Vanhu vaMwari Vanodzokera Kunyika Yavo

PANE makomo maviri makuru anozivikanwa zvikuru akapoteredza nzvimbo yakati sandara iri pakakwirira muIran, anoti Elburz (riri kumaodzanyemba kweGungwa reCaspian) neZagros (riri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwePersian Gulf). Anozoganhurwa nemipata yakakura, yakaorera ine mawere akazara nemiti. Mipata iyi hainyanyi kutonhora kana kupisa asi mumapani akakwirira munotonhora zvakanyanya munguva yechando. Pedyo naipapo pane renje rine misha isina kunyanya kubatana. Munharaunda iyi, kumabvazuva kweMesopotamiya, ndiko kwakatangira Umambo hweMedhiya nePezhiya.

VaMedhiya vaigara nechekuchamhembe kwemupata uyu, kunyange zvazvo gare gare vakazopararira vachipinda muArmenia neKirikiya. Asi vaPezhiya vaiva nechekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumaviririra kwemupata wacho, nechekumabvazuva kweMupata weRwizi Tigirisi. Panguva yaitonga Koreshi, uyo akatanga kutonga munenge muna 560 B.C.E., Medhiya nePezhiya dzakabatana dzikaumba umambo hwaiva nesimba zvikuru kupfuura hwose hwaivapo.

Koreshi akakunda Bhabhironi muna 539 B.C.E. Umambo hwake hwakawedzera huchienda nechokumabvazuva kuIndia. Nechokumadokero, hwakanosvika kuIjipiti neyava kunzi Turkey. Ndokusaka Dhanieri akazorondedzera Umambo hweMedhiya nePezhiya ‘sebheya’ rinorura ‘rakadya nyama zhinji.’ (Dha 7:5) Hutongi hwaKoreshi hwakanga hwakanaka uye airemekedzawo tsika dzevamwe. Akaganhura umambo hwacho kuva matunhu. Dunhu rimwe nerimwe raitongwa nomuchinda, aiwanzova muPezhiya, asi pasi pake paizovawo nemutongi wemunzvimbo yacho. Vanhu vomudunhu racho vaikurudzirwa kuramba vaine tsika nezvitendero zvavo.

Izvi ndizvo zvakaita kuti Koreshi abvumire vaJudha kudzokera kuti vanotangazve kunamata kwechokwadi uye kuti vavakezve Jerusarema, sezvinotaurwa naEzra naNehemiya. Unofunga kuti boka guru iri revanhu rakadzokera nenzira yakanga yashandiswa naAbrahamu yekukwidza neYufratesi akananga Kakemishi, kana kuti vakadimburira vachipfuura nemuTadmori neDhamasiko here? Bhaibheri harina zvarinotaura nezvazvo. (Ona mapeji 6 ne7.) Nekufamba kwenguva vaJudha vakazogarawo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakadai sekunopindira rwizi rwaNire mugungwa uye dzimwewo nzvimbo dziri nechokumaodzanyemba. VaJudha vakati wandei vakasara muBhabhironi, zvingangove zviri izvo zvakazoita kuti muapostora Petro azoendako mazana emakore akazotevera. (1Pe 5:13) Umambo hweMedhiya nePezhiya ndihwo hwakaita kuti vaJudha vazowanikwa munharaunda dzakawanda munguva yakazotonga umambo hweGirisi neRoma.

Vakurira Bhabhironi, guta raipisa chaizvo munguva yechirimo, vaMedhiya nevaPezhiya vakashandisa guta racho somuzinda wavo mukuru. Shushani, iro raimbova guta guru revaEramu, ndiro raiva rimwe remaguta aigarwa namambo. Ndimo umo Mambo wePezhiya, Ahashivheroshi (angangova Xerxes I) akazoita Esteri vahosi vake, akazovhiringidza chirangano chakanga chaitwa chokuuraya vanhu vaMwari muumambo hwacho hwose. Mamwe maguta makuru eMedhiya nePezhiya aiva Ekibhatana (yaiva panzvimbo yakakwirira nemamita 1 900, yaiva nemamiriro okunze aifadza munguva yechirimo) uye Pasargadae (yaiva panzvimbo yakangokwirira serimwe racho, iri kure nemakiromita angasvika 650 nechokumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva).

Umambo uhwu hwaiva nesimba pane dzimwe nyika hwakaguma sei? Payakanga yanyatsosimba, Medhiya nePezhiya yakarwisa vanhu vaiipandukira vachifurirwa nevaGiriki vaiva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwemuganhu wayo. Girisi yakazova nemaguta airwisana asi akazobatana pakukurira mauto ePezhiya muhondo dzakarwiwa paMarathon nepaSaramisi. Apa ndipo pakatanga kunyatsosimba Girisi zvikaita kuti ikurire vaMedhiya nevaPezhiya.

[Bhokisi riri papeji 25]

Vachitungamirirwa naZerubhabheri, varume vechiIsraeri vanenge 50 000 vakafamba rwendo rwemakiromita 800 kusvika ku1 600 (zvichienderana nenzira yavakatora) vachidzokera kuJerusarema. Vakasvikowana nyika iri muurombo husingaiti. Yakanga yaita makore makumi manomwe iri dongo. Vakatanga kudzorera kunamata kwechokwadi nokuvakazve atari uye kupa zvibayiro kuna Jehovha. Muchirimo chemuna 537 B.C.E., vakapemberera Mutambo Wematumba. (Jer 25:11; 29:10) Vakabva vazotanga kuvaka nheyo yeimba yaJehovha.

[Bhokisi riri papeji 25]

MABHUKU EBHAIBHERI AKANYORWA PANGUVA IYI:

Dhanieri

Hagai

Zekariya

Esteri

Mapisarema (mamwe mabhuku acho)

1 na2 Makoronike

Ezra

Nehemiya

Maraki

[Mepu iri papeji 24]

(Kana uchida kuona zvayakaita, ona bhuku racho)

Umambo hweMedhiya nePezhiya

A2 MAKEDHONIYA

A2 THRACE

A4 Kurini

A4 RIBHIYA

B2 Byzantium

B2 RIDHIYA

B3 Sadhisi

B4 Memfisi (Nofi)

B4 IJIPITI

B5 No-amoni (Thebes)

B5 Siene

C3 KIRIKIYA

C3 Taso

C3 Issus

C3 Kakemishi

C3 Tadmori

C3 SIRIYA

C3 Sidhoni

C3 Dhamasiko

C3 Tire

C4 Jerusarema

D2 Phasis

D2 ARMENIA

D3 ASIRIYA

D3 Ninivhi

D4 Bhabhironi

E3 MEDHIYA

E3 Ekibhatana (Achmetha)

E3 HYRCANIA

E4 Shushani (Susa)

E4 ERAMU

E4 Pasargadae

E4 Persepolis

E4 PEZHIYA

F3 PATIYA

F4 DRANGIANA

G2 Maracanda (Samarkand)

G3 SOGDIANA

G3 BACTRIA

G3 ARIA

G4 ARACHOSIA

G4 GEDROSIA

H5 INDIYA

[Dzimwe nzvimbo]

A2 GIRISI

A3 Marathon

A3 Atene

A3 Saramisi

C1 SITIYA

C4 Erati (Eroti)

C4 Tema

D4 ARABHIYA

[Makomo]

E3 ELBURZ MTS.

E4 ZAGROS MTS.

[Mvura zhinji]

B3 Gungwa reMediterranean (Gungwa Guru)

C2 Gungwa Dema

C5 Gungwa Dzvuku

E2 Gungwa reCaspian

E4 Persian Gulf

[Nzizi]

B4 Nire

C3 Yufuratesi

D3 Tigirisi

H4 Indus

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 24]

Mauto aKoreshi aifanira kupfuura nemuMakomo eZagros kuti asvike kuBhabhironi

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 25]

Pamusoro: Gedhi Remarudzi Ose, paPersepolis

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 25]

Pazasi: Guva raKoreshi paPasargadae