Bhuku reBhaibheri Nhamba 63—2 Johane

Munyori: Muapostora Johane

Nzvimbo Yakanyorerwa: Efeso, kana kuti pedyo

Kunyora Kwakapedzwa: Munenge muna 98 C.E.

1. Tsamba yaJohane Yechipiri ingave yakanyorerwa vanaani?

TSAMBA yechipiri yaJohane ipfupi—ingagona kuve yakanyorwa papepa rimwe renhokwe—asi yakazara nerevo. Yakanyorwa “kuna mai vakasanangurwa navana vavo.” Sezvo “Kyria” (chiGiriki nokuda kwa“mai”) raivapo sezita panguva yacho, dzimwe nyanzvi dzeBhaibheri dzinofunga kuti mumwe munhu aidaidzwa nezita iroro akanga achinyorerwa. Pane rumwe rutivi, kunofungwa navamwe kuti Johane akanga achinyorera ungano yechiKristu, achinongedzera kwairi sa“mai vakasanangurwa.” Ikoku kungave kwakaitirwa kuvhiringidza vatambudzi. Kana zvakadaro, kwaziso ye“vana vemunun’una wenyu” inodudzwa mundima yokupedzisira yaizova iyo yemitezo yeimwe ungano. Naizvozvo tsamba yechipiri yakanga isina kunzi ive nezvakawanda seyokutanga, nokuti sezviri pachena yakanyorerwa mumwe munhu kana kuti zvimwe ungano imwe yakati.—2Jo Ndima 1.

2. (a) Ufakazii hunonongedzera kumuapostora Johane somunyori wetsamba yaJohane Yechipiri? (b) Chii chinokarakadza kuti tsamba yacho yakanyorwa mukati kana kuti pedyo neEfeso, munenge muna 98 C.E., uye chii chinotsigira uchokwadi hwayo?

² Hapana chikonzero chokupanikira kuti Johane akanyora iyi tsamba. Munyori wacho anozvidana amene kuti “mukuru.” Ikoku kunokodzera zvirokwazvo Johane kwete bedzi nemhaka youkweguru hwake asiwo nemhaka yokuti, somumwe we“mbiru” (VaG. 2:9) uye muapostora wokugumisira kurarama, akanga ari “mukuru” zvirokwazvo muungano yechiKristu. Aisanozivikanwa, uye hapana imwe zivikanwo yaizodikanwa nokuda kwavaravi vake. Kunyora kwake kunoratidzirwawo nekufanana munyorero nouyo wetsamba yokutanga neEvhangeri yaJohane. Kufanana netsamba yokutanga, tsamba yechipiri inoratidzika kuva yakanyorwa mukati kana kuti makapoteredza Efeso, munenge muna 98 C.E. Nezvebhuku raJohane Wechipiri noWechitatu, Cyclopedia yaMcClintock naStrong inotsinhira kuti: “Kubva mukufanana kwadzo kwose hako, tingafungidzira kuti tsamba mbiri dzacho dzakanyorwa nokukurumidza pashure peTsamba yokutanga yakabva kuEfeso. Dzose dziri mbiri dzinoshanda kuzviitiko zvimwe nezvimwe zvomufambiro zvine nheyo dzakanga dzavanzarikwa dzakakwana muTsamba yokutanga.”a Mukutsigira uchokwadi hwayo, tsamba yacho inonokorwa mashoko naIrenaeus, wezana ramakore rechipiri, uye yakagamuchirwa naClement weAlexandria, wenhambo imwe cheteyo.b Uyewo, tsamba dzaJohane dzakarongwa muMuratorian Fragment.

3. Neiko Johane akanyora tsamba yacho?

³ Sezvazvakanga zvakaita naJohane Wokutanga, chikonzero cheiyi tsamba kudenha kunotyisa kunoitwa navadzidzisi venhema mukurwisana nokutenda kwechiKristu. Johane anoda kunyevera varavi vake pamusoro pavakadaro kuti vagone kuvaziva ndokuvadzivisa, apo vanenge vachipfuurira kufamba muzvokwadi, mukudana.

ZVIRI MUBHUKU RAJOHANE RECHIPIRI

4. Neiko zvikurukuru Johane achirayira kudana, uye avo vanopfuura dzidziso yaKristu vanofanira kubatwa sei?

⁴ Danai; rambai vakaramba kutenda (Ndima 1-13). Pashure pokuratidzira kuda kwake zvokwadi nokuda kwa‘mai vakasarudzwa navana vavo,’ Johane anofara kuti akawana vamwe vavo vachifamba muzvokwadi, sezvakarayirwa naBaba. Anokumbira kuti varatidze kudana kwavo kupfurikidza nokupfuurira kufamba maererano nemirayiro yaMwari. Nokuti vanyengeri navanaantikristu vakapinda munyika, vasingabvumi Jesu Kristu seanouya munyama. Iye uyo anopfuura dzidziso yaKristu haana Mwari, asi uyo anorambira muiyi dzidziso “una vose vari vaviri Baba noMwanakomana” (NW). Munhu upi noupi asingaunzi iyi dzidziso haafaniri kugamuchirwa mumisha yavo, uyewo haafaniri kunyange kukwaziswa. Johane ane zvinhu zvakawanda zvokuvanyorera, asi panzvimbo pezvo anokarira kuuya ndokutaura navo vachionana, kuti mufaro wavo “uzadziswe.”—Ndima 9, 12.

CHIKONZERO NEI RICHIBETSERA

5. (a) Mamiriroi ezvinhu akamuka muzuva raJohane ayo akamukawo munguva dzazvino uno? (b) Kufanana naJohane, isu nhasi tinogona sei kuratidza kuonga chinzwano cheungano?

⁵ Kunoratidzika kuti muzuva raJohane, somunguva dzazvino uno, kwakanga kune vamwe vakanga vasingagutswi nokugara nedzidziso dzakajeka, dzakapfava dzaKristu. Vaida chimwe chinhu chokuwedzera, chimwe chinhu chaizonyandura kuzvikoshesa kwavo, chimwe chinhu chaizovakwidziridza ndokuvaisa muboka raiva navazivi venyika, uye vakanga vachidisa kushatisa uye kukamura ungano yechiKristu kuti vagowana vavariro dzavo dzoudyire. Johane aikoshesa tsinhirano yeungano iri murudo uye mudzidziso yakarurama muumwe naBaba noMwanakomana. Tinofanira kukoshesa zvakaenzana chinzwano cheungano nhasi, tichitoramba ushamwaridzani kana kuti kukwazisana naavo vanoramba kutenda vachienda kuimwe dzidziso inopfuura yakagamuchirwa kupfurikidza naMagwaro akafuridzirwa. Kupfurikidza nokupfuurira kufamba maererano nemirayiro yaMwari, uye mumwero wakazara womufaro unowanikwa musonganiro yechiKristu chechokwadi, tinogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti “nyasha, nengoni, norugare zvichava nesu, zvinobva kuna Mwari Baba, nokuna Jesu Kristu, Mwanakomana waBaba, muzvokwadi norudo.” (Ndima 3) Zvirokwazvo tsamba yechipiri yaJohane inosimbisa kuropafadzwa kwohumwe hwakadaro hwechiKristu.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]