenga.” (VaH. 2:10-13, 16; 3:1, NW) Ipapo, kuvambira pana VaHebheru 6:20, (NW) uye kupfuurira kusvikira kuVaH ganhuro 7, muapostora anokudziridza nzvimbo yokuwedzera iyo Jesu anayo so“muprista mukuru maererano nomutoo waMerkizedheki nokusingaperi.” Ikoku kunonongedzera kuchipikirwa chakasungwa nemhiko chaMwari chiri paPisarema 110:4, icho Pauro anonongedzera kwachiri nguva nenguva mukubvumikisa ukuru hwouprista hwaJesu pane uhwo hwaAroni. Pauro anotsanangura kuti kupfurikidza nemhiko yaJehovha Jesu Kristu muprista, kwete pasi pano, asi mudenga uye “anogara ari muprista nokusingaperi”—betsero dzebasa rake rouprista dzichava dzisingagumi.—VaH. 7:3, 15-17, 23-28, NW.
29. Muenzanisoi wakatanhamara wokuzvipira watinofanira kutetekera, sezvakataurwa muMapisarema ndokutsanangurwa pana VaHebheru 10:5-10?
29 Uyezve, pana VaHebheru 10:5-10, tinoudzwa nezvenzwisiso yakaisvonaka yaJesu yenzira yechibayiro iyo yakanga iri kuda kwaMwari nokuda kwake neyokutsunga kwake kuita kuda ikoko. Ikoku kwakavakirwa pamashoko aDhavhidhi ari paPisarema 40:6-8. Uyu mudzimu womuenzaniso wokuzvipira ndowebetsero hurusa yokuti isu tose tirangarire uye kutevedzera kuti tiwane tendero yaMwari.—Onawo Pisarema 116:14-19.
30. Mapisarema akafanotaura sei nzira yaJesu muudzame, uye anofanira kuve akawana sei nyaradzo maari?
30 Nzira iyo Jesu akatora, yakagumira mumuedzo iwoyo wakakomba waakatsungirira padanda rokutambudzira, wakafanotaurwa muMapisarema muudzame hunoshamisa. Iwoyu wakabatanidza kupiwa kwake vhiniga kuti anwe, kukandwa kwemijenya nokuda kwenguo dzake dzokunze, kubatwa kwoutsinye kwamaoko ake netsoka, kusekwa, uye marwadzo endangariro akatokasharara zvikuru nokudanidzira ikoko kwokurwadziwa: “Mwari wangu, Mwari wangu, mandisiyireiko?” (Mat. 27:34, 35, 43, 46; Pis. 22:1, 7, 8, 14-18; 69:20, 21) Sezvinoratidzirwa naJohane 19:23-30, kunyange mukati mamaawa iwawo, Jesu anofanira kuva akawana nyaradzo huru nenhungamiro muMapisarema, achiziva hake kuti magwaro ose iwawa aifanira kuzadzikwa kusvikira kuudzame hwokupedzisira. Jesu aiziva kuti Mapisarema akataurawo pamusoro porumuko rwake nokukudzwa. Pasina panikiro akanga achirangarira zvinhu zvakadaro pakutungamirira mu“kuimba rumbidzo,” kana kuti mapisarema, navaapostora vake pausiku hwokupedzisira asati afa.—Mat. 26:30, NW.
31. Bhuku reMapisarema rinofanotaurei pamusoro peMbeu yoUmambo neungano yaJesu?
31 Nokudaro Mapisarema anozivisa zvakajeka “mwanakomana waDhavhidhi” uye Mbeu yoUmambo kuva Kristu Jesu, uyo zvino akakudzwa seari zvose zviri zviviri Mambo noMuprista muZioni rokudenga. Nzvimbo haibvumidzi rondedzero muudzame hwezvikamu zvose zvamashoko zvomuMapisarema zvinonokorwa mashoko muMagwaro echiGiriki echiKristu zvinozadzika muno uyu Muzodziwa waJehovha, asi mimwe mienzaniso mishomanene zvikuru yakarongwa pano: Pis. 78:2—Mat. 13:31-35; Pis. 69:4—Joh. 15:25; Pis. 118:22, 23—Marko 12:10, 11 uye Mabasa 4:11; Pis. 34:20—Joh. 19:33, 36; Pis. 45:6, 7—VaH. 1:8, 9. Uyewo, ungano yaJesu yavateveri vechokwadi inofanotaurwa muMapisarema, kwete savanhu vamwe navamwe, asi seboka rinopinzwa munyasha dzaMwari rinobva mumarudzi ose kuzogoverana mubasa rerumbidzo kuzita raJehovha.—Pis. 117:1—VaR. 15:11; Pis. 68:18—VaEf. 4:8-11; Pis. 95:7-11—VaH. 3:7, 8; 4:7.
32. (a) Kufunda Mapisarema kunozivisei pamusoro perevererwo yaJehovha nezvinangwa zvoUmambo? (b) Mukunzwisisa umambo hwake, tinofanira kuratidzira sei ruvimbiko nokuonga?
32 Kufunda kwedu Mapisarema kunowedzera zvizhinji kunzwisiso yedu youmambo hwaJehovha Mwari, uhwo Iye anoshandisa kupfurikidza neMbeu yakapikirwa noMudyi Wenhaka woUmambo, kumbiri Yake nerevererwo. Nguva dzose ngative pakati pavakavimbika ivavo vanofarira ‘ukomba hune mbiri hwechiremera chaJehovha’ uye avo vanotaurwa nezvavo muPisarema 145, rinonongedzerwa kwariri se“rumbidzo, yaDhavhidhi”: “Vachataura vachireva kubwinya kwoushe hwenyu, nokuparidza simba renyu; kuti vazivise vanakomana vavanhu mabasa ake ane simba, nokubwinya kwoumambo hwoushe hwake. Ushe hwenyu ndihwo ushe husingaperi, noumambo hwenyu huchagara nokusingaperi.” (Pis. 145:5, 11-13) Mukuwirirana nepisarema rouporofita, ukomba hwoUmambo hwakagadzwa hwaMwari hunodzorwa naKristu kunyange zvino huri kuziviswa kuvanakomana vavanhu mumarudzi ose. Tinofanira kuonga sei nokuda kwoUmambo ihwohwo naMambo wahwo! Akakodzera, zvirokwazvo, ndiwo mashoko okupfiga aMapisarema, anoti: “Chinhu chiri chose chinofema—ngachirumbidze Jah. Rumbidzai Jah, imi vanhu!”—150:6, NW.
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
a Insight on the Scriptures, Vhor. 2, mapeji 710-11.